• 패션비즈니스
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.95-109
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was for analyzing the fashion design imaged by Kimono in the 1990s. Through the work, what is the way to create the non-western fashion design can be found. For this purpose, I took my design data from fashion magazines in the 1990s, and referred to the literal materials about history of western costume and Kimono. The result were as follows ; Kimono in Japanese denotes thing to wear. Ki is derived from the verb kiru, to wear, and mono, thing. However, in the western world the term came to mean the T-shaped outer garment formerly known in Japan as the kosode. It is consists of sleeve(sode), wide sash(obi), hemline(suso), collar(eri), and material. There were many complex reasons for its diversity in the west, and for its evolution during the past one hundred years from the peignoir including exoticism, eroticism, women's liberation to the high fashion imaged by folklore and avant-garde. Therefore the fashion design imaged by Kimono was divided into feminine style, natural & folklore style, modern & avant-garde style.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.575-584
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to develop the better fitting and more comfortable sleeve pattern for women's jacket, as the first step. Five types of existent sleeve pattern were collected, made and worn compared with the sensory evaluations method. The main results of this study were as follows 1. Sensory evaluation for appearance; According to the result of Duncan's multiple range test among the five sleeve patterns, TOJAIUN method sleeve was most satisfactory, and the next was the JUNGMYUNGJA method sleeve followed by NASAN, MOONWHA, ESMOD method sleeve. 2. Sensory evaluation for comfort; The result of Duncan's multiple range test showed that the ESMOD method sleeve was comfortable, and the next was the Japanese MOONWHA method sleeve followd by JUNGMYUNGJA, TOJAIVN, NASAN method sleeve. The result of 3-way ANOVA, main effect for 3 independent variables and interaction for pattern x part, posturers part showed significant difference.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.115-132
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to provide baseline information on the risk-taking health behavior of alcohol consumption in four ethnic groups, Caucasian, Chinese, Japanese, and Korean, residing in the State of Hawaii. Secondary data from the State-based Health Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, designed by the Center for Disease Control, were used. The total sample analyzed for this study contained 6,068 persons. Univariate and logistic regression analysis were performed in order to determine sociodemographic profiles and the predictor variables to produce the findings of this study. The percentage distribution of six sociodemographic factors by race was very similar in all alcohol consumption factors, acute drinking, chronic drinking, and drinking and driving. In this study there were significant ethnic differences in alcohol consumption factors except drinking and driving.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.27-46
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• 2013

Objectives: The objective of this review article was to verify the accreditation plan of the Korean council on school of public health(KCSPH). Methods: Two data were used in order to review the topic of this article. The first one was a catalog compiled by journal articles published in Korea. Second data was accquired from websites created by 24 member universities of KCSPH. Results: The issue of accreditation has been discussed officially for decades. The confusion in the essence of public health seems to be intensified by the influence of Japanese health education system. Accordingly current SPHs in Korea are relatively multifarious and seem to suffer from an identity problem. Conclusions: The accreditation plan issued by KCSPH is valid and public health problem in Korea.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제20권
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• pp.183-201
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• 2010

Based on case studies from Japan and South Korea, this review paper explores the hidden costs of English language learning (ELL). In a context where English has become a commodity and ELL a form of consumption, we focus on the personal and social costs of (a) studying abroad as a much-touted path to "native-like" proficiency and (b) sexualization of language teaching materials in order to reach new niche markets. The hidden costs of ELL are embedded in language ideologies which set English up as a magical means of self-transformation and, at the same time, an unattainable goal for most Japanese and Koreans. We end with the call to expose debilitating language ideologies in order to shed light on the hidden costs of ELL.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.137-151
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• 2007

1950년대 현모양처가 구성되는 조건은 매우 다양했다. 가사교과서와 여학교의 교육과정을 통해 본 1950년대의 현모양처주의의 특징은 다음과 같이 정리해 볼 수 있다. 첫째, 1950년대 가사교과서에 나타난 현모양처론은 일제시기와 달리, 유교적 여성 규율을 배제함으로써 성별분업에 근거한 '근대적' 전업주부상을 이상화하였다. 1950년대 가사교과서는 일제시기 여학생 수신교과서에 등장하는 '순종', '정절', '삼종지도' 등과 같은 유교적인 여성덕목이 사라지고 직분론에 근거한 '근대적' 주부상을 강조하였다. 이는 '민주주의'를 표방한 신생 대한민국의 국가 이념이 여성교육에 차별적으로 적용된 결과였다. 둘째, 가사교과서에서 여성 직업에 관한 내용을 강화하고 구체화함으로써 1950년대 현모양처론은 여성에게 가사 관리자 뿐 아니라 생계 담당자의 역할도 아울러 부과하였다. 기혼여성의 직업활동은 현모양처 역할을 수행하는 것을 어렵게 만드는 것이었지만, 가사교과서는 이것을 가정경제를 운용하는 '현대적' 현모양처의 임무로 수렴하였다. 셋째, 1950년대 여학교의 교육이념과 생활관교육과 같은 실제 교육 내용을 통해 본 현모양처론은 '근대적' 주부상과 '전통적' 규범을 내재한 여성상을 접목한 것이었다. 1950년대 여학교의 교육이념은 순종적 부덕보다는 '민주주의'에 부합하는 여성 인재의 양성에 목표를 두었지만, 실제 교육은 여전히 현모양처주의를 중시했다. 교육이념과 실제 교육의 이중성은 50년대 처음 시도되었던 생활관 교육에서 그 전형을 볼 수 있다. 생활관 교육은 가사의 합리적 설계자로서 '근대적' 전업주부를 이상적 모델로 하면서도 '전통적' 여성 규범을 강조하였다. 이것은 50년대 현모양처론의 특징을 잘 보여주는 것이라고 할 수 있다. 이상과 같은 사실을 종합해 볼 때, 1950년대 여학교 교육은 가사교과서와 여학교의 교육이념에서 유교적 여성규범을 일면 강조했던 일제시기의 그것을 탈피하면서도 실제 교육 내용은 여전히 '전통적 부덕'을 중시하였다. 이러한 사실을 통해 볼 때, 1950년대 현모양처는 가정개량과 양육을 책임지는 '근대적' 전업주부 모델이었지만, 또 한편으로 '서구화'에 물들지 않고 '전통적 부덕'을 계승해야 하는 존재였다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 1950년대의 현모양처는 서구의 '근대적' 전업주부상과는 달리, 윤리적으로는 '전통성'을 체현하는 한편 가정을 '근대적'으로 개량하는 주부상이었다고 하겠다.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제29권
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• pp.341-366
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• 2012

'Headline Database of Newspaper Articles' is a database which contains about 141,500 newspaper articles from 1949 to March, 2009. They are collected from two perspectives; 'language' and 'language life' by KOKKEN. There were 3312 newspaper articles (about 2.34%) which included the word ONNA at 'Headline Database of Newspaper Articles'. The number of newspaper articles related to ONNA started to increase in 1975 but they decreased afterwards. They increased rapidly in 1980 and maintained the condition. However, they started to decrease rapidly in 1990 and maintained the decreased condition. They increased rapidly again in 2004 and 2007. The main causes of rapid increase were the commercial message of instant noodles "I am the one who is making. I am the one who is eating." in 1975, newspaper articles related to "Starting of full-scale studies on female language" in 1980, comments of "active women" and "men's crime" related to a murder case of an elementary school student in Sasebo City and mixed attendance books in 2004, a comment of "Women are machines which give birth to babies" in 2007. Those six causes of rapid increase suggested that the perception of gender such as 'Men need to work outside and Women need to do housework and take care of child' which was fixed until then was changing and becoming a stereotype of virtual reality rather than reality. The vocabulary related to ONNA appeared 3411 times among 3312 newspaper articles which included ONNA. Typical forms of the vocabulary related to ONNA were and . They appeared 2390 times and occupied 70% of the whole data. (3411 times) The form of ONNANOKO among the vocabulary related to ONNA appeared 113 times and occupied a high rate. ONNANOKO(113) and other words such as SHOJO(115), JOJI(28), YOJO(9) (152 in total) implied that appearing of young women at newspaper articles were increasing. Also, the vocabulary related to 'female language' such as ONNAKOTOBA(28) ONNANOKOTOBA(10) and a woman's heart such as ONNAGOKORO(35) and ONNANOKIMOCHI(34) appeared frequently. The vocabulary related to JOSEI were divided into <$JOSEI^{**}$> and <$^{**}JOSEI$>. <$JOSEI^{**}$> were mainly related to an occupation. <$^{**}JOSEI$> were mainly used to express women by regional groups such as or combined with modifiers to express women such as . In case with modifiers, WAKAIJOSEI appeared 35 times and showed the highest frequency. It had negative evaluations in many cases. The vocabulary related to JOSI appeared on the form of <$JOSI^{**}$> and mainly associated with 'a girl's school' and 'a female student'.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2002

We examined the association between eating frequency of rice vs. bread at breakfast and nutrient and food-group intake among 1771 female college students aged 18-20 years. The frequency of main staples at breakfast and the nutrient and food group intake for the previous month were assessed with a validated self-administered diet history questionnaire. We divided main staples into rice, bread, and noodles. As the eating frequency for noodles was almost negligible, we computed the difference of eating frequency of rice minus that of bread(mean = 0.7 times/week). Among 16 nutrients examined, the difference of eating frequency correlated significantly and negatively only with fat intake, especially saturated fatty acid (SFA) (r=-0.31, p<0.001), and significantly and positively with the intake of n-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acid, iron, sodium, protein, carotene, potassium, dietary fiber, and vitamin C (r=0.08-0.15, p<0.001) after adjusting for the energy intake, the residential area, the population size, and the living status with their families. In conclusion, the more frequent intake of rice compared to bread at breakfast correlated with the higher intake of the several vitamins and minerals, and the lower intake of fat, especially SFA. The only unfavorable aspect of the rice group was the higher sodium intake.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2015

Due to the heightened ambient $PM_{2.5}$ levels, the whole citizen of Japan, especially dwellers in Fukuoka Prefecture, start to make attention to the particulate matter (PM) of indoor environments. This study was aimed to thoroughly estimate the characteristics of indoor PM collected in five Japanese homes located in Fukuoka Prefecture. Simultaneous indoor measurements of PM were intensively made at five homes using filter-pack samplers, particle counters, and $PM_{2.5}$ monitors for a day in springtime, 2012. Major ionic and carbonaceous components were also analyzed. The time series fluctuation of PM number concentration was gradually decreased by 6 AM and then it was rapidly increased by 8 AM in all indoor sites. The maximum level of $PM_{2.5}$ was measured at the morning time (8 AM-9 AM) when the resident's behavior was fast and strenuous. The Indoor/Out-door (I/O) ratio for the giant PM larger than $5.0{\mu}m$ was 1.16. It was possible to identify PM types and estimate the resident's behavior through the comparison the theoretically calculated and the measured retention times for several types of PM in an indoor site. The theoretically reconstructed mass concentration of $PM_{2.0-0.3}$ suggested that the portion of $PM_{2.5}$ in indoor was quietly occupied by $PM_{0.3}$ or the PM inherently originated from indoor environment.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.335-341
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• 2010

Objective : Anterior cervical corpectomy with fusion (ACF) or laminoplasty may be associated with substantial number of complications for treating multilevel cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) with significant cord compression. For more safe decompression and stabilization in multilevel cervical OPLL with prominent cord compression, we propose circumferential cervical surgery (selective ACF and laminoplasty) based on our favorable experience. Methods : Twelve patients with cervical myelopathy underwent circumferential cervical surgery and all patients showed multilevel OPLL with Signal change of the spinal cord on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A retrospective review of clinical, radiological. and surgical data was conducted. Results : There were 9 men and 3 women with mean age of 56.7 years and a mean follow up period of 15.6 months. The average corpectomy level was 1.16 and laminoplasty level was 4.58. The average Japanese Orthopedic Association score for recovery was 5.1 points and good clinical results were obtained in 11 patients (92%) (p < 0.05). The average space available for the cord improved from 58.2% to 87.9% and the average Cobb's angle changed from 7.63 to 12.27 at 6 months after operation without failure of fusion (p < 0.05). Average operation time was 8.36 hours, with an estimated blood loss of 760 mL and duration of bed rest of 2.0 days. There were no incidences of significant surgical complications, including wound infection. Conclusion : Although the current study examined a small sample with relatively short-term follow-up periods, our study results demonstrate that circumferential cervical surgery is considered favorable for safety and effectiveness in multilevel OPLL with prominent cord compression.