An Epidemiological Study on the Industrial Injuries of Textile Workers in Daegu Area

일부(一部) 섬유업체(纖維業體) 근로자(勤勞者)들의 산업재해(産業災害)에 관(關)한 조사(調査)

The present study was conducted to investigate the status of industrial injuries through a prospective study for a year from August 1980 to July 1981. The subjects were 15 textile industries which were selected by random sampling in Daegu. The results obtained are as follows: Anual over-all incidence rate of industrial injuries was 3.3 percent and the rate showed 6.7 percent in male and 2 percent in female. The rate showed decreasing tendency with larger scale of industries. By the age group, $15{\sim}19$ age group was the highest as 49.3 percent. Age specific incidence rate of industrial injuries revealed highest as 4.7 precent among the group the group of 30 years old and over. By the years of service, 57.1 percent of the total cases belonged to the the group less than 1 year and the rate revealed increasing tendency with shorter period of service. The highest frequency of industrial injuries was observed at the point of 3 hours after the beginning of the work in a day as 18.1 percent. Frequency of industrial injuries showed highest as 20.3 percent on Monday. Frequency of industrial injuries was highest as 27.7 percent in winter time and showed 14 percent and 11.8 percent in January and August, respectively. By the cause of injuries, machinery accidents showed the highest as 39.2 percent and followed by the accidents due to striking against object as 17.8 percent, fall of ground as 16.3 percent and hand tool as 7.2 percent. Frequency of injured parts of body was highest as 43.9 percent in fingers. The frequency was much higher in upper extremities (66.9%) than in lower extremities (17.6%). By the kind of injuries, laceration wound was highestas 35.7 percent and the next was superficial injury and contusion as 35.1 percent. By the duration of treatment, most of the cases was belonged to the group less than 1 month as 79.1 percent and the duration showed prolonging tendency with larger scale of industries.

1980년(年) 8월(月)부터 1981년(年) 7월(月)까지 만(滿) 1년간(年間) 대구지방(大邱地方)의 15개(個) 섬유업체(纖維業體)의 산업재해(産業災害)의 전향성(前向性) 조사성적(調査成績)을 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 년간(年間) 재해(災害) 발생률(發生率)은 3.3%이며, 남자(男子) 6.7%, 여자(女子) 2%로써 남자(男子)에서 다발(多發)하였고 업체규모(業體規模)가 클수록 그율(率)은 낮은 경향(傾向)을 나타내었다. 2. 상해자(傷害者)들의 연령별(年齡別) 분포(分布)는 19재(才)미만군이 49.3%로 제일 높았으나, 연령별(年齡別) 특수(特殊) 발생률(發生率)은 30재(才) 이상군(以上群)이 4.7%이며, 19세미만군은 4.3%이였다. 3. 근속년수별(勤續年數別) 발생빈도(發生頻度)는 근무경력 1년이하(年以下)인 자(者)가 57.1%로 근속년수가 짧을수록 재해발생율이 높았다. 4. 작업개시후(作業開始後) 수상시간(受傷時間) 관찰(觀察)에서 작업개시후(作業開始後) 3시간이 18.1%로서 가장 높았다. 5. 요일별(曜日別) 재해(災害) 발생빈도(發生頻度)는 월요일(月曜日)이 20.3%로 가장 높았으며 목요일(木曜日)까지 점차 감소(減少)하다가 다시 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 6. 계절별(季節別) 발생빈도(發生頻度)는 동계(冬季)가 27.7%로 제일 높았고 월별(月別)은 1월(月)과 8월(月)이 각각(各各) 14% 및 11.8%로 높게 나타났다. 7. 재해원인별(災害原因別) 발생빈도(發生頻度)는 기계(機械)에 의(依)한 것이 39.2%로 가장 높았고, 다음이 충돌(衝突) 17.8%, 추락(墜落) 16.3%, 낙하물(落下物) 14.3% 및 수공구(手工具)의 순위(順位)였다. 8. 상해부위(傷害部位)는 상지부(上肢部)가 66.9%를 차지하였고, 수지부(手肢部)가 전체(全體)의 43.9%로 제일 빈도(頻度)가 많았다. 9. 상해종류(傷害種類)는 개방창(開放創) 35.7%로 제일 높았고, 다음이 표재성손상(表在性損傷) 좌상(挫傷) 35.1%, 염좌(捻挫) 탈구(脫臼) 골절(骨折) 15.7%의 순위(順位)였다. 10. 치료기간별(治療期間別) 분포(分布)는 $1{\sim}2$주(週)가 35.2%로 제일 높았고, 70.1%는 1개월이내(個月以內)에 치유(治癒)되었으며, 업체규모(業體規模)가 클수록 치료기간(治療期間)이 연장(延長)되는 경향(傾向)을 나타내었다.