Studies on the Food Preservation by Antimicrobial Action of Medicinal Herbs -Part I. Repression of Growth of Film Yeasts in Soy Sauce by Some Medicinal Herbs-

생약재(生藥材)에 의(依)한 식품보존(食品保存)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) -(제 1 보) 몇 가지 생약재(生藥材)의 간장 방부효과(防腐效果)-

Several herbs were tested for their antimicrobial activities during preservation of soy sauces. The herbs which resulted in retarded growth of film yeasts were extracted and added to various media such as koji-extract agar, buion-peptone agar to elucidate effects on the growth of film yeasts, Aspergillus oryzae and Bacillus subtilis. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Addition of phellodendron powder resulted in retarded formation of film in fermented soy sauces. Film was produced after 2 days without addition of the phellodendron powder. However, formation of film was observed after 8 days when 0.5 per cent of the phellodendron powder was added, and after 12 days when 1.0 per cent of the powder was added to fermented soy sauce. 2) For the amino acid soy sauce, formation of film was retarded for 6 days by 0.5 per cent of the pow der and for 8 days by 1.0 per cent of the powder. 3) Repression of film yeasts by addition of helenii and camphora powder was recognized respectively, but other herbs were appeared to have no detectable effects. 4) Growth of film yeast and Asp. oryzae way, retarded for 5 days on koji-extract agar plates which contain 0.5 per cent of phellodendron extract. Bac. subtilis also showed retarded growth for 5 days on buion-peptone agar plates containing the same amount of the extract. 5) Retarded growth of film yeast for 5 days was obtained when grown on koji-extract agar plates containing 15 per cent of sodium chloride and 0.3 per cent of phellodendron powder, however, no growth of Asp. oryzae was obtained on this concentration of sodium chloride. Growth of Bac. subtilis was repressed for 5 days on buion-peptone agar plates which contain 15 per cent of sodium chloride and 0.1 per cent of phellodendron powder.

합성방부제 대신 몇가지 생약재를 사용하여 간장의 방부효과를 실험하고 아울려 생약재중 방부효과가 인정되는 황백을 첨가한 인공합성배지에서 산막효모 이외 2종의 미생물의 발육상태를 검토한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 양조간장에 생약재 첨가효과는 대조구에서는 2일후부터 균막이 형성되었으나 황백분말 0.5% 첨가구에서는 8일후, 1.0% 첨가구에서는 12일후에 균막이 형성되었다. 2. 화학간장에 생약재 첨가의효과는 대조구에서는 2일후부터 균막형성이 시작되었으나 황백분말 0.5% 첨가구에서는 6일후에, 1.0% 첨가구에서는 8일후에 균막이 형성되었다. 3. 목향과 장뇌분말의 첨가는 다소 균발육억제 효과가 인정되었으나 기타 생약재는 그 효과를 인정할 수 없었다. 4. 합성배지에 황백(黃栢) extract 첨가효과는 산막효모가 0.5% 첨가배지에서 5일간 발육이 억제되었고 황국균은 3일간, 납두균은 4일간 억제되었다. 5. 15%식염을 함유한 합성배지에서의 황백(黃栢) extract 첨가의 효과는 산막효모, 황국균, 남두균 같이 0.3%첨가로 5일간 균발육이 억제되었다.