• Wind and Structures
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.89-104
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• 2021

Non-synoptic winds generated by tornadoes, downbursts or gust fronts exhibit significant non-stationarity and can cause significant wind load effect on flexible structures such as long-span bridges. However, conventional assumptions on stationarity used to evaluate the structural wind-induced vibration are inadequate. In this paper, an efficient frequency domain scheme based on fast CQC method, which can predict non-stationary buffeting random responses of long-span bridges, is presented, and then this approach is applied to evaluate the buffeting response of a long-span suspension bridge located in a complex mountainous wind environment as an example. In this study, the data-driven method based on one available measured wind speed sample is firstly presented to establish non-stationary wind models, including time-varying mean wind speed, time-varying intensity envelope function and uniformly modulated fluctuating spectrum. Then, a linear time-variant (LTV) system based on the proposed scheme can be generally applied to calculate the non-stationary buffeting responses. The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed scheme are verified through Monte Carlo time domain simulation implemented in ANSYS platform. Also, the transient effect nature of the bridge responses is further illustrated by comparison of the non-stationary, quasistationary and steady-state cases. Finally, buffeting response analysis with traditional stationary treatment (10 min constant mean plus stationary wind fluctuation) is performed to illustrate the importance of the non-stationary characteristics embedded in original wind speed samples.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제17권4호통권77호
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• pp.499-509
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• 2005

강풍으로 유발되는 고층건축물의 풍진동은 주로 와류에 의한 풍직각방향의 진동에 의하여 발생한다. 이러한 진동은 단면형상이 일정한 유연하고, 경량이며, 경감쇠인 고층건축물인 경우 가장 심하게 발생한다. 본 논문은 와류에 기인한 풍직각방향의 진동을 저감시키기 위한 공역학적인 방법을 논한 것이다. 항력 및 횡력방향의 압력을 균등화하고 또한 양방향의 공간적인 간섭을 분산시키고, 풍직각 방향으로 작용하는 풍력의 크기를 효율적으로 감소시키기 위하여 건축물의 풍방향 및 풍직각방향에 중공부를 설치하였다. 실험모형은 모두 형상비가 8:1이 되도록 하였고, 중공부의 형상은 2종류, 크기는 2종류, 위치는 6종류로 변화시킨 총 24종류의 모형을 제작하여 풍력실험을 실시한 후 각 모형에 대한 풍방향 및 풍직각방향의 변위응답특성을 조사하였다. 최종적으로 중공부를 가진 모형의 효율성을 분석하기 위하여 중공부를 가진 모형에 대한 결과를 중공부가 없는 정사각형 각주의 변위응답 특성과 비교 분석하여 중공부의 형상 변화, 크기 변화, 위치 변화에 따른 풍진동의 저감효과의 정도를 정량적으로 규명하였다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.401-420
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• 2007

Field measurements of the wind-induced response of two residential reinforced concrete buildings, among the tallest in the world, have been performed during two typhoons. Natural periods and damping values have been determined and compared with other field measurements and empirical predictors. Suitable and common empirical predictors of natural period and structural damping have been obtained that describe the trend of tall, reinforced concrete buildings whose structural vibrations have been measured in the collection of studies in Hong Kong compiled by the authors. This data is especially important as the amount of information known about the dynamic parameters of buildings of these heights is limited. Effects of the variation of the natural period and damping values on the alongwind response of a tall building for serviceability-level wind conditions have been profiled using the gust response factor approach. When using this approach on these two buildings, the often overestimated natural periods and structural damping values suggested by empirical predictors tended to offset each other. Gust response factors calculated using the natural periods and structural damping values measured in the field were smaller than if calculated using design-stage values.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 FSI해석을 이용하여 비정형 초고층 빌딩의 풍응답 특성을 연구하였다. 해석모델은 Twist모델이며, 뒤틀림 각도와 풍가속도의 상관관계에 대해 연구 중점을 두었다. 먼저 단방향 해석을 수행하여 100년 재현주기 풍속에 대한 최대 횡 변위를 구하고, 제한조건을 만족하는 탄성계수를 산출한다. 그리고 양방향 해석을 수행, 시간이력해석을 통해 산출된 탄성계수와 임의의 밀도를 가지는 풍가속도를 예측하게 된다. 정방형 모델은 높이 400m, 변장비 1:1, 세장비 8로 설정, 뒤틀림 모델은 0도에서 90도까지 15도 간격으로, 90도에서 360도까지 90도 간격으로 비틀어 회전시켰다. 형상에 따른 풍가속도 예측 결과, 정방형 모델이 뒤틀림 모델보다 크게 산출되어 풍진동 영향에 더 민감한 것을 검증하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.663-670
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• 2011

In this study, the design and verification of 6kW class lift-type vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT) has been conducted using advanced CAE technique based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD), finite element method (FEM), and computational structural dynamics (CSD). Designed aerodynamic performance of the VAWT model is tested using unsteady CFD method. Designed structural safety is also tested through the evaluation of maximum induced stress level and resonance characteristics using FEM and CSD methods. It is importantly shown that the effect of master eccentricity due to rotational inertia needs to be carefully considered to additionally investigate dynamic stress and deformation level of the designed VAWT system.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.31-45
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• 2024

This paper examines the flow characteristics around an inclined prism with a U-shaped cross-section ("U-profile") and investigates the connection between the flow and flow-induced vibrations. The study employs a combined approach that involves wind tunnel experiments and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) using an unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) turbulence model. Distinct vortex formation patterns are observed in the flow field surrounding the stationary inclined profile. When the cavity of the profile faces away from the incoming flow, large vortices develop behind the profile. Conversely, when the cavity is oriented towards the oncoming flow, these vortices form within the cavity. Notably, due to the slow movement of these large vortices through the cavity, the frequency at which vortices are shed in the negative inclination case is lower compared to the positive inclination, where they form in the wake. Wind tunnel experiments reveal an intermittent transition between the two vortex formation patterns at zero inclination. Large vortices sporadically emerge both in the cavity and behind the profile. The simulation results demonstrate that when these large vortices occur at a frequency close to the structure's natural frequency, they induce prominent pitch vibrations. This phenomenon is also sought after and presented in coupled vibration experiments. Additionally, the simulations indicate that when the natural frequency of the structure is considerably lower than the vortex shedding frequency, this type of vibration can be observed.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.399-416
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• 2018

In order to reveal the independent relationship between track irregularity and wind loads, the stochastic characteristics of train-bridge coupling systems subjected to wind loads were investigated by the multi-sample calculation. The vehicle was selected as 23 degrees of freedom dynamical model, and the bridge was described by three-dimensional finite element model. It was assumed that the wind loads were random processes with strong spatial correlation, while the track irregularities were stationary random ones. As a case study, a high-speed train running on a cable-stayed bridge subjected to wind loads was studied. The effect of rail irregularities was deemed to be independent of the effect of wind excitations on the coupling system in the same wind circumstance for the same project, leading to the conclusion that the effect of wind loads and moving vehicle could be calculated separately. The variance results of the stochastic responses of vehicle-bridge coupling system under the action of wind loads and rail irregularities together were equivalent to the sum of the variance of the responses induced by each excitation. Therefore, when one of the input excitations is different, only the effect of changed loads needs to be assessed. Moreover, the new calculated results were combined with the effect of unchanged loads to present the stochastic response of coupling system subjected to the different excitations, reducing the cost of computations. The stochastic characteristics, the CFD (cumulative distribution function) of the coupling system with different wind velocities, vehicle speed, and vehicle marshalling were studied likewise.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.331-343
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• 2013

The natural sloshing frequencies of annular cylindrical TLD are parametrically investigated by experiment, aiming at the exploration of its successful use for suppressing the structural vibration of spar-type floating wind turbine subject to multidirectional wind, wave and current excitations. Five prototypes of annular cylindrical TLD are defined according to the inner and outer radii of acryl container, and eight different liquid fill heights are experimented for each TLD prototype. The apparent masses near the first and second natural sloshing frequencies are parametrically investigated by measuring the apparent mass of interior liquid sloshing to the acceleration excitation. It is observed from the parametric experiments that the first natural sloshing frequency shows the remarkable change with respect to the liquid fill height for each TLD model with different container dimensions. On the other hand, the second natural sloshing frequency is not sensitive to the liquid fill height but to the gap size, for all the TLD models, convincing that the annular cylindrical sloshing damper can effectively suppress the wave- and wind-induced tilting motion of the spar-type floating wind turbine.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2017

본 논문은 송전선로 갤러핑 현상 분석을 위해 요구되는 비대칭 송전선의 공기력 계수 측정에 관한 것으로, 세 종류의 비대칭 단면으로 구성된 단도체, 2도체 및 4도체 모형에 대해서 난류 조건에서의 풍동실험을 수행하였다. 송전선로 갤러핑은 비대칭의 착빙된 송전선에 안정된 바람이 작용하는 경우 발생하는 유체유발진동의 한 종류로, 상간 이격거리와 송전탑 하중의 계산 등 송전선의 설계시 고려해야하는 주요 인자 중 하나이다. 갤러핑에 의해 발생하는 반복적인 변동 하중은 송전선을 포함한 체결 부품 등에 큰 동응력을 발생시키는 것을 고려하여, 송전선을 비롯한 각종 부품은 마모와 피로손상에 견딜 수 있는 충분한 내구성을 가져야 한다. 국내에서도 빙설해에 의한 송전선로의 고장은 급격한 전압 강하로 인한 전기 품질에 큰 영향을 끼치는 주요 원인이 되고 있으며, 매년 약 20건 이상씩 발생하고 있는 점을 고려해, 안정적인 전력 공급과 유지, 보수 비용을 절감하기 위해서 갤러핑 현상에 대해서 기초부터 체계적인 접근이 요구되고 있다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2024

본 연구는 기존 풍력 터빈의 한계와 문제점을 극복하기 위해 블레이드리스 풍력 발전을 위한 선형 발전기의 모델링 및 해석에 중점을 두고 있다. 블레이드리스 풍력 발전 시스템은 블레이드 풍력 발전 터빈에 비해 설치 및 유지관리에 필요한 토지 요구량이 낮다는 장점이 있다. 그러나 블레이드리스 풍력 발전을 위한 발전기에 관한 종합적인 연구는 아직까지 부족한 실정이다. 특히, 발전기의 토플로지에 관한 질문의 답변이 만족스럽지 않다. 연구의 목표는 원통형 블레이드리스 풍력발전기의 수평 및 수직 구조에 대해 비교 분석하는 것이다. 제안된 토플로지는 자기력을 이용해 2차원 등가 자기회로 네트워크 방식으로 해석한 후 유한요소법으로 비교 평가하였다. 최종적으로, 본 연구의 결과는 풍력 발전 시스템을 위한 새로운 발전기 구조에 대한 상세한 정보와 블레이드리스 풍력 발전 특성에 대한 통찰을 제공할 것이다.