• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1645-1649
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• 2012

Purpose: This study aimed to assess possible interactive effects of coping styles and psychological stress on depression and anxiety symptoms in Chinese women shortly after diagnosis of breast cancer. Methods: Four hundred and one patients with breast cancer were face-to-face interviewed by trained research staff according to a standardized questionnaire including information on socio-demographic characteristics, psychological stress, coping styles, and anxiety and depressive symptoms. Interactive effects were assessed by hierarchical multiple regression analyses. Results: There were significant associations of the four domains of psychological stress with anxiety and depressive symptoms except for the relationship between "worrying about health being harmed" and depressive symptoms. "Abreaction coping behavior" and "escaping coping behavior" significantly increased the level of both anxiety and depressive symptoms; whereas an "active coping style" reswulted in significant decrease. The interaction of "active coping behavior" with "worrying about health being harmed" significantly increased the risk of the anxiety symptoms, while adopting "self-relaxing coping behavior" was associated with significant decrease. The interaction of "worry about daily life and social relationship being restricted" with "escaping coping behavior" significantly increased the risk of the depressive symptoms. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that certain coping styles might moderate the association of psychological stress with anxiety and depressive symptoms in Chinese women with breast cancer.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.25-29
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• 2001

We have constructed a non-spherical model for the hot oxygen corona of Mars by including the effects of planetary rotation and diurnal variation of the Martian ionosphere. Exospheric oxygen densities are calculated by integrating ensemble of ballistic and escaping oxygen atoms from the exobase over the entire planet. The hot oxygen atoms are produced by dissociative recombination of $O^+_2$, the major ion in the Martian ionosphere. The densities of hot oxygen atoms at the exobase are estimated from electron densities which have been measured to vary with solar zenith angle. Our model shows that the density difference of hot oxygen atoms between noon and terminator is about two orders of magnitude near the exobase, but reduces abruptly around altitudes of 2000 km due to lateral transport. The diurnal variation of hot oxygen densities remains significant up to the altitude of 10000 km. The diurnal variation of the hot oxygen corona should thus be considered when the upcoming Nozomi measurements are analyzed. The non-spherical model of the hot oxy-gen corona may contribute to building sophisticate solar wind interaction models and thus result in more accurate escaping rate of oxygens from Mars.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.172-180
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• 2011

The transfer of microorganisms is important process for ecosystems. Microorganisms in dryland can transport itself to wetland through atmospheric diffusion, but only few papers reported about the atmospheric bioaerosol present over dryland. We carried out the direct sampling using a tethered balloon over Dunhuang City, China's northwestern dryland. Bioaerosols were collected using a tethered balloon with a bioaerosol collector at 820 m above the ground (1,960 m above the sea level) around noon on August 17, 2007. The bioaerosols were cultured after the collection at Dunhuang Meteorological observatory. Two strains of molds were isolated using the Nutrient agar medium. About 400-bp 18S rRNA partial sequences were amplified by PCR and determined afterwards. The results of a homology search by 18S rRNA sequences of isolates in DNA databases (GenBank, DDBJ, and EMBL) and an observation of the form revealed that two bioaerosols in the convective mixed layer over Dunhuang City were Cladosporium sp. and Aspergillus sp.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.2819-2822
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• 2012

Objective: To assess induction effects of Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn) on lung cancer in rats. Methods: A lung cancer animal model was developed through repeated intratracheal injection of Cpn (TW-183) into the lungs of rats, with or without exposure to benzo(a)pyrene (Bp). Cpn antibodies (Cpn-IgA, -IgG, and -IgM) in serum were measured by microimmunofluorescence. Cpn-DNA or Cpn-Ag of rat lung cancer was detected through polymerase chain reaction or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The prevalence of Cpn infection was 72.9% (35/48) in the Cpn group and 76.7% (33/43) in the Cpn plus benzo(a)pyrene (Bp) group, with incidences of lung carcinomas in the two groups of 14.6% (7/48) and 44.2% (19/43), respectively (P-values 0.001 and <0.000 compared with normal controls). Conclusions: A rat model of lung carcinoma induced by Cpn infection was successfully established in the laboratory for future studies on the treatment, prevention, and mechanisms of the disease.

• BMB Reports
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• v.49 no.7
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• pp.394-399
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• 2016

Glioma-Associated Oncogene Homolog1 (Gli1) is known to be activated in malignant glioma; however, its downstream pathway has not been fully explained. The aim of this study was to explore the role of Gli1-Aquaporin1 (AQP1) signal pathway in glioma cell survival. Our data suggests that both Gli1 and AQP1 are upregulated in glioma tissues, as in comparison to in normal tissues. These up-regulation phenomena were also observed in glioma U251 and U87 cells. It was demonstrated that Gli1 positively regulated the AQP1 expression. By luciferase reporter gene and ChIP assay, we observed that this modulation process was realized by combination of Gli1 with AQP1 promotor. In addition, knock down of Gli1 by siRNA interference reduced the viability of glioma cells as well as suppressed cell metastasis. Also, the inhibitory effects of cell survival by silenced Gli1 were abrogated by AQP1 overexpression. In summary, glioma cell survival is a regulatory process and can be mediated by Gli1-AQP1 pathway.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.273-280
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• 2009

A cDNA clone encoding a MDR-like ABC transporter protein was isolated from Brassica rapa seedlings, through rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). This gene (named as Brmdr 1; GenBank accession no.: DQ296184 ) had a total length of 4222 bp with an open reading frame of 3900 bp, and encoded a predicted polypeptide of 1300 amino acids with a molecular weight of 143.1 kDa. The BrMDR1 protein shared 71.0, 62.5, 60.0 and 58.2% identity with other MDR proteins isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana (AAN28720), Coptis japonica (CjMDR), Gossypium hirsutum (GhMDR) and Triticum aestivum (TaMDR) at amino acid level, respectively. Southern blot analysis showed that Brmdr1 was a low-copy gene. Expression pattern analysis revealed that Brmdr1 constitutively expressed in the root, stem petals and stamens, but with lower expression in leaves and open flowers. The domains analysis showed that BrMDR1 protein possessed two transmembrane domains (TMDs) and two nucleotide binding domains (NBDs) arranging in "TMD1-NBD1-TMD2-NBD2" direction, which is consistent with other MDR transporters. Within NBDs three characteristic motifs common to all ABC transporters, "Walker A", "Walker B" and C motif, were found. These results indicate that BrMDR1 is a MDR-like ABC transporter protein that may be involved in the transport and accumulation of secondary metabolites.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.404-413
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• 1999

Methanopyrus kandleri is a hyperthermophilic methanogen that represents one of the most heat-resistant organisms: the maximum growth temperature of M. kandleri is $110^{\circ}C$. A random sequence analysis of the genomic DNA of M. kandleri has been performed to obtain genomic information. More than 200 unique sequence tags were obtained and compared with the sequences in the GenBank and PIR databases. About 30% of the analyzed tags showed strong sequence similarity to previously identified genes involved in various cellular processes such as biosynthesis, transport, methanogenesis, or metabolism. When statistics relating to the frequency of codons were examined, the sequenced open reading frames showed highly biased codon usage and a high content of charged amino acids. Among the identified genes, a homologue of the catalytic subunit of carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH) that reduces $CO_2$ to CO was cloned and sequenced in order to examine its detailed gene structure. The cloned gene includes consensus promoters. The amino acid sequence of the cloned gene shows a strong homology with the CODH genes from methanogenic Archaea, especially in the presumed binding sites for Fe-S centers.

• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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• v.8
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• pp.1-23
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• 2003

Im Deutschen wird generell einem Suffix zwei verschiedene prosodische Strukturen zugewiesen: ein konsonanteninitiales Suffix bildet sein eigenes phonologisches Wort, ein vokalinitiales Suffix dagegen nicht. $F\"{u}r$ diese Unterscheidung zwischen zwei Suffixklassen nennt man innerhalb einer regelbasierten Theorie zwei Kriterien: (i) Phonologisches Wort fungiert als $Dom\"{a}ne{\;}f\"{u}r$ die Silbifizierung und die Koordinationsreduktion, (ii) Konsonanteninitiale Suffixe $tr\"{a}gen$ einen Nebenakzent, $w\"{a}hrend$ einem vokalinitialen Suffix kein Akzent zugewiesen wird. Diese Arbeit zeigt, dass das erste Kriterium kein Argument $f\"{u}r$ die Annahme eines phonologischen Wortes ist. Die Existenz eines phonologischen Wortes und die Unterscheidung zwischen zwei Suffixklassen hinsichtlich des prosodischen Status werden durch einen Zirkelschluss $begr\"{u}ndet$, indem die Annahme eines phonologischen Wortes $Ph\"{a}nomene$ wie Silbifizierung und Koordinationsreduktion rechtfertigt, diese $Ph\'{a}nomene$ wiederum ihrerseits die Annahme eines phonologischen Wortes. Die hier vorgeschlagene Constraintsinteraktion erfasst dagegen den wesentlichen Charakter der beiden $Ph\"{a}nomene$, ohne dabei einen direkten Bezug auf das phonologische Wort zu nehrnen. Auch im Zusammenhang mit dem zweiten Kriterium stellt sich heraus, dass es keinen Grund gibt, Akzentunterschiede bei Suffixen anzunehmen. Die Allomorphie der Superlativ-Suffixe +est/+st ergibt sich aus dem Constraintranking OCP$\gg$ $fu{\ss}bezogene$ Constraints, nicht aus dem Akzentunterschied zwischen Suffixen.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.251-257
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• 2020

The genus Plectus Bastian, 1865 represents a group of free-living freshwater nematodes belonging to the family Plectidae Örley, 1880. However, only one species has been reported thus far from Korea. Plectus aquatilis Andrássy, 1985 and Plectus cirratus Bastian, 1865 are reported for the first time from Korea, from sediments collected from the Nakdong River. Plectus aquatilis is distinguished from other Plectus species by its three longitudinal alae in the lateral field, thin and directed cephalic setae, continuous lip region (head not set-off), and rectangular shaped tail. Plectus cirratus is distinguished from other Plectus species by its large body, two longitudinal alae in the lateral field, larger stoma, and longer tail. Morphological characters and measurements of the specimens generally agree with the original descriptions of Plectus species. Here, the morphological characters (detailed morphometrics) of two species in the genus Plectus are fully redescribed and illustrated using optical microscopy. DNA barcode sequence information from the 18S rDNA gene is also provided for molecular species identification and compared with sequences from other Plectus species available on GenBank.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.234-242
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• 2020

In this study, we monitored the raw materials in home-meal replacement (HMR) products, which have shown more than 63% growth in market size for two years. A total of 89 HMR products were purchased and the DNA barcodes of 112 raw materials in the product samples were analyzed. In order to identify the raw material species, a primer set specific for the 16S ribosomal RNA region of each raw material species was amplified. The amplicon was purified and sequenced, and then used to perform a BLAST search provided by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The species of the raw material was determined by comparing the nucleotide sequences of the species registered in GenBank with identity and match score. Twenty-four species and three genera were identified from 112 raw materials. Three genera were identified at the genus level because a large number of species belonging to the same genus exist within 98% of the identity criteria. The results of the determination were compared with the available raw materials suggested in the Korea Food Code to determine the Korean name and availability of the foods. Six non-listed species were determined to be edible according to information provided by influential domestic and foreign organizations.