관수(灌水)에 의(依)한 비닐하우스내(內) 토양(土壤)의 제염(除鹽)

Effect of Watering on Eluviation of Soluble Salts in the Vinyl House Soils

  • Jung, Yeong-Sang (Dept. of Agric. Chem., College of Agriculture, Seoul National University) ;
  • Yoo, Sun-Ho (Dept. of Agric. Chem., College of Agriculture, Seoul National University)
  • 심사 : 1975.03.10
  • 발행 : 1975.06.20

초록

소채(蔬채)의 연작(連作)과 다비(多肥)에 의(依)하여 염류(鹽類)가 과잉집적(過剩集積)된 비닐하우스 내(內) 토양(土壤)에 대(對)하여 관수량(灌水量)과 관수회수(灌水回數)에 따른 제염효과(除鹽效果)와 제염(除鹽)이 토마토 수량(收量)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 관수량(灌水量)이 증가(增加)할수록 또 1회(回)에 전량(全量)을 관수(灌水)하는 것 보다 2~3회에 나누어서 관수(灌水)하는 것의 제염률(除鹽率)이 높았다. 동일량(同一量)의 관수량(灌水量)에 대(對)한 제염효율(除鹽效率)은 사양토(砂壤士)보다 식양토(埴壤士)에서 높았으며, 150mm 관수시(灌水時) 토양(土壤)의 깊이 30cm 까지의 제염율(除鹽率)은 미사질식양토(微砂質埴壤土)에서 50%, 사양토(砂壤土)에서 34% 이었다. 2. 관수(灌水)에 의(依)한 제염(除鹽)으로 토마토의 수량(收量)은 증가(增加)하였으나, 제염율(除鹽率)과는 반드시 일치(一致)하지는 않았다. 100mm(50-50), 150mm(50-50-50, 혹(或)은 100-50) 및 200mm(100-100) 관수(灌水)한 구(區)의 증가(增收)가 인정(認定)되었다. 3 토마토의 수량(收量)(${\hat{Y}}$)와 표토(表土)의 전기전도도(電氣傳導度)(1 : 5)와는 다음과 같은 관계(關係)가 인정(認定)되었다. 사양토(砂壤士);${\hat{Y}}=1,737.0+437.5X-290.5X^2$ $(R=0.632^{**})$ 미사질식양토(微砂質埴壤士);${\hat{Y}}=1,542.3+454.1X-275.0X^2$ $(R=0.622^{**})$ 4. 수량(收量)과 토양(土壤)의 침출성(浸出性) 양(陽)ion중(中) calcium, magnesium의 함량(含量)과는 상관(相關)이 인정(認定)되지 않았으나, sodium, potassium sodium 함량(含量) 및 sodium과 calcium과의 비(比) (Na/Ca)과 부상관(負相關)이 인정(認定)되었다.

Vegetables are often cultivated continuously year round in a vinyl house with heavy application of fertlilizers, which leads to accumulation of salts in the soil. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of watering on salt eluviation from the soil, and on the yield of tomatoes in the vinyl house. The results were summarized as the followings: The salt eluviation increased with the amount of water applied. The efficiency of the salt eluviation was greater for the silty clay loam soil than the sandy loam soil. With a given amount of water, the efficiency increased with frequency of watering. The yield of tomatoes was increased by watering. However, the yield was not necessarily correlated to the amount of salt leached. Increase in yield of tomatoes by watering was in order of the treatment, 100mm (50-50), 150mm (50-50-50 or 100-50), and 200mm (100-100) of water for both soils. Relationship between the yield of tomatoes and electrical conductibity of the soil (1 : 5 extract) was described by the following regression equation : $Y=1,739.0+437.5X-290.5X^2$ $(R=0.632^{**})$ for sandy loam soil, and $Y=1.542.2+454.1X-275.0X^2$ $(R=0.622^{**})$ for silty clay loam soil. The yield of tomatoes in salt accumulated soil was inversely correlated to extractable sodium and potassium, and to the ratio of extractable sodium to calcium (Na/Ca), while the yield was not correlated to extractable calcium and magnesium.

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