• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.313-324
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• 2019

This paper presents the analysis of wind speeds data measured on top of three neighboring high-rise buildings close to a beach in Xiamen city, China, during Typhoon "Usagi" 2013. Wind tunnel simulation was carried out to validate the field measurement results. Turbulence intensity, turbulence integral scale, power spectrum and cross correlation of recorded wind speed were studied in details. The low frequency trend component of the typhoon speed was also discussed. The field measurement results show turbulence intensity has strong dependence to the wind speed, upwind terrain and even the relative location to the Typhoon center. The low frequency fluctuation could severely affect the characteristics of wind. Cross correlation of the measured wind speeds on different buildings also showed some dependence on the upwind terrain roughness. After typhoon made landfall, the spatial correlation of wind speeds became weak with the coherence attenuating quickly in frequency domain.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.165-180
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• 2020

To determine tornadic wind loads, the wind pressure, forces and moments induced by tornadoes on civil structures have been studied. However, in most previous studies, only the individual building of interest was included in the wind field, which may be suitable to simulate the case where a tornado strikes rural areas. The statistical data has indicated that tornadoes induce more significant fatalities and property loss when they attack densely populated areas. To simulate this case, all buildings in the community of interest should be included in the wind field. However, this has been rarely studied. To bridge this research gap, this study will systematically investigate the influence of a community of buildings on tornadic wind fields by modeling all buildings in the community into the wind field (designated as "the Community case under tornadic winds"). For comparison, the case in which only a single building is included in the tornadic wind field (designated as "the Single-building case under tornadic winds") and the case where a community of buildings are included in the equivalent straight-line wind field (designated as "the Community case under straight-line winds") are also simulated. The results demonstrate that the presence of a number of buildings completely destroys the pattern of regular circular strips in the distribution of tangential velocity and pressure on horizontal planes. Above the roof height, the maximum tangential velocity is lower in the Community case under tornadic winds than that in the Single-building case under tornadic winds because of the higher surface friction in the Community case; below the roof height, greater tangential velocity and pressure are observed in the Community case under tornadic wind fields, and more unfavorable conditions are observed in the Community case under tornadic winds than under the equivalent straight-line winds.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.11-24
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• 2018

Full-scale measurements of wind action on the open roof structure of the WuXi grand theater, which is composed of eight large-span free-form leaf-shaped space trusses with the largest span of 76.79 m, were conducted during the passage of Typhoons HaiKui and SuLi. The wind pressure field data were continuously and simultaneously monitored using a wind pressure monitoring system installed on the roof structure during the typhoons. A detailed analysis of the field data was performed to investigate the characteristics of the fluctuating wind pressure on the open roof, such as the wind pressure spectrum, spatial correlation coefficients, peak wind pressures and non-Gaussian wind pressure characteristics, under typhoon conditions. Three classical methods were used to calculate the peak factors of the wind pressure on the open roof, and the suggested design method and peak factors were given. The non-Gaussianity of the wind pressure was discussed in terms of the third and fourth statistical moments of the measured wind pressure, and the corresponding indication of the non-Gaussianity on the open roof was proposed. The result shows that there were large pulses in the time-histories of the measured wind pressure on Roof A2 in the field. The spatial correlation of the wind pressures on roof A2 between the upper surface and lower surface is very weak. When the skewness is larger than 0.3 and the kurtosis is larger than 3.7, the wind pressure time series on roof A2 can be taken as a non-Gaussian distribution, and the other series can be taken as a Gaussian distribution.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1157-1167
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• 2010

본 논문은 남한지역 풍력자원의 계량화 및 바람환경분석 등에 필요한 풍력에너지지도를 고해상도로 작성하는 방법을 제안하였다. 이를 위해 $1Km{\times}1Km$ 격자로 나누어진 남한전역(345,682 지점)의 월별풍속에 적합한 통계적 바람장모형을 설정하여 각종 풍력에너지통계를 $1Km{\times}1Km$ 격자지점 별로 계산하고, 통계값들를 지도로 구현하는 절차를 연구하였다. 바람장모형의 적합성검정에는 국내 76개 기상관측소에서 관측된 TMY (typical meteorological year) 바람자료가 사용되었으며, Kolmogrov-Smirnov 검정결과 로그정규모형이 남한지역의 월별 바람장모형에 적합하였다. 또한 로그정규모형 하에서 얻어지는 다양한 형태의 풍력에너지통계들을 소개하였으며, 국립기상연구소가 제공하는 $1Km{\times}1Km$ 격자지점(345,682 지점)의 풍속자료를 사용하여 남한(지상 80m)의 풍력에너지밀도(W/$m^2$)지도를 공간분포도 형태로 작성해 보였다.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2021

재생에너지 3020 이행계획, 한국판 뉴딜 계획 등에 따라 신재생에너지 생산 비중 증가 대응과 해상풍력발전 12GW 건설을 위해 어업생활권 점유 대안 마련과 주민 수용성 제고를 위한 방안이 요구된다. 본 연구는 동해에 적합한 해상풍력발전단지와 연계한 수산자원 공존모델의 차별방안을 제시하였다. 동해는 부유식 해상풍력 발전단지 조성의 최적지로 단지 내 공유수면을 활용하여 외해양식에 적합한 고부가가치 어종인 참다랑어를 양식함으로써 에너지 생산, 수산자원 개발, 관광산업화를 통한 이익 창출로 경제적 효과 발생을 예측하였다. 또한, 운영관리 기술 공유 등으로 예산 감축, 스마트 관리 추진과 어민소득 증대 가능성을 확인하였다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.129-140
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• 2019

Accurately simulating the wind field of large-scale region, for instant urban areas, the locations of large span bridges, wind farms and so on, is very difficult, due to the complicated terrains or land surfaces. Currently, the regional wind field can be simulated through the combination of observation data and numerical model using observation-nudging in the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF). However, the main drawback of original observation-nudging method in WRF is the effects of observation on the surrounding field is fully mathematical express in terms of temporal and spatial, and it ignores the effects of terrain, wind direction and atmospheric circulation, while these are physically unreasonable for the turbulence. For these reasons, a spatial correlation-based observation-nudging method, which can take account the influence of complicated terrain, is proposed in the paper. The validation and comparation results show that proposed method can obtain more reasonable and accurate result than original observation-nudging method. Finally, the discussion of wind field along bridge span obtained from the simulation with spatial correlation-based observation-nudging method was carried out.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.229-234
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• 2004

A Typhoon wave is generated by wind fields during the Passage of Typhoon. Transporting wind field makes wind wave and swell in the open sea, and then, those wave components are transported in the shallow water. Typhoon waves in the shallow water is generated by Typhoon wind field and incident wave. Bisides, Incident waves to the shallow water are deformated by topographic conditions. This paper estimated the analysis of the Typhoon waves by wind fields and incident waves according to wave action balance equation model. As the result of wave numerical experiment, wave field during the passage of Typhoon 'Memi' in the shallow water is strongly effect by wind fields. Wave action balance equaion can be partially used for Typhoon wave simulations.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.401-420
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• 2007

Field measurements of the wind-induced response of two residential reinforced concrete buildings, among the tallest in the world, have been performed during two typhoons. Natural periods and damping values have been determined and compared with other field measurements and empirical predictors. Suitable and common empirical predictors of natural period and structural damping have been obtained that describe the trend of tall, reinforced concrete buildings whose structural vibrations have been measured in the collection of studies in Hong Kong compiled by the authors. This data is especially important as the amount of information known about the dynamic parameters of buildings of these heights is limited. Effects of the variation of the natural period and damping values on the alongwind response of a tall building for serviceability-level wind conditions have been profiled using the gust response factor approach. When using this approach on these two buildings, the often overestimated natural periods and structural damping values suggested by empirical predictors tended to offset each other. Gust response factors calculated using the natural periods and structural damping values measured in the field were smaller than if calculated using design-stage values.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.553-574
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• 2009

This paper presents statistical analysis results of wind speed and atmospheric turbulence data measured from more than 30 anemometers installed at 15 different height levels on 325 m high Beijing Meteorological Tower and is primarily intended to provide useful information on boundary layer wind characteristics for wind-resistant design of tall buildings and high-rise structures. Profiles of mean wind speed are presented based on the field measurements and are compared with empirical models' predictions. Relevant parameters of atmospheric boundary layer at urban terrain are determined from the measured wind speed profiles. Furthermore, wind velocity data in longitudinal, lateral and vertical directions, which were recorded from an ultrasonic anemometer during windstorms, are analyzed and discussed. Atmospheric turbulence information such as turbulence intensity, gust factor, turbulence integral length scale and power spectral densities of the three-dimensional fluctuating wind velocity are presented and used to evaluate the adequacy of existing theoretical and empirical models. The objective of this study is to investigate the profiles of mean wind speed and atmospheric turbulence characteristics over a typical urban area.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.287-300
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• 2022

Unconventional structures are getting more popular in recent days. Large-span roofs are used for many structures, such as airports, stadiums, and conventional halls. Identifying the pressure distribution and wind load acting on those structures is essential. This paper offers a collaborative study of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and wind tunnel tests for assessing wind pressure distribution for a building with a combined slender curved roof. The hybrid turbulence model, Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation (IDDES), simulates the open terrain turbulent flow field. The wind-induced local pressure coefficients on complex roof structures and the turbulent flow field around the structure were thus calculated based upon open terrain wind flow simulated with the FLUENT software. Local pressure measurements were investigated in a boundary layer wind tunnel simultaneous to the simulation to determine the pressure coefficient distributions. The results predicted by CFD were found to be consistent with the wind tunnel test results. The comparative study validated that the recommended IDDES model and the vortex method associated with CFD simulation are suitable tools for structural engineers to evaluate wind effects on long-span complex roofs and plan irregular buildings during the design stage.