• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.210-212
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• 2013

The construction cost estimates during the design phase becomes the standard to judge profitability and validity, and is very important in various decision-makings by project owner. However, since approximate costs are quoted when many parts are undecided in the early stage of project, differences are bound to occur between the construction cost calculated through approximate quotation and that put into construction actually. Also, since in existing quotation works, quantity calculations have been dependent on the staff's manual work, involving error potential, and thus differences are likely in quantity calculation depending on the quotation staff's method of calculation. In this study, the process of creating space model to deduce 3D geometry information for approximate quotation in association with knowledge information and the expression for calculation of finishing area were proposed.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1389-1408
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• 2021

Proof-of-Work (PoW) is the first and still most common consensus protocol in blockchain. But it is costly and energy intensive, aiming at addressing these problems, we propose a consensus algorithm named Proof-of-Work-and-Block-Compression (PoW-BC). PoW-BC is an improvement of PoW to compress blocks and adjust consensus parameters. The algorithm is designed to encourage the reduction of block size, which improves transmission efficiency and reduces disk space for storing blocks. The transaction optimization model and block compression model are proposed to compress block data with a smaller compression ratio and less compression/ decompression duration. Block compression ratio is used to adjust mining difficulty and transaction count of PoW-BC consensus protocol according to the consensus parameters adjustment model. Through experiment and analysis, it shows that PoW-BC improves transaction throughput, and reduces block interval and energy consumption.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.45-53
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• 2015

The concept of universal design has become an essential requirement for environmental design, due to the growing population of the aged, and the increasing needs of people with disabilities. This study aims to propose a universal design guideline for apartment housing units that can be adapted to both a general household and a household with elderly or disabled individuals. This design process encompasses literary reviews, and includes the measurements of the dimensions and facilities of currently available apartment housing. The three domestic universal guidelines were reviewed, and a universal design checklist for apartment housing units was developed. Afterward, the individual elements and inclusive factors of universal design, for apartment housing units, were collected and examined according to the each functional space within the home. The results and conclusions are as follows: 1) The factors of universal design are diversified by the division of the functional spaces within the home, such as the private space, the work space and the entertaining space. 2) Due to the lack of space and storage, wheelchairs cannot be used in most currently available apartment types; this problem can be resolved by applying flexibility and optional adaptation. The solutions for the above are additional design factors that will enable more convenient usage and elaborate design.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.116-123
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• 2011

How to see nature and how to define the relation between nature and the human certainly influence fundamental attitude toward nature and any results derived from the attitude. Therefore, in order to figure out a way for how the humans and nature should coexist, the thesis has began a philosophical analysis on the origin of the biomimetics. Based on findings from the analysis, the thesis would work on the features of biomimicry space, presenting related possibilities. For the philosophical characteristic of the thesis which was an ecological world view, introduced at the end of mechanical world view era, the ideas of Spinoza, Nietzsche, Bergson and Deleuze about nature were quoted. Based on what the philosophers have said, the thesis looks into successful ideas, designs and ways of living that nature has shown by itself. After all, the purpose of the thesis is to investigate the constantly changing space of the biomimetics by organic forms, autonomous systems and dividing programs. Based on this, nine cases were analyzed to derive the characteristics. As a result, organic forms, autonomous systems and dividing programs characteristics of ecological appear simultaneously in harmony. Biomimicry space can coexist with nature and the human is an effective way.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.403-409
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• 2015

The Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), a dedicated regional Japanese satellite system currently under development, was designed to complement the performance of the Global Positioning System (GPS). The high elevation angle of the QZSS satellite is expected to enhance the effectiveness of GPS in urban environments. Thus, the work described in this paper, aimed to investigate the effect of QZSS on GPS performance, by processing the GPS and QZSS measurements recorded at the Bohyunsan reference station in South Korea. We used these data, to evaluate the satellite visibility, carrier-to-noise density (C/No), performance of single point positioning, and Dilution of Precision (DOP). The QZSS satellite is currently available over South Korea for 19 hours at an elevation angle of more than 10 degrees. The results showed that the impact of the QZSS on users' vertical positioning is greatest when the satellite is above 80 degrees of elevation. As for Precise Point Positioning (PPP) performance, the combined GPS/QZSS kinematic PPP was found to improve the positioning accuracy compared to the GPS only kinematic PPP.

• Archives of design research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.83-92
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• 1998

If the Industrial Revolution had been the first industrial revolution. our 21st century will witness a second industrial Revolution. Namely. we will attest to a revolution whereby we will be freed from brain work by automation systems. computers and artificial intelligence. The technological revolution of the Information society has also resulted in various changes in the area of design. Designers almost depend on the newest computers of advanced functions to drastically reduce the production time. maximize the effects. save the cost and differentiate the design products for a stronger competitiveness. Accordingly. the media of design expression are changing. In short. the design works which had been done on the plane are now being expressed on the three-dimensional cyber space. Thus, this study alms to review the effects. positive and negative. of such a trend on the design.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.393-398
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• 2008

This paper suggests a GPS/INS navigation computer architecture that can be applied to small satellites. In order to implement a GPS/INS navigation system on a small satellite, the extreme environment in space such as radiation, micro-gravity, vacuum, etc. must be considered. In addition, a real-time processing ability is required for the GPS/INS navigation system since the formation flying of multiple small satellites is the ultimate goal. The developed navigation electronics utilizes a PowerPC-type MPC860T that has space environment heritage, and a pair of Atmega128s that has been implemented in KAUSAT-2 and has completed the space environment verification tests. The navigation algorithm is designed to work in VxWorks environment, ported in MPC860T.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.82-91
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• 2008

After modernism, artistic movements such as Cubism, Futurism, De stijl and Bauhaus demonstrated a connection to architecture and other plastic arts and developed a tendency towards a synthetic art. Above all, the unification of painting and architecture is the most noticeable point; a blueprint and a multi-coloring space that are applied on 3-dimensions painting brought new dimensions into relief. Following this artistic trend, it is easy to point out that Le Corbusier's works; which were created under the name of Charles Edouard Jeanneret, show the pictorial peculiarity in the Space Design. Even if white space that he has designed under the slogan such as standardization and mechanization, the variety and metamorphism that he has tried to express on his work have widely been recognized. Especially, his late architectural works were produced as the figurative arts expressing the ambiguity of painting and hence led a step towards a synthetic art. The study analyses Le Corbusier's 2-dimensional Painting as well as his 3-dimensional Space Design. Furthermore, it aims at embarking on the unification of painting and architecture in terms of Le Corbusier's synthetic design philosophy.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.259-267
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• 2004

The practice of introducing and grouting reinforced fiber glass pipes or bar into the core to be excavated to maintain stable the tunnel face during excavation has been applied to many tunnels, where difficult geotechnical conditions are present, with good results in terms of safety and speed of works. This reinforcing technique, initially developed to be used jointly with the mechanical precut in clay, has been widely used with other geotechnical conditions as the only type of reinforcement or joined with other ground consolidation and/or reinforcement techniques (i.e. steel pipes or jet-grouting umbrella). At present same numerical researches have been carried out to find which are the real working conditions of the reinforcing elements but no final results have been obtained for the definition of the best design approaches. In this work the results of a three dimensional parametric numerical model is presented.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 1992.10a
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• pp.15-15
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• 1992

AQ Cassiopeiae (BD+61`0242, uv=10, Sp=B3+Bg) is a totally eclipsing binary system with the obital period of about 12 days. 71 was observed for 15 nights in 1985 with the1.8-m telescope at the DAO, employing a Reticon and a three-stage image tube attached to the spectrograph. And also, photometric observations of AQ Cas had been made inUBv for six years from 1982 to 1988 at Yonsei University Observatory(YUO). This work includes UBV observations obtained at YUO as a part of The Ten-Year Observing Program(1982-1992). Double lined radial, velocity curves and Ufv light curves of AQC as are constructed. The light curves and radial velocity curves show a strong evidence of circumstellar matter or mass stream. It is clear at the phases of just outside externaleclipse contacts, particularly at phase 0.8-0.9, shown in Figures 1 and 2. A solution by combining the radial velocity and photometric curves of the binary was obtained with the Wilson-Devinney Code. We found that the system is semi-detached with the coolcomponent filling its Roche lobe. The absolute dimensions of AQ Cas are calculated. The result shows that this system consists of two massive and subgiant stars.