• Title/Summary/Keyword: yellow flesh

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N-Nitrosamine Concentrations in Fish Distributed in a Domestic Market

  • Oh, Myung-Cheol;Oh, Chang-Kyung;Kim, Soo-Hyun
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.321-329
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    • 2003
  • In order to provide data on N-nitrosamine (NA) and sanitation in fish available in domestic markets, this study analyzed the levels of NA and its precursors in 9 samples of sea breams and yellow croakers, 12 samples of red-flesh fish, 38 samples of white fish, 5 samples of Alaska pollacks and cod, and 8 species of imported fish. Sea breams and yellow croakers had nitrite concentrations ranging from non-detectable (ND) to 7.4 mg/kg, red fish ND to 5.3 mg/kg, white fish ND to 18.7 mg/kg, Alaska pollacks 0.3 to 2.2 mg/kg, and imported fish from 0.4 to 12.8 mg/kg. Nitrates in sea breams and yellow croakers ranged from 1.2 to 41.19 mg/kg, red fish 0.6 to 26.1 mg/kg, white fish 4.3 to 75.9 mg/kg, Alaska pollacks 0.4 to 3.1 mg/kg, and imported fish ND to 16.0 mg/kg. DMA concentrations were 69.8 to 219.9 mg/l00 g in sea breams and yellow croakers, 4.1 to 336.3 mg/l00 g in red fish, 1.3 to 331.9 mg/l00 g in white fish, 15.7 to 312.3 mg/l00 g in Alaska pollacks, and 1.0 to 71.8 mg/l00 g in imported fish. TMA concentrations in sea breams and yellow croakers, red fish, white fish, Alaska pollacks and imported fish were 43.8∼496.2, 12.3∼127.0, 2.0∼525.9, 15.4∼122.4, and 4∼70.6 mg/l00 g, respectively. For NA in fish distributed in local markets, only N-nitro-sodimethylamine (NDMA) was detected, and its concentrations ranged from 4.7 to 73.7 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg in sea breams and yellow croakers, 2.2 to 56.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg in red fish, ND to 143 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg in white fish, 3.8 to 33.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg in Alaska pollacks, and 2.1 to 102.2 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg in imported fish.

Antioxidant Activities of Colored Sweet Potato Cultivars by Plant Parts

  • Boo, Hee-Ock;Chon, Sang-Uk;Kim, Sun-Min;Pyo, Byung-Sik
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.177-180
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    • 2005
  • Antioxidant activity of crude extracts from colored sweet potato cultivars by plant parts such as root, stem and leaf was evaluated. The highest TBARS values were obtained from root samples of sweet patato, and followed by stems and leaves, indicating that leaf sample showed the strongest antioxidant activity. Sweet potato cultivars with yellow flesh and leaf part exhibited strong antioxidant activities. Antioxidant activities of leaf and stem extracts were maintained for 21 days and were a little lower than that of BHT. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was the highest in "Sinhwangmi" leaf, and followed by "Jami" root. Chlorogenic acid was detected as the most abundant antioxidant substance among all fractions. These results suggest that the antioxidant activity of sweet potato differs depending on plant part and cultivar.

Adaptability and yield of Korean chipping potato varieties (Solanum tuberosum L.) in vietnam conditions

  • Luu, Thi thuy;Im, Seon yeong;Jeon, Young ji;Cho, Ji hong;Lee, Dong Jin
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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    • 2017.06a
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    • pp.309-309
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    • 2017
  • The experiments were carried out in open experimental field of Field Crops Research Institute, Hai Duong, Vietnam in Winter Spring seasons 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 for finding high yielding of Korean chipping potato varieties which are adaptable to Vietnam condition. Six varieties of Korean potato (G1, G2, G4, G10, B1, B2) were experimented. The control variety (G6) was Atlantic which has long been a standard chip variety. The results showed that, for a hill, there was positive correlation between number of stems and number of tubers. The hill yield also showed highly relation to the plant height and number of tubers. Even though the growth and yield of potatoes grown in the season 2016-2017 were significant higher than these of potatoes grown in the season 2015-2016, their percentages of tubers infected by scab disease were much higher. This is probably because of irregular soil moisture content at the tuber forming duration. While G1, G6 and B1 are white flesh varieties, the remaining are yellow flesh varieties. There are two shapes types among experimented varieties: oblong (G1, G10, B1) and round shape (G2, G4, G6, B2). The total yields of varieties G1, G2, B1, B2 were higher than the total yield of the control variety from 16.5-49.4% in the season 2015-2016 and from 39.8-75.6% in the season 2016-2017.

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Identification of new Breeding Lines by Prunus Persica Cultivar-Specific SCAR Primers (SCAR 마커 개발 및 이를 활용한 국내 육성 복숭아 품종 판별)

  • Han, Sang Eun;Cho, Kang-Hee;Nam, Eun Young;Shin, Il-Sheob;Kim, Chung Hee;Kim, Hyun Ran;Kim, Dae-Hyun
    • Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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    • v.42 no.5
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    • pp.495-501
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    • 2010
  • Peaches (Prunus persica) are less popular than the fresh fruits, because their flesh gets soft faster. So many breeders focused on their aim to firmness. Other breeders focused on juiciness, flavor and aroma. Breeding requires much labor, time and money. To reduce these requirements, many scientists develop many SSR, CAPS and SCAR makers. New peach varieties bred in our National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science (NIHHS) such as, Cheonhong, Suhong and Harhong are yellow flesh cultivars and Yumyeong, Baekmijosaeng, Baekhyang, Jinmi, Soomee, Mihong, Misshong and Yumee are white flesh cultivars. These peach cultivars are planted in orchard of Korea. To assert breeding cultivar patents and prevent patent disputes, we detected cultivar-specific DNA fragment using 235 sets of Operon RAPD primers, analyzed 134 DNA sequences and constructed SCAR primers. To confirm the cultivar-specific SCAR markers, we applied candidate SCAR primers to 30 peach cultivars widely cultivated in Korea. These selected lines are included father and mother lines that were used to develop new varieties in NIHHS. Using fourteen SCAR primer sets, we characterized thirty cultivars selected. The SCAR marker is expected to serve as molecular evidence distinguishing different peach varieties.

Contents of heavy metals in marine fishes, sold in Seoul (서울에 유통 중인 해산 어류의 부위별 중금속 분석)

  • Hwang, Yong Ok;Park, Seog Gee
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.342-351
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    • 2006
  • This study was carried out to estimate the contents of heavy metals in big marine 17 kinds of fishes (n=89) which had been sold at wholesale market in Seoul from January to December in 2005. The contents of mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chrome (Cr), copper (Cu) and arsenic (As) were measured by the mercury analyzer and atomic spectrophotometer (AAS) in the flesh, liver, and gill part. The values of heavy metals in fishes were as follows ($Mean{\pm}SD$, mg/kg). The average contents of heavy metals in the fishes were Hg $0.08{\pm}0.01mg/kg$, Pb $0.17{\pm}0.32mg/kg$, Cd $0.34{\pm}0.07mg/kg$, Cr $0.05{\pm}0.05mg/kg$, Cu $1.14{\pm}0.13mg/kg$, As $0.24{\pm}0.22mg/kg$. Of the heavy metals detected in 3 parts, liver was measured highly in the all heavy metals. Of the heavy metals detected in countries, Hg, Pb, and Cu were measured highly in New Zealand, Cd and As in Norway, Cr in Korea. The range of heavy metal contents in imported and domestic fishes are low level, except of mercury contents of imported Yellow porgy (n=2), compared with regulation value of anther nations and Korea. And the contents of heavy metal in the imported fishes are natural. By correlation coefficients between fish livers of all subjects, a significant correlation was found Hg (r=0.989, p<0.01), Pb (r=0.978, p<0.01), Cd (r=0.991, p<0.01), Cu (r=0.998, p<0.01), As (r=0.198, p<0.05) in fish livers and flesh.

'Cheonhong', a Nectarine with Resistance to Fruit Cracking and Russeting (열과(裂果) 및 동수발생(銅銹發生) 없는 천도(天桃) '천홍(天紅)')

  • Kang, Sang-Jo;Kim, Ho-Yeol;Chung, Kyeong-Ho;Kim, Whee-Cheon;Shin, Yong-Uk;Moon, Jong-Yeol;Kim, Jung-Ho
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.15-16
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    • 1999
  • 'Cheonhong'was released by the National Horticultural Research Institute in 1992 as a new mid-ripening, yellow-fleshed, and freestone nectarine variety, which originated from open-pollinated seeds of 'Garden State' nectarine collected in 1978. This was tested as 'Wonkyo Da-03' at 4 areas for 4 years from 1989. 'Cheonhong' is resistant to fruit cracking during rainy season and russeting. Fruits mature about 15 days before 'SunGlo' and have rich-flavor and good quality.

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A New Potato Cultivar "Early Valley", with High Yield and Early Maturity

  • Lim, H.T.;Dhital, S.P.;Khu, D.M.;Choi, S.P.;Kang, C.W.;Kim, T.J.;Mo, H.S.;Hwang, W.N.;Lee, W.J.
    • Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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    • v.41 no.1
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    • pp.61-67
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    • 2009
  • "Early Valley", is an early maturing potato cultivar with high yield potential. "Early Valley" is a clonal selection resulting from the cross between 'Suncrisp' and 'A87109-10'. It has medium plant height and light green foliage. "Early Valley" has medium flowering habit and white flowers. Tubers are smooth, yellow skin, light yellow flesh, round tuber shape, medium eye depth, and medium dormancy and good keeping quality. It has stable yield under wide range of climatic conditions. "Early Valley" is resistance to late blight, but moderately susceptible to common scab and hollow heart. This cultivar is also resistant to potato rotting at harvesting during the raining season. "Early Valley" has high level of antioxidant activity (about three times higher) and vitamin C (higher by 40%) than the 'Superior'. This cultivar has high level of tuber uniformity and capable of yielding 36.56 t/ha which is 17.07% higher than the control potato cultivar 'Superior' under optimum agronomical practices.

The Study on Aging (노화(老化)에 대한 연구(硏究) (황제내경(黃帝內經)을 중심으로))

  • Baek, Sang-Ryong
    • Journal of Korean Medical classics
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.176-183
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    • 1999
  • Each life has its own properties that distinguish one another. With this property, Oriental medicine suggests original diagnosis and treament. Our process of aging shows typical outline of cycle, i. e. from one's birth to death. Understanding the life cycle of men gives us very good hint to predict one's state of health, possible diseases, characteristics of disease in each term of his/her life cycle. It's because body and mode of diseases change according to age. Aging starts when $\breve{U}$m Essence(陰精)-the essence one receive from parents-dries up or when Deficient Fire(虛火) soars. Parts that compose our body-bones, muscles, flesh, etc.-gradually weaken and worn out as they no longer get support from Yang-Ki(陽氣), In "Yellow Emperor's Classic", aging starts around one's forties when $\breve{U}$m Essence(陰精) is reduced to less than half. However, what is usually accepted is that women start aging from 49 and men 64, regarding significant geriatric disease. As it is mentioned, aging starts with exhaustion of $\breve{U}$m Essence(陰精) which results in soaring Deficient Fire. Main symptoms are weak mental state due to Sin(神) disorder, and weak physical state due to Spleen and Stomacn(脾胃) disorder. Main principle in treating and preventing diseases related to aging is preserving $\breve{U}$m Essence(陰精), as well as fortifying Ki and Blood(氣血). To do this, Lung(肺)-which collects $\breve{U}$m Essence(陰精), and Kidney(腎) stores-which stores $\breve{U}$m Essence(陰精).

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Studies on the Natural Pigments (Part I) -Contents and Properties of Gardenia Jasminoides Ellis Pigment- (천연색소(天然色素)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)제1보(第一報) -치자색소(梔子色索)의 함량(含量) 및 성질(性質)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)-)

  • Kim, Dong-Yun;Kim, Kwan
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.98-101
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    • 1975
  • The components of Gardenia pigment in rind, flesh, fresh fruit and stored fruit, its heat resistance and stability in pH, its dilution and colour-degree were studied. The results are summarized as follows; 1. The components of CROCIN in fresh fruit and stored fruit were 0.0157% and 0.0136% respectively. One year storage of stored fruit resulted in the decrease of 15% of CROCIN. 2. The components of Gardenia pigment in flesh were contained nearly twice as much as in rind. 3. There were traces of ${\beta}-carotene$ and some unknown carotenoid pigments. 4. Gardenia pigment was stable at $100^{\circ}C$ for 60 minutes, but, at $150^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes, nearly half of them was destructed. 5. Gardenia pigment turned to colurless but was stable in neutral or alkali condition after 10 days. 6. Supercially, dark Gardenia pigment looked yellowish red and thin Gardenia pigment looked yellow: however, each ${\lambda}_{max}$. was all the same.

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Fruit Morphology, Citrulline, and Arginine Levels in Diverse Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Germplasm Collections

  • Awraris Derbie Assefa;On-Sook Hur;Na-Young Ro;Jae-Eun Lee;Ae-Jin Hwang;Bit-Sam Kim;Ju-hee Rhee;Jung Yoon Yi;Ji Hyun Kim;Ho-Sun Lee;Jung-Sook Sung;Myung-Kon Kim;Jae-Jong Noh
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2020.08a
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    • pp.33-33
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    • 2020
  • Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is a non-seasonal, economically important, cucurbit cultivated throughout the world with Asia as a continent contributing the most. As part of the effort in diversifying watermelon genetic resources in the already cultivated group, this study was devoted to providing baseline data on morphological quality traits and health-beneficial phytonutrients of watermelon germplasm collections, thereby promoting watermelon research and cultivation programs. To this end, we reported morphological traits, citrulline, and arginine levels of watermelon genetic resources obtained from the gene bank of Agrobiodiversity Center, Republic of Korea, and discussed the relationship between each other. Diverse characteristics were observed among many of the traits. But, most of the genetic resources (>90%) were either red or pink-fleshed. Korean origin fruits contained intermediate levels of soluble solid content (SSC) while The USA, Russian, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Taiwan, and Uruguay originated had generally the highest levels of soluble solids. The citrulline and arginine contents using HPLC method were ranged from 6.9 to 52.1 mg/g (average, 27.3 mg/g) and 1.8 to 21.3 mg/g (average, 9.8 mg/g), respectively. The citrulline content determined using Citrulline Assay Kit was ranged from 6.5 to 42.8 mg/g (average, 27.0 mg/g). Resources with high citrulline and arginine levels contained low SSC. Whereas, red- and pink-colored flesh samples had less citrulline compared to yellow and orange. In addition to the profiling of morphological characters and phytonutrients, molecular marker characterization and identification of sources of resistance to diseases and pests are recommended for a more complete diversity analysis of watermelon genetic resources.

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