Effects of the time, and the rate of potassium fertilization at nursery stage on the rooting activity in paddy rice plant

수도(水稻)의 발근(發根)에 미치는 묘대가리시용(苗垈加里施用)의 영향(影響)

  • Lee, E.W. (College of Agriculture, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, C.Y. (College of Agriculture, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kwon, Y.W. (College of Agriculture, Seoul National University)
  • Published : 1968.04.30

Abstract

In order to learn the effect of timing and rate of potash fertilization in the rice plant nursery on the root growth and the vegetative growth of later stage a pot experiment was carried out employing 'Jaekun' a rice variety. Potassium Chloride was applied at the rate of $0{\sim}100g\;K_{2}O/3.3m^2$ right before, and 30 days after seeding. Forty-day old seedlings were transplanted three times successively at the one week intervals with the roots cut each time. Each subject was observed in rooting and other useful traits. A part of seedlings after the third root scission were cultured intact thereafter and the yield characters examined. The results were shown as: 1. The rate of sound seedlings was high in the case that a small amount of potassium was applied as the basic placement while the application of the fertilizer over $75g/3.3m^2$ (as $K_{2}O$) yielded a far less crops. 2. The plant height, number of tillers, number of leaves, and grass weight increased as the amount of potassium was elevated. However, the application of $50g\;K_{2}O/3.3m^2$ in the basic placement and that of $75g\;K_{2}O/3.3m^2$ were the peaks over which the above mentioned characters were weakened. 3. As the amount of potassium was increased the increment in number of rooting was notable, especially when the scission of roots was repeated within the limit of $50{\sim}75g\;K_{2}O/3.3m^2$. 4. In the maximum root newly shooted length indicated was about the same tendency although no statistical significance was observed. 5. The plant height, number of tillers, and variation of weight between grass and root indicated a similar tendency as the number of root shoot. 6. The differences in number of ears, grain yield, and weight of straw between the treatments were not so great but showed somewhat similar trend as in the growth of transplanted plants. In the treatment-100g $K_{2}O/3.3m^2$ the yield (ears, grain and straw) decreased as in the non-fertilized.

묘대(苗垈) 가리시용(加里施用) 시기(時期) 및 시용량(施用量)의 차이(差異)가 수도(水稻)의 근생장(根生長) 및 후기생육(後期生育)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 알고저 수도품종(水稻品種) "재건(再建)"을 공시(供試)하여 pet 시험(試驗)을 하였다. 시험처리(試驗處理)로써는 파종(播種) 직전(直前)과 파종(播種) 후(後) 30일(日)에 각각(各各) 염화가리(鹽化加里)를 $0{\sim}100gK_{2}O/3.3m^2$ 율(率)로 시용(施用)하고, 40일묘(日苗)를 1 주일(週日) 간격(間隔)으로 3회(回)에 걸쳐 계속 전근(剪根) 후(後) 재식(栽植)하고 각각(各各) 주일(週日) 후(後)에 발근상태(發根狀態) 및 그밖의 실용형질(實用形質)에 대(對)하여 조사(調査)하였으며, 제(第) 3 회(回) 전근(剪根) 후(後) 일부(一部)는 완전재식(完全栽植)하여 수량형질(收量形質)에 관(關)하여 조사(調査)하였다. 그 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 성묘율(成苗率)은 가리(加里)를 기비(基肥)로 소량(小量) 시용(施用)한 경우에 높았으며, $75gK_{2}O/3.3m^2$ 이상(以上) 시용구(施用區)에서는 현저(顯著)히 감소(減少)하였다. 2. 성묘(成苗)의 초장(草長), 경수(莖數), 엽수(葉數) 및 묘중(苗重)은 모두 가리시용량(加里施用量)의 증가(增加)에 따라 증대(增大)되었으나 기비(基肥)로 시용(施用)한 경우에는 $50gK_{2}O/3.3m^2$, 묘대말기(苗垈末期)의 시용(施用)에 있어서는 $75gK_{2}O/3.3m^2$를 정점(頂點)으로 감소(減少)하였다. 3. 가리시용량(加里施用量)이 많을 수록 전근(剪根) 후(後)의 발근수(發根數)가 현저(顯著)히 증가(增加)되었고 전근(剪根)을 거듭할수록 이러한 경향(傾向)은 더욱 뚜렷하였으며, 대체(大體)로 그 한계시용량(限界施用量)은 $50{\sim}75gK_{2}O/3.3m^2$ 정도(程度)이었다. 4. 전근(剪根) 후(後) 신생근(新生根)의 최장근장(最長根長)도 통계적(統計的) 유의차(有意差)는 없지만 발근수(發根數)와 비슷한 경향(傾向)을 보였다. 5. 전근묘(剪根苗)의 초장(草長), 경수(莖數) 및 지상부(地上部)와 근부(根部)의 중량변이(重量變異)도 발근수(發根數)와 동조적(同調的) 경향(傾向)이었다. 6. 수수(穗數), 정조량(精租量) 및 고중(藁重)은 처리간(處理間) 차이(差異)는 크지 않지만 역시(亦是) 이앙묘(移秧苗)의 생육상(生育狀)과 동조적(同調的) 경향(傾向)을 보이고 묘대(苗垈) 가리시용량(加里施用量)의 증가(增加)에 따라 삼소(參少) 증대(增大)되었으나 $100gK_{2}O/3.3m^2$ 처리구(處理區)에서는 무처리구(無處理區)와 비슷한 정도(程度)로 감소(減少)되었다.

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