• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.91-95
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• 2001

In this study, we estimated the behavior of the diversity of physiological responses under varied physical environmental factors by measuring variations of heart rate variability (HRV), an index of activity of cardiac autonomic control. Seven healthy young male adults consented and participated in the study. The environmental conditions consisted of thermal, lighting, and acoustic conditions. Two components of HRV were measured. one was the low frequency (LF) component of HRV, which provided a quantitative index of the sympathetic and parasympathetic (vagal) activities controlling the heart rate (HR). The other component measured was the high frequency (HF) component, which provided an index of the vagal tone. The percent contribution of physical environmental factors to the variations in HRV indices were calculated by ANOVA. The contribution of physical environmental factors to the variations in HR was higher than the contribution of HF and LF. However, the contribution of these factors was lower than the contribution related with individual difference in all indices. This result showed that the individual diversity of physiological responses is not a negligible quantity.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.170-176
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• 2010

The clinical characteristics of fistula-in-ano in infants are different from those of older children, and its treatment remains controversial. We suggest that fistula-in-ano in infants has a congenital etiology. To verify this hypothesis and to settle the controversies regarding fistula-in ano in infants, a retrospective analysis of 29 patients less than 2 years of age with anal fistulae treated between 1994 and 2009 at Samsung Changwon Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Twenty two patients were male and mean age at diagnosis was $7.2{\pm}5.2$ months. Eleven out of 22 cases had previous surgical drainage for perianal abscess. 18 patients had fistulotomy (81.8 %) and four had fistulectomy (18.2 %). Cryptotomies with fistulectomy were performed in 10 patients (45.5 %) who had involved crypt. There was one recurrence. These results suggest that fistula-in-ano in young children less than two years of age is different from those in older children or adults. Fistulotomy is suggested to be the recommended treatment of choice. A future study involving non-operative management would be required to explore all treatment options.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.364-368
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• 2000

Typical osteoblastoma is generally considered to be a rare benign primary bone tumor that is seen primarily in children and young adults and curable by complete excision. However, the recurrence, aggressive behavior, or malignant transformation of this lesion was reported in some cases. It is reported that the malignant or aggressive osteoblatoma is really osteoblastoma-like osteosarcoma. Therefore, although this lesion is diagnosed as benign histologically. the operator must observe the postoperative course carefully. This article is to report a case of osteoblastoma-like osteosarcoma occurred in the mandible of 22 years old male patient with literature review.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.139-158
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• 1991

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between adult children's perceived interaction pattern with their parents and their marital satisfaction. The subjects are a total of 646 male and female who been married for 3 years or less, living in Seoul, and whose fathers or mothers are still alive. The questionaire, including of attachment, autonomy, marital satisfaction scales, are distributed to collect the data. The main results are as follows: 1. Intimate-Dependent type is 31% each in relation to fathers and mothers. Distant-Independent type is 30% in relation to fathers, 27% in relation to mothers. Balanced type is 21% in relation to fathers, 23% in relation to mothers. Undeveloped type is 18% in relation to fathers, 19% in relation to mothers. 2. there is interaction effect between parental sex and adult children's sex as related to attachment levels, autonomy levels. 3. There is statistically significant difference among attachment-autonomy patterns as related to adult children's marital satisfaction. 4. Attachment and autonomy in relation to fathers and attachment in relation to mothers affect sons' marital satisfaction positively. Attachment in relation to fathers and mothers affect positively to daughters' marital satisfaction.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.212-217
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• 2023

The subfamilies Lithocolletinae and Ornixolinae belong to the family Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera). In this study, one species in the subfamily Lithocolletinae, Neolithocolletis hikomonticola Kumata, 1963 and two species in the subfamily Ornixolinae, Conopomorpha flueggella Li, 2011 and Epicephala nudilingua Kawakita & Kato, 2016 are reported for the first time from Korea. Also, two genera, Neolithocolletis Kumata, 1963 and Conopomorpha Meyrick, 1885 are reported as new to Korea. All available information of these taxa, including details on their host plants and distributional regions are provided with the descriptions and illustrations of the adults, male and female genitalia of these taxa.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 2015

Purpose: In this study, dynamic stereoacuity of 20s' adults were measured by using the Howard-Dolman test(H-D TEST, Bernell, U.S.A), and compared of male and female. And the correlation between dynamic stereoacuity and PD(pupillary distance), and between dynamic stereoacuity and anisometropia caused by difference in the spherical refractive power of the left and right eyes were analyzed. Methods: The mean age of $22.68{\pm}0.50$(20~29)years old, 20s' 63 adults (30 male, 33 female) were conducted for this experiments. After the full correction of subject's refractive error, dynamic stereoacuity was measured 5 times for 1 subject at 2.5 m distance using the H-D test. at 2.5 distance. Results: The mean of dynamic stereoacuity was $28.44{\pm}25.03$ sec of arc for total subjects, $28.23{\pm}23.34$ sec of arc for male, and $28.63{\pm}26.83$ sec of arc for female. In the dynamic stereoacuity classified by the range of inter-pupil distance (IPD), the dynamic stereoacuity was $33.87{\pm}18.53$ sec for the IPD being under 59.80 mm, $26.24{\pm}25.26$ sec of arc for 59.81~66.15 mm, $34.60{\pm}25.65$ sec of arc for over 66.15 mm. However, there were no significant differences between 3 groups (P=0.73, r=0.03). In dynamic stereoacuity classified by the refractive error difference between two eyes, dynamic stereoacuity was $26.81{\pm}24.86$ sec of arc for the under 1 D, $41.45{\pm}24.18$ sec of arc for over 1 D, and there was no significant difference between two groups (P=0.15, r=0.15). Conclusions: Dynamic stereacuity by the H-D test in 20s adults showed that there was no significant differences between male and female, and PD and anisometropia did not have a significant impact upon the dynamic stereoacuity.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.105-114
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• 2021

Objective : The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the sex differences in episodic memory and spatial cognition in healthy young adults. Methods : Forty-eight undergraduates (male=24, female=24) were assessed for sex differences using the visual stimuli episodic memory task and the virtual reality-based spatial cognition task. The accuracy rates (%) for the What, Where, and When conditions of the episodic memory task and the average distance error (cm) for 10 trials of the spatial cognition task were analyzed. Results : There were no significant sex differences between the three conditions. The male participants showed a significantly higher performance on the spatial cognition task than the female participants Conclusion : The results of this study indicated that the sex differences in episodic memory could be altered by the test methods. Although episodic memory and spatial cognition mainly depend on the hippocampus, the sex-related differences between the two functions were inconsistent, suggesting that these two functions are independent.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.41-45
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• 2002

To study the ametropia and the sort of glasses, especially progressive multifocal lens, for near purpose on Middle aged & Manhood. 500 adults were tested by the object and subject methods. Among the 500 adults, myopia is 22.4%, hyperopia is 61.4%, and emmetropia is 16.2%, respectively. In test of astigmatism, the amount of astigmatism for the age of forty one to under forty five with-the rule is 28%, the amount of astigmatism against-the rule is 43% and the amount of astigmatism with oblique is 11%, respectively. Whereas, the amount of astigmatism for the age of fifty six to under sixty with-the rule is 10%, the amount of astigmatism against-the rule is 71% and the amount of astigmatism with oblique is 19%, respectively. With-the-rule decreased with increasing age while against-the-rule increased with increasing age. The oblique astigmatism relationship to age could not be determined. The ratio of the progressive multifocal lens was 67.3% for male and 35% for female.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.232-241
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• 1988

This study was to investigate the effect of calcium supplementation on the reduction of blood pressure in normotensive young adults. Fortyseven healthy college students(23 male and 24 female) were divided into Ca and placebo groups, and were orally given with calcium(1g/day, 2.5g as CaCO3) and placebo, respectively, for 20 weeks. Blood pressure was measured by Korotokoff method in seated position every two weeks. Average daily dietary calcium intakes of the subjects were 626-643mg in men and 513-552mg in women. Average initial level of serum calcium of the subjects belonged to normal range. 1. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure(SBP and DBP) of Ca group showed significant continuously decreasing tendency from 6-8 weeks until final 20 weeks of the supplementation in both men and women. But placebo groups did not. Comparing with the basal value, reduction of SBP and DBP after 20 weeks were 6.53$\pm$4.30%(8.9mmHg) and 8.10$\pm$3.30%(7.4mmHg) in men, and 6.56$\pm$2.41%(8.1mmHg) and 7.33$\pm$3.75%(6.2mmHg) in women. The blood pressure lowering effect of calcium supplementation seemed to be greater in the subjects with higher basal SBP. 2. Serum calcium was significantly increased by calcium supplementation in both men and women, and showed significant negative correlation with SBP(r=-.213) and DBP(r=-.301) in women. Serum Ca/Mg ratio of Ca group was also elevated and showed significant negative correlation with SBP(r=-.174) and DBP(r=-.194) in total subjects. 3. Urinary excretion of Na did not show any significant changes by calcium supplementation in both men and women and showed no correlations with blood pressures.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.144-149
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• 2017

Background The purpose of this study was to identify the epidemiologic characteristics of hand tendon injuries in children and to compare these with those of adults. Methods This retrospective study was conducted on acute traumatic tendon injuries of the hand treated at our institution from 2005 to 2013, based on medical records and X-ray findings. Age, sex, hand injured, mechanism of injury, tendons and zones injured, number of affected digits, and comorbidities and complications were analyzed. Patients were divided into 2 groups: a pediatric group (${\leq}15years$) and an adult group (>15 years). Results Over the 9-year study period, 533 patients were surgically treated for acute traumatic tendon injuries of the hand. In the pediatric group (n=76), being male, the right hand, the extensor tendon, complete rupture, the middle finger, and glass injury predominated in hand tendon injuries. In the adult group (n=457), results were similar, but injury to the index finger and knife injury were the most common. An accompanying fracture was more common in the adult group and complication rates were non-significantly different. Conclusions This comparative analysis revealed no significant epidemiologic intergroup differences. The belief that pediatric tendon injuries tend to be less severe is misplaced, and careful physical examination and exploration should be conducted in pediatric cases of hand injury.