Modulation of Exocytosis by Protein Kinases and $Ca^{2+}$ in Epithelial Cells:

In neurons and some endocrine cells, $Ca^{2＋}$ plays a pivotal role as the final signal for rapid stimulus-evoked release of neurotransmitters and hormones. In contrast, intracellular signals other than $Ca^{2＋}$, such as protein A and C, were mor emphasized the exocytosis in non-neuronal cells. We questioned if the regulatory mechanisms of exocytosis are fundamentally different between cell types.(omitted)