• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.306-312
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• 2005

This work looks into the behaviour of the twill weave woven fabrics during relaxation (when the weaving tension is released). Ten, 50-metre rolls of twill weave woven fabrics were produced. The fabrics were marked in a rectangular form at the weaving loom. After 48 hours of relaxation, the new shapes and sizes were recorded. The shapes of almost all of the samples were changed to parallelogram, even though they differed in size. The work showed that the manner of fabric deformation during relaxation depends upon the fabric structure. It indicates that contraction due to relaxation of the twill weave causes the woven fabric to skew. in the direction of the twill. The quantity of the skewness is related to the float length and the twill type. Fabrics with longer float length have higher skewness.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.5-11
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• 2006

This study was performed to determine the effect of structural characteristics of selected wool fabrics on mechanical and thermal properties. 52 wool fabrics, including 18 plain woven fabrics and 34 twill and satin woven fabrics were used as samples woven with various weft density for the study. Several physical characteristics such as mechanical properties, keeping warmth ratio of wool fabrics were measured. Data analyses including 1) analysis of tactile and thermal comfort sensation were performed. the following were obtained from the results: The main factors affecting keeping warmth ratio were thickness and bulk density. The keeping warmth ratio of samples increased with increasing thickness and decreasing bulk density of samples. In addition, coefficient of friction of the samples increased with keeping warmth ratio of samples. The above results show that wearing sensation and comfort properties of fabrics are changed depending on the end-use, and thus, above results can be used to manufacture of fabrics for specific end-use with high comfort properties.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.272-278
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to research about Dobby weave design using Computer-Aided Weaving System. For performing this design study, first, it was researched the characteristics of the classified woven fabrics, weaving processing, structure of Dobby loom, and Computer-Aided Dobby Weaving system theoretically. To develop Dobby woven design, Patternland Weave Simulator(U.S.A) for computer weave system was used. Among the developed Dobby woven designs by computer weaving system, mainly three of them were selected and woven into Dobby loom. To see the visual image of the fabric end-use, some of the scanned Dobby fabrics were simulated to the three-dimensional virtual images by Alias CAD system. The result of this study can be summarized as follows. Before the step of weaving Dobby fabrics on the woven design works, Computer-Aided Weaving system can be done very easily to apply the design step of Dobby woven fabrics, specially in case of the complicated woven structure. Also the usage of the simulation CAD system in visual image of the final products, ultimately can be saved cost and developed the higher value-added goods in more response to consumer demands.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.121-127
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• 2010

This study is to optimize the enzyme(lipase) activity for biodiesel production. The ion-exchanged non-woven fabrics(EtA, DEA-EtA non-woven fabric) containing ethanolamine, diethylamine groups are used by radiation induced grafted polymerization onto a non-woven fabric for more effective immobilization of lipase. Since the porous hollow fiber membranes are showed the low throughputibehe non-woven fabric membranes are used for biodiesel production. The physical charateristics of enzyme immobilized and the enzyme activity to EtA and DEA-EtA non-woven fabrics are studied. The EtA non-woven fabrics are quite similar to DEA-EtA non-woven fabric for the amount of enzyme immobilized(EtA non-woven fabric:15.69 mg/g, DEA-EtA non-woven fabric:14.45 mg/g) but DEA-EtA non-woven fabrics have shown the lower permeabiliquite the organic solvent than the EtA non-woven fabrics(EtA non-woven fabric:$3.50mol/h{\cdot}kg$, DEA-EtA non-woven fabric:$0.38mol/h{\cdot}kg$). Optimum characteristics of ehe non-woven fabric membranes and the limilaractivity are also investigated for the effective biodiesel production.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.47-57
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• 1986

The purpose of this study is to investigate fatigue phenomema of woven fabric. In order to obtain the basic data which is available for predicting the fabric fatigue phenomena, the change of mechanical properties of woven fabrics caused by the wearing and the changes of mechanical properties of woven fabrics which were subjected to repeated tensile-shearing deformation using fabric testing machine has been investigated and compared. The fatigue of woven fabrics was examined with the value of basic mechanical properties of specimens measured by the KES-F fabric testing system and their hand value and wearing ability. The results were as follows. 1) The fatigue phenomena of woven fabrics by the wearing for 800 hours are different on the position of the body: On the portion of hip, the change of surface property was the greatest, bending hysterisis was greatly increased, thickness weight, stiffness, fullness shearing hysterisis were more increased than original fabric and T.H.V. was decreased. On the portion of knee, decreasing of tensile resilience and increasing of bending, shearing hysterisis were observed greater than any other part, and increasing of stiffness, crispness was more than original fabric. On the bottom area, the changes of mechanical property was comparatively small, H.V. and T.H.V. showed near the value of the original fabric. 2) By drycleaning most of mechanical properties showed the tendency to recover the value of the original fabric, but bending hysterisis and thickess were increased, tensile and com-pression resilience were decreased more than original fabric in all parts. 3) The fatigue phenomena caused by fabric fatigue testing machine were as follows. The decreasing of hystersis in the repeated deformation such as bending, shearing was appeared at the $10^2$ deformation, but with the increasing cycle, the tendency was slightly regained. Handle value was also appeared the lowest value at the $10^2$ deformation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.26-34
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to create a database of information on the mechanical properties of two different waterproof and breathable shell fabric groups(high density woven and PTFE laminate) used for outdoor apparel and to compare and correlate data of their mechanical properties and hand values. The results of this study were as follows; There were no statistically significant differences between two fabric groups in extension, bending and shearing properties. There were statistically significant differences between two fabric groups in MMD, SMD, LC and we values. High density woven fabrics had smoother surface than PTFE laminated fabrics. PTFE laminated fabrics can be compressed easily more than high density woven fabrics but their recovery after compression was not better than high density woven fabrics. There were statistically significant differences between two fabric groups in NUMERI, FUKURAMI. There was statistically significant difference between two fabric groups in total hand value. Total hand value and mean deviation of MIU had a very high and statistically significant negative correlation coefficient.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.448-458
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• 2010

Kenaf has a rigid and rough touch that inhibits the use of it as a textile material; therefore, this study developed a novel textile material using kenaf. Kenaf and cotton were blended in the ratio of 3:7 and manufactured as 20' spun yarn that was compared to 20's spun yarn made of 100% cotton. Both kenaf/cotton-blended and 100% cotton spun yarn were constructed as plain woven and knitted fabrics. Four kinds of fabrics were prepared as follows. Plain kenaf/cotton-woven fabrics, plain cotton-woven fabrics, kenaf/cotton jersey, and cotton jersey. A cellulase washing process was carried out to reduce the character of kenaf/cotton-blended fabrics, rigid, and rough touch. All fabrics were pretreated with NaOH. NaOH at the concentrations of 0, 0.25, 1.25, and 2.25mol/L, and cellulase at concentrations of 0, 1, 3 and 5g/L were used since the pretreatment of NaOH has a higher efficiency of weight loss than $Na_2CO_3,\;K2CO_3$ and Triton X-100. The ratio of weight loss, tensile strength, stiffness, drape property, and surface appearance were measured in order to evaluate the efficiency of the washing treatment on fabrics. Kenaf/cotton-blended fabrics exhibited more rigid and rough features than cotton fabrics. A cotton jersey showed significant differences in the degree of stiffness and drape properties. When all fabrics were treated with 1.25mol/L of NaOH and 3g/L of cellulase, kenaf/cotton-blended fabrics showed a higher retention ratio of tensile strength than cotton fabrics after washing despite the increased weight l08s of kenaf-blended fabrics compared to cotton fabrics. The ratio of weight loss for all fabrics was well correlated with flexibility. The washing treatment process made woven fabrics more flexible than knitted fabrics, because the stiffness of woven fabrics made the rubbing actions stronger. Kenaf/cotton-blended fabrics showed a significantly higher ratio of weight loss and more reduction in stiffness than cotton fabrics after the washing treatment. This might be due to the lack of cohesiveness and easy elimination from fabrics. The drape property of kenaf-blended fabrics was superior to cotton fabrics.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 2001

In this study, the fabrics were woven with worsted grams of Nm 2/72 and the structure of 5 harness satin on rapier and air-jet loom with different weft insertion mechanism and then fabrics were finished in the same processes. Also the physical properties were measured with KES-FB system and discussed with the characteristics of looms for comparing the difference of physical properties of the worsted fabrics which were woven with two different looms under the same structure. Pot shearing and compression properties, then showed similar behavior and the fabric finishing processes were seemed to affect much more than the difference of the loom types. For the surface roughness, the rapier fabrics showed higher irregularity than the air-jet fabrics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.13 no.3 s.31
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• pp.259-267
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• 1989

In this paper, the fabric specimen undergoes repeated laundering under given condition. After this cyclic laundering was applied, the crease recoveries of the specimen were measured using shirley crease revovery tester in order to evaluate the effect of factors at given condition during crease deformation. 5 samples of grey plain cloth were desized, alkali-scoured, bleached, whased with water, and air-dried. All tests were made on samples preconditioned to $65\%\;RH\;and\;20^{\circ}C$. The experimental results were analysed statistically to relate crease recoveries and the properties of smaples, recovery periods (time) of crease. Furthermore, the crease recoveries of core-spun yarn woven fabrics were discussed in comparison with those values for $100\%$ combed cotton yarn woven fabric and $65\%$ polyester $35\%$ carded cotton blended yarn woven fabric. The results obtained are as follows; 1. Regardless of materials, remarkable decrease are observed in crease recoveries about 1-5 cycles of the repeated laundering, but slack decrease are observed in crease recoveries after 5 cycle of the re-peated laundering. 2. Crease recoveries ($\alpha$) of core-spun yarn woven fabrics are relate to recovery periods (t) of crease as follows; log$\alpha$=0.01415 log t+2.1168 ($r^2=0.94$) 3. Core-spun yarn woven fabrics were superior to $100\%$ combed cotton yarn woven fabrics and $65\%$ polyester $35\%$ carded cotton blended yarn woven fabric in crease recoveries. 4. Crease recoveries ($\alpha$) of core-spun yarn woven fabrics are relate to cover factor (CF), thickness (T) at pressure 0.5 $gf/cm^2$, weight (W) as follows; log$\alpha$=-0.3482 log CF-0.4924 log T-0.4727 W+2.4243 ($r^2=0.88$) 5. Crease recoveries ($\alpha$) of core-spun yarn woven fabrics are relate to 2HB/B, 2HB/W, $\sqrt[3]{B/W}$, WC/T which are concerning to formation of weared clothes and bending Iran formation behavior as follows: log $\alpha$=0.0091 2HB/B+0.4667 2HB/W+0.0185 $\sqrt[3]{B/W}$+0.0114 WC/T+1.8433 ($r^2=0.86$)

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1008-1016
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• 2014

This study aims to analyze the changes in the mechanical properties of woven fabrics(cotton, linen, wool, silk, and polyester) by bonding fusible interlinings with varying deniers(10D, 20D, and 30D) for a 3D virtual try-on system(one that a user to try garments through screens using Avatar) developed over the last decade. We experimented with four mechanical properties and thicknesses of twenty-three specimens of interlining bonded fabrics including face fabrics and interlinings by using the KES-FB-AUTO system. The results showed that the tensile property increased(LT and RT increased and WT decreased) as the denier of the interlining increased; however, the change was slight. In contrast, the bending and shear properties increased significantly as the denier of the interlining increased on both the warp and the weft. This showed evidence that the interlining gives the fabrics size stability. The compression property was slight changed as the tensile property varies depending on the fibers and the denier of interlining. As expected, the thickness increased by bonding the interlining as the denier of interlining increased. From these results, we conclude that 3D users need to reflect these changes of woven fabrics by bonding interlinings when they try screen fittings to accurately express the fabric reality of manufactured garment.