The Characteristics and Genesis of Terrace Soils in Yeongnam Area -I. Macro-Morphological Features and Soil Profile Development Index of the Terrace Soils

영남지역(嶺南地域)에 분포(分布)된 단구지토양(段丘地土壤)의 특성(特性)과 생성연구(生成硏究) -제(第) 1 보(報) 단구지토양(段丘地土壤)의 형태적특성(形態的特性)과 토양단면발달도(土壤斷面發達度)

To clarify the characteristics and genesis of clayey terrace soils in Yeongnam area, macro-morphological features and soil profile development indexes were investigated with the sequential soils in Yeongcheon (inland region) and in Yeongil (coastal region). The results are summarized as follows; 1. According to the physiogaphy and landuse, the terrace soils were discernible to well drained yellowish red (5 YR) profile of higher terrace (Bancheon series), moderately well drained reddish yellow (7.5 YR) profile of middle terraces (Upyeong and Hwadong series), and lower terraces (Deogpyeong and Geugrag series) which were moderately well to imperfectly drained by paddy-fication. 2. The roundness and sphericity of the gravels contained in the terrace deposits were ranged around 0.543-0.546 and 0.723-0.722, respectively. The rounded to well rounded gravels were resemble to typical alluvial origins. 3. The amount of clay minerals formed in the soil horizons per 100g of parent materials were 50.8-30.7g while the rates of the clay leached were 30.1-7.4%, and the higher terrace had the more leaching rates. 4. The index of profile development of the terrace soils ranged from 37.95 to 22.01 and the index were positively correlated with relative elevations of the soils. The rates of clay leaching were positively correlated with the ratios of clay in the illuvial horizons to elluvial horizons. 5. A similarity was observed among cumulative grain size curves of the terrace soils, but the patterns of recalculated silt free cumulative grain size curve of terrace deposits in Upyeong soils in Yeongil area were abruptly different from down layer that suggest the soil to have bisequum profile.

영남지역(嶺南地域)의 내륙(內陸)(영천(永川)) 및 해안(海岸)(영일(迎日))지역(地域)에 분포(分布)된 식질단구지(埴質段丘地) 토양군(土壤群)의 특성(特性)과 생성연구(生成硏究)를 위하여 형태적특징(形態的特徵)과 토양(土壤) 단면발달도(斷面發達度)를 조사(調査) 비교(比較)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 식질단구지토양(埴質段丘地土壤)은 지형(地形)과 토지이용(土地利用)에 따라 토양배수(土壤排水)가 "양호(良好)" 하고 색상(色相)이 5YR인 고위단구(高位段丘)(반천통(盤泉統))와 토양배수(土壤排水)가 "약간양호(若干良好)"하며 색상(色相)이 7.5YR인 내지 10YR의 중위단구(中位段丘)(우평통(牛坪統), 화동통(華東統)) 및 심토일부(心土一部)까지 회색화(灰色化)되어 토양배수(土壤排水)가 "약간양호(若干良好)" 또는 "약간불량(若干不良)"한 저위단구(低位段丘)(덕평통(德坪統), 극락통(極樂統))로 구분(區分)되었다. 2. 단구퇴적물중(段丘堆積物中)에 함유(含有)된 석력(石礫)의 원반도(園礬度)는 평균(平均) 0.543~0.546으로서 상호유사(相互類似)한 원력(圓礫) 또는 완원력(完圓礫)이었고, 구형도(球形度)는 0.723~0.722로서 구형(球形)에 가까운 이형적(異型的)인 충적퇴적물(沖積堆積物)이었다. 3. 모재(母材) 100gr당(當) 토층중(土層中)의 점토생성량(粘土生成量)은 50.8~30.7gr.이었고 점토용탈율(粘土溶脫率)은 30.1~7.4%로서 고위단구(高位段丘) 일수록 높았다. 4. 토양단면발달지수(土壤斷面發達指數)는 37.95~22.01로서 상대적(相對的) 표고(標高)가 높을수록 높았으며 점토용탈량(粘土溶脫量)은 용탈층(溶脫層)에 대한 집적층(集積層)의 점토함량비(粘土含量比)와 정상관(正相關) 관계(關係)이었다. 5. 단구군토양(段丘群土壤)의 토양별(土壤別) 입도누적곡선(粒度累積曲線)은 서로 비슷하였으나 영일지역(迎日地域)의 우평통(牛坪統)의 기층(基層)은 상위층(上位層)과 입도누적곡선(粒度累積曲線)(미사제외(微砂除外))이 판이(判異)하였으므로 이중퇴적물단면(二重堆積物斷面)(Bisequum profile)일 가능성이 높았다.