• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.90-99
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• 2020

This study aimed to screen for plants with antimicrobial potential among the evergreen woody species of South Korea that are used for horticulture and landscaping and to provide basic information about plants with proven antimicrobial activity to underpin future research. The plant materials were extracted under various conditions, and the antimicrobial activities of the extracts were evaluated by agar diffusion assay. The screening tests demonstrated that the crude extracts of 43 species had inhibitory effects against S. aureus. The inhibitory activities of four species (Elaeocarpus sylvestris, Camellia japonica, Cleyera japonica, and Quercus salicina) were relatively higher than that of the synthetic antimicrobial agents methylparaben and phenoxyethanol. The highest inhibitory activity was observed with the leaf extracts (extracted with methanol for 30 minutes) of E. sylvestris, based on induction of the largest inhibition zone of 23.3 mm in size. In addition, solvent fractions of E. sylvestris were evaluated. The largest inhibitory zone of 23.1 mm was observed for the n-butanol fraction, which is likely to contain effective compounds that exhibit inhibitory activity against S. aureus. In contrast, n-hexane and residual aqueous fractions showed no antimicrobial activity. Overall, our findings confirm that evergreen woody plants native to South Korea have potential antimicrobial activity.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.36-42
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• 2004

Inhibitors of α-amylase are important for the treatment of diabetes and obesity. Using enzyme inhibitor's activity, ethanolic extracts of 87 species in 12 families were screened and compared their inhibitory effect on α-amylase, As a results, we can find that extracts of Distylium racemosum, Acer tegmentosum, Corylapsis veitchiana, Cornus walteri and Corylapsis spicata showed higher α-amylase inhibitory activities than the others and have potential possibility of using control agents for carbohydrate-dependent disease.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.330-341
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• 2018

본 연구는 무좀균(Trichophyton mentagrophytes)에 대한 상록성 목본 추출물의 항균활성을 조사하고 측정하기 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위해 완도와 제주도에서 채집한 잎과 줄기를 용매(증류수, 80% 에탄올, 100% 메탄올)와 초음파 처리시간(15, 30, 45분)을 달리하여 추출하여 실험에 사용하였다. 실험은 한천확산법을 사용하여, 박테리아 배지에 식물 추출물이 함유된 종이디스크를 배양한 뒤클리어존(생육억제환)을 측정하였다. 대조군은 합성항균제인 methylparaben과 phenoxyethanol 0.4, 1, 2, 4 mg/disc에 농도로 사용하였다. 연구에 사용된 64종 중 56종의 추출물에서 클리어존이 보여, 무좀균에 대한 항균작용을 확인할 수 있었다. 그 중 담팔수는 에탄올에 45분간 추출한 처리구에서 20.2 mm, 육박나무는 80% 에탄올로 30분간 추출한 처리구에서 23.5 mm의 클리어존을 나타냈다. 또한 붉가시나무, 황칠나무 및 서향의 잎 추출물은 각각 28.0 mm (80% 에탄올 45분 추출), 20.5 mm (100% 메탄올 45분 추출) 및 19.7 mm (100% 메탄올 45분 추출)의 클리어존이 조사되었다. 따라서, 이러한 결과는 상록성 목본 추출물의 무좀균에 대한 치료 가능성을 확인할 수 있었으며, 항균물질이 많이 함유한 식물소재를 얻기 위해서는 식물의 적정 추출조건을 고려해야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.499-503
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• 2007

Antioxidant activity, total phenolics level and cytotoxicity of the methanol extracts from the young sprouts of 5 Korean woody salad plants were determined. Methanol extracts of Kalopanax pictus had the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity, with an $IC_{50}$ value of 23.5mg $100g^{-1}$, and followed by Valeriana fauriei(43.1mg $100g^{-1}$), and Morus alba(>100mg $100g^{-1}$). Total phenolic content showed the highest amount in methanol extracts from Kalopanax pictus(23.7mg $100g^{-1}$), and followed by Valeriana fauriei(22.7mg $100g^{-1}$), Aralia elata(16.8mg $100g^{-1}$) and Morus alba(14.2mg $100g^{-1}$). In a MTT assay, methanol extracts of Aralia elata with $IC_{50}$ values of 151.0 and $140.7{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ showed the most potent cytotoxicity on Calu-6 and MCF-7, respectively. On the other hand, methanol extracts of Kalopanax pictus($IC_{50}=96.5{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$) showed the highest activity against HCT-116, and followed by those of Aralia elata($123.3{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$), and Actinidia arguta($162.0{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$). Total phenolic content of the tested plant extracts was correlated with the DPPH radical scavenging activity, suggesting the phenolic compounds may contribute to the antioxidant properties of Korean salad plants.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.142-146
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• 2004

Woody plant tissues contain great amounts of phenolic compounds and polysaccharides. These substances inhibit the activation of reverse transcriptase and/or Taq polymerase in RT-PCR. The commonly used multiple-step protocols using several additives to diminish polyphenolic compounds during nucleic acid extraction are time consuming and laborious. In this study, sodium sulfite was evaluated as an additive for nucleic acid extraction from woody plants and the efficiency of RT-PCR assay of commercial nucleic acid extraction kits and small-scale dsRNA extraction was compared. Sodium sulfite was used as an inhibitor against polyphenolic oxidases and its effects were compared in RNA extraction by commercial extraction kit and small-scale double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) extraction method for RT-PCR. During nucleic acid extraction, addition of 0.5%-1.5%(w/v) of sodium sulfite to lysis buffer or STE buffer resulted in lighter browning by oxidation than extracts without sodium sulfite and improved the RT-PCR detection. When commercial RNA extraction kit was used, optimal concentrations of sodium sulfite were variable according to the tested plant. However, with dsRNA as RT-PCR template, sodium sulfite 1.5% in STE buffer improved the detection efficiency of Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) and Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) in fruit trees, and reduced the unspecific amplifications signi-ficantly. Furthermore, when viruses existed at low titers in host plant, small-scale dsRNA extractions were very reliable.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.271-275
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• 2007

Naturally occurring substances are important biomedical resources with low toxicity and ethnopharmacology-based efficacy. Four out of 45 extracts (Celastrus orbiculatus, Cercis chinensis, Stephanadra incisa, and Weigela subsessilis) prepared from the bark of Korea Forest plants exhibited more than 50% of inhibition on $TNF-{\alpha}$ production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells at $100\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. In particular, potential inhibitory components of 4 extracts showed more than 50% inhibition seemed to be concentrated in methylene chloride (MC) fraction from C. orbiculatus, in ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction from C. chinensis and in hexane (Hx) fraction from S. incisa, whereas inhibitory activities of W. subssilis were broadly seen in non-polar solvent fractions such as Hx, MC and EtOAc. Therefore, our results suggest that extracts from C. orbiculatus, C. chinensis, S. incisa and W. subsessilis may be developed as a therapeutic remedy against $TNF-{\alpha}-mediated$ diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or further fractionated to isolate active components having $antiTNF-{\alpha}$ inhibitory activity.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.139.1-139
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• 2003

Tissues from woody plant contain higher amount of phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, which give inhibitory effects on reverse transcriptase and/or Taq ploymerase. The common multiple-step protocols using several additives to inhibit polyphenoic compounds during nucleic acid extraction are time consuming and laborious. Sodium sulfite (Na$_2$SO$_3$) was used as inhibitor of polyphenolic oxidases in extraction buffer and compare it's effect between commercial RNA extraction kit and small-scale double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) extraction by RT-PCR. During nucleic acid extraction procedure, addition of 0.5％-1.5％ (w/v) sodium sulfite to Iysis buffer or STE buffer resulted in lighter color change than extracts without sodium sulfite and improve the RT-PCR detection. When commercial RNA extraction kit used, optimal concentration of sodium sulfite were variable according to the host plant. However, using dsRNA as RT-PCR template, 1.5％ sodium sulfite in STE buffer improves the detection of both viruses and unspecific amplifications were reduced significantly, Furthermore, when viruses existed at low titers in host plant, small-scale dsRNA extractions were very reliable.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.8-17
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• 2004

수목을 보다 효율적으로 이용하기 위해 항산화제, 식품첨가제 및 농약 개발에 필요한 항균 및 항산화활성을 검정하였다. 즉, 65와 263종의 수목을 목부, 잎 및 수피로 나누어 에탄올로 추출한 후 항진균활성은 균사생장억제율을, 항세균활성은 생육저지환직경을 그리고 항산화활성은 프리라디칼소거능을 측정하여 검정하고 과별에 따른 활성을 비교하였다. 그 결과 항진균활성 우수수종으로는 소나무와 수종 5종(잣나무, 소나무, 리기다소나무, 개잎갈나무, 방크스소나무), 측백나무와 수종 3종(노간주나무, 향나무, 편백) 그리고 콩과 수종 3종(자귀나무, 다릅나무, 회화나무)이 각각 선발되었다. 항세균활성은 자작나무와 6종(개서어나무, 소사나무, 산오리나무, 서어나무, 박달나무, 사방오리나무), 참나무과 5종(구실잣밤나무, 졸참나무, 갈참나무, 신갈나무, 밤나무), 대극과 4종(유동, 오구나무, 예덕나무, 사람주나무) 그리고 보리수나무와 3종(보리수나무, 보리밥나무, 보리장나무)이 활성이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 느릅나무와의 느티나무, 소나무과의 소나무, 콩과의 다릅나무, 측백나무와의 편백 및 향나무는 항진균 및 항세균활성이 공히 우수한 것으로 나타나 향후 생물농약 및 천연보존제 개발에 이용이 가능할 것으로 사료되었다. 항산화활성을 검정한 결과 96% 이상의 프리라디칼소거능을 나타낸 시료는 장미과에 속하는 식물이 8종(비파나무, 섬벚나무, 왕벚나무, 귀룽나무, 살구나무, 모과나무, 국수나무, 찔레꽃)으로 가장 많았으며 그 다음이 진달래과로 총 5종(진달래, 철쭉꽃, 산철쭉, 모새나무, 정금나무)이었다. 한편, 공시시료로 사용된 장미과 시료 총 48종 중에 6종만 라디칼 소거능이 80%이하인 것으로 나타나 항산화활성과 관련된 성분이 장미과 식물 공통으로 존재할 기능성이 시사되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.317-323
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• 1993

화성억제재배한 참당귀(Angelica gigas Nakai)의 근에서 약효성분함량을 구명하기 위하여 주요약효성분인 조추출물(엑스), Decursin 및 Decursinol angelate 등을 정량분석하여 연근ㆍ부위 및 생육단계별로 비료하였고, 또한 추대와 개화에 따른 근의 본질화 진행특성을 조사하기 위하여 목질 화세포, 중심주의 무게와 반경 및 피층부의 무게와 두께에 대하여 조사하였던 바 얻어진 일련의 겨과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 년근에 따라 엑스함량은 1, 2, 3년근이 모두 50% 내외로 큰 차이가 없었으나 Decursin과 Decursinol angelate 함량은 각각 8.20%와 5.01%로서 3년근이 가장 높은 함량을 보였다. 2. 근의 부위별 약효성분함량은 세근이 가장 많았고, 다음은 기근, 주근순으로 적어졌으며, 함량은 피층부가 중심계보다 엑스, Decursin, Decursinol angelate 모두 월등히 많았다. 또한 수확시기가 늦어질수록 약효성분함량이 증가하였다. 3. 생육단계가 진행됨에 따라 약효성분함량은 감소하였고, 목질화세포가 중심계의 무게와 반년이 증가하는 반면에 피층부의 무게와 두게는 상대적으로 감소하였다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.243-252
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• 2014

Forest tree species usually takes for long periods to be harvested and cultivated but spearmints are a good model system for woody plant because of reducing and shortening cultivation time. Spearmints are good model plants (Mentha species) for research about terpenoids production and industrial essential oil manufacture. Isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase (Iso) and limonene synthase (Limo) are the key enzymes of terpenoid biosynthesis pathway. Transgenic and wild spearmints (Mentha spicata, MS) were cultured in vitro and assessed for the essential oil contents. The content of essential oil of transgenic spearmint also was enhanced slightly depending on the target terpenoid genes. In an attempt to increase productivity of terpenoids further, salt and fungal elicitation strategy was adopted on transgenic Mentha spicata. The salt (800 mM NaCl) as abiotic and two fungi (Botrytis cinerea and Glomerella cingulata) as biotic were used for elicitors. In the absence of salt stress four terpenoids were detected from the spearmint extracts, all of them being monoterpenes. On the other hand, the transgenic (MSIso) extracts contained eleven terpenoids (10 monoterpenes and 1 phenylpropene) while transgenic (MSLimo) extracts contained seven monoterpenes. After 3 days of fungal infection, the resistance indices further increased to 4.38, 3.89 and 2.04 for wild type, MSIso and MSLimo, respectively. The salt and fungal elicitators proved beneficial towards modifying both the terpenoids profile and improvement in the composition of essential oil. These results have important applications for the large-scale production of essential oils and forest biotechnology with respect to spearmint.