• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.147-174
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• 2007

"Theory on the Sufficiency of Yang and the Deficiency of Yin(陽有餘陰不足論)" mainly instituted as follows: The 'Yang Qi(陽氣)' of the heaven(天) has changed to 'Qi(氣)', and the 'Yin Qi(陰氣)' of the earth(地) has changed to 'Xue(血)', 'Qi(氣)' is always sufficient and 'Xue(血)' is always deficient. 'The Always Sufficient Qi(氣常有餘)' means 'the fire always exists(常有火)', and 'the fire(火)' is 'the premier fire(相火)'. 'The premier fire(相火)' is always in men's body and causes 'activities(動)' which is the core characteristic in men's life, and in other side it always has opportunities to be made symptoms by 'the abnormal activities of the premier fire(相火妄動)'. In 'the always deficient Xue(血常不足)' , 'Xue(血)' is the 'Yin Qi(陰氣)' of liver and kidneys[肝腎] which is attached by 'the premier fire(相火)', as it means 'Xue(血)' and 'Jing(精)'. He suggested that 'the premier fire(相火)' is the power of human life, but if 'the premier fire(相火)' is not based on 'Yin Qi(陰氣)', it can not fulfill its function. So he thought that the maintenance and fulfillment of 'Yin Qi(陰氣)' is very important. In conclusion, "Theory on the Sufficiency of Yang and the Deficiency of Yin(陽有餘陰不足論)" explains the basic character of men's life which 'Dong Duo Jing Shao(動多靜少)', so 'the premier fire(相火)' which control 'the activities(動)' is always being and 'Jing Xue(精血)' which control 'Jing(靜)' is always scare.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.38-48
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• 2006

1. Objects This paper was written in order to understand the formative process of Soyangin pharmacology. 2. Methods We analysis Soyangin pharmacology through pathology and new prescription in ${\ulcorner}$Gabobon(甲午本)${\lrcorner}$ and ${\ulcorner}$Sinchukbon(辛丑本)${\lrcorner}$ of ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Suse Bowon${\lrcorner}$. 3. Results and Conclusions New prescription of Soyangin in ${\ulcorner}$Gabobon${\lrcorner}$ is same or similar to that in ${\ulcorner}$Chobonkwon${\lrcorner}$. So we can recognize that almost Soyangin pharmacology of ${\ulcorner}$Gabobon${\lrcorner}$ is made when Dongmu write ${\ulcorner}$Chobonkwon${\lrcorner}$. And the maintenance of Yin-Qi is key point of Soyangin's pharmacology New prescription of Soyangin is made by regular rules in ${\ulcorner}$Sinchukbon${\lrcorner}$. Dongmu say that Hyungkae(荊芥) Bangpung(防風) Kanghwal(羌活) Dokhwal(獨活) is herbs for descending-Yin, and Sukjihwang(熟地黃) Sansuyoo(山茱萸) Bokryung Taeksa(澤瀉) or Saengjihwang(生池黃) Sukgo(石膏) Jimo(知母) is herbs for ascending-Yang And all new prescription except Sukjihwangkosam-tang(熟地黃苦蔘湯) is composed of asneding-Yang and descending-Yin's herbs. New prescription of the exterior disease contained all descending-Yin's herbs and that of the interior disease contained all ascending-Yang's herbs completly. Namely when ${\ulcorner}$Gabobon${\lrcorner}$ was written Soyangin pharmacology is the maintenance of Yin-Qi by selecting prescription of cold character. And when ${\ulcorner}$Sinchukbon${\lrcorner}$ was written, base sprit of Soyangin pharmacology was not changed. Pharmacology was added ascending-Yang and descending-Yin at a time.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.103-109
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• 2009

It was described in "Somun Jogyeongron" that Eum(Yin)-Yang' deficiency, excess and exuberance. According to "Somun Jogyeongron", It was known that the syndrome of Yang deficiency and exuberance is belong to external contraction, Eum deficiency and exuberance is belong to internal damage. The syndrome of Yang deficiency is belong to Gyejitang[contraction of wind] which constitutional weakness as the main etiological factor of deficiency conditions. The syndrome of Yang exuberance is belong to Mahwangtang[cold damage] which constitutional strong as the main etiological factor of exuberance conditions. Eum deficiency is so dysfunction of the spleen and stomach that Eum fluid and essence is not engender, distributed. So the dysfunction of spleen and stomach makes dampness-heat obstruction and then makes Internal heat at last. The syndrome of Eum deficiency is applicable to bojungikgitang. As contrasted with Eum deficiency, Eum exuberance is occurred cold-dampness obstruction, which we call 'Eum exuberance'. The syndrome of Yang exuberance is applicable to Ijungtang. In the light of "Somun Jogyongron", We explain that the syndrome of Yin deficiency and Yin exuberance, which was caused by dampness-heat, cold-dampness obstruction and internal damage based on disorder of the spleen and stomach.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2002.05b
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• pp.44-45
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• 2002

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.365-370
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• 2014

The intrinsic concepts of the three yin and three yang diseases in is unclear yet in spite of considerable controversy. In order to answer these problems, the structures of pathological transmission and anatomical terms used in the text were analyzed first. On these structural bases, the theoretical background and differential therapeutic principles of three yin and three yang disease classification. The organic structures frequently used in the text were heart, stomach, pancreas, blood chamber and urinary bladder, and the important regions in the transmission were chest, flank, epigastrium, abdomen, hypogastrium, groin on the other hand. When a host is invaded by extrinsic pathogen, an affinity is formed between the two based on the similarity of epidermal density condition and nutrient-defense features and existing disorders in the body. And then the symptoms show in 3 stages with 6 patterns in the general infective diseases. The initial stage is the period that the syndrome is limited in the external flesh area, and it mainly corresponds with taiyang bing besides the other exterior patterns of 3 yang and 2 yin bing. The middle stage is to the climax after the end of initial stage and it corresponds with mainly yangming bing including shaoyang and taiyin bing. In the terminal stage, the host gradually falls into exhaustive step or recovery phase, corresponding with shaoyin and jueyin bing. Conclusively, these dual meanings of three yang and yin should be a first guide and principle of treatment against various infective diseases.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.100-106
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• 2017

Objectives: This study aimed to assess a Qi Blood Yin Yang evaluation method systematically and objectively and to identify the correlation between the Qi Blood Yin Yang deficiency pattern (QBYYDP) and facial color. Methods: Thirty-seven participants (17 males, 20 females) were enrolled in this study. Twenty-four (10 males, 14 females) had ages from 40 to over 60, and 13 (7 males and 6 females) were in their twenties. After sufficient rest, facial images were taken with a camera. Based on the results from a questionnaire survey, we divided the participants into five groups: the normal and the Qi-, Blood-, Yin-, and Yang-deficient groups, after which the relationships between the L, 'a', and 'b' values in the Lab color system and the characteristics of the participants in each of the deficient groups were elucidated using a facial color analysis program. Results: The color analysis for Qi-deficient (QD) participants revealed that the L value was fairly decreased in comparison with the normal participants, but the 'a' and 'b' values were almost the same. A comparison between the normal and the Yang-deficient (YaD) groups revealed that the L values were somewhat lower compared to the normal group, but the 'a' and 'b' values were not statistically different. For the Yin-deficient (YiD) group, the L value was slightly lower compared to the normal group, but the 'a' and 'b' values were almost the same and the R values were slightly increased. For the Blood-deficient (BD) group, the L values were slightly increased compared to the normal group, but the 'a' and 'b' values were decreased slightly. Conclusion: This study obtained objective, reliable data for judging the QBYYDP by using facial images and a color analysis program. However, further study with at least 10 or more subjects in each of the deficient groups is necessary to confirm our findings.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.282-296
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• 2013

The study classified 83 obese adults by constitution and had them follow a strict diet according to their constitution in order to see if the Yin-Yang method would be effective on the metabolic syndrome, which is one of the main causes of death in Korea. Overall, the application of both Yin and Yang methods improved the following factors: weight, body fat percentage, systolic blood pressure, diastolic pressure, neutral fats and total cholesterol. In particular, the Yin constitution group of men showed more improvements than the Yang constitution group. Furthermore, waist circumference and the prevalence rate of systolic blood pressure, diastolic pressure, total cholesterol and metabolic syndrome were decreased noticeably. Total energy intake was increased in both men and women after the constitutional diet, along with the increase of nutrient intake, such as dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals, among others. Among various nutrients, vitamin A, vitamin C, thiamine, vitamin B6, folic acid, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and iron intake were increased noticeably after the constitutional diet. In addition, subjects' intake of all nutrients, except for magnesium, satisfied the nutrition intake standards. Further, the nutrients adequacy ratio (NAR) and the mean adequacy ratio (MAR) improved for both men and women. The intake of potatoes, starch, greens and mushrooms increased noticeably, whereas the intake of meat, dairy, drinks and alcohol decreased after the constitutional diet. For the Yin constitution, the intake of Yin foods noticeably decreased, where as the intake of Yang foods decreased for the Yang constitution. In conclusion, the constitutional diet effectively improves the metabolic syndrome. Among many nutrients, the intake of dietary fiber, vitamins A, C and E, potassium and magnesium is positively associated with the improvement of metabolic syndrome biomarkers.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.239-248
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to quantify kinematic and kinetic characteristics of Yin-yang Bo gait according to their motor expertise, one of the Seokmun Ilwol martial art gait patterns. Yin-yang Bo gait pattern shows initial forefoot contact instead of heel contact, and increased time of stance phase time, internal-external rotation of ankle-knee-hip joints and pelvic. It aims to produce and store the more energy through continuous homeostasis of center of gravity (COG) and performance of stretch-shortening cycle. Some of these characteristics also were similar to the gait modification strategies for reducing knee adduction moment such as toe-out progression, medial thrust, internal rotation of hip joint. To identify the characteristics, four factors of expert Yin-yang Bo gait performance group were compared to that of none expert group; 1) angles of COG displacement and rotation 2) distal joint pre-rotation in internal-external rotation of ankle-knee-hip joints and pelvic, 3) invariability pelvic potential and pelvic segment total energy 4) knee abduction moment. Six healthy(three male) subjects participated in the experiment to perform Yin-yang gait pattern. Three-dimensional and force plate data were collected. Kinematic and kinetic data were compared between two groups using t-tests. Results showed that 1) the peak point of COG internal rotation angle was reduced in expert group, 2) kneeexternal and hip joint -internal and pelvic rotation angle peak frames were more near points in expert group.

• Archives of design research
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• v.20
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• pp.231-240
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• 1997

In the every genre of arts we can find the oriental Yin-Yang idea which has been descended from olden time in the Orient. It arouses our big interest especially in the domain of design and plastic arts as well as in the every field of human culture, and its study and application will enrich the qualities of design and plastic arts. I think it is with the Yin-Yang idea that we have to chase to our own cultural activities to make differance from the others. Without it, we cannot advance any more the traditional heritage into better and higher state of level than the West, and our philosophy and spiritual activities be stagnant in the same cultural categories as oter countris have in common. The countries which have no distinguishing feature of their own are very easy to place themselves in the border of world culture, not in center of it only to give an immitatin of others. I would like to put great emphasis on Yin-Yang idea in the field of design and plastic arts because it will give newness and novelty to all the p대ple who are not familiar with the oriental Yin-Yang idea.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2011

The aim of the present study was to investigate the development of theory of the deficiency of yin-yang in the spleen-stomach(脾胃). The spleen-stomach theory is a very valuable composition of the oriental medicine. Its first theoretical basis was established by Li Dong Yuan(李東垣) who wrote Piweilun("脾胃論"). He insisted the importance of spleen yang(脾陽) which is the "postnatal base of life" by transforming and transporting of food essence and fluids and raises the clear. After him, his theory had influenced many descendant medical men. one of them, Ye Tian Shi(葉天士) found out the differences of between stomach and spleen. Especially he focused on the stomach yin(胃陰) which is easy to be exhausted by dry-fire(燥火). And he also made another remedy, "the stomach yang should be moved well(宣通胃陽)", which emphasize on that cold and stagnant cause the deficiency of the stomach yang. After that, spleen yin(脾陰) theory was set up by Tang Zong Hai(唐宗海). His spleen yin(脾陰) was deeply related with digestive enzymes and pancreas, because his theory was established by comparing oriental and western medicine. These four theories became the theoretical basis of the deficiency of yin-yang in the spleen-stomach(脾胃), and similar symptom of the spleen-stomach(脾胃) could be categorized according to the pattern identification(辨證) which was developed from these four theory.