• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.56-63
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• 1991

This paper aims to describe the relation between the weather condition, especially typhoon and a shipwreck in Korean waters. For this study, it was investigated the statistical characteristics of a shipwreck due to the weather, pressure patterns governing the shipwreck in Korean waters. and the relation between the intensity of typhoon and the amount of a disaster. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The monthly occurrence frequency of a shipwreck was the heighest in July followed by February, March in descending order. 2) The pressure patterns governing the shipwreck were classified broadly into six types and pressure pattern which had most occurrence frequency of a shipwreck was Type V and then cames Type I, Type III and type IV in that order. 3) Occurence frequency of a shipwreck and the amount of a kinetic energy of typhoon have nothing to do with each other. In case of Wind-Typhoon that brought more a strong wind than a heavy rainfall, there were seriously affected ships and buildings by the wind.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.719-737
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• 2015

Full scale measurement on the structural dynamic characteristics and Vortex-induced Vibrations (VIV) of a long-span suspension bridge with a central span of 1650 m were conducted. Different Finite Element (FE) modeling principles for the separated twin-box girder were compared and evaluated with the field vibration test results, and the double-spine model was determined to be the best simulation model, but certain modification still needs to be made which will affect the basic modeling parameters and the dynamic response prediction values of corresponding wind tunnel tests. Based on the FE modal analysis results, small-scaled and large-scaled sectional model tests were both carried out to investigate the VIV responses, and probable Reynolds Number effects or scale effect on VIV responses were presented. Based on the observed VIV modes in the field measurement, the VIV results obtained from sectional model tests were converted into those of the three-dimensional (3D) full-scale bridge and subsequently compared with field measurement results. It is indicated that the large-scaled sectional model test can probably provide a reasonable and effective prediction on VIV response.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.138-147
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 해상풍력발전타워와 선박충돌에 대한 다양한 매개변수에 해석을 수행하여 선박충돌시 버켓파일로 지지된 기초부와 상부타워의 극한하중에 대한 거동을 분석하였다. 또한 충돌에너지의 변화에 따른 버켓기초의 안정성 여부 및 풍력타워의 에너지 소산능력에 대해 파악하였다. 해석결과 선박이 충돌에너지는 주로 타워의 소성변형에너지에 의해 소산 되었으며 이러한 극한상태의 하중에도 기초부는 충분한 지지력을 보이는 것으로 나타났다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.99-110
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• 2019

Vortex-Induced-Vibration (VIV) is one kind of the wind-induced vibrations, which may occur in the construction and operation period of bridges. This phenomenon can bring negative effects to the traffic safety or can cause bridge fatigue damage and should be eliminated or controlled within safe amplitudes.In the current VIV studies, one available mitigation countermeasure, the horizontal flow-isolating plate, shows satisfactory performance particularly in PI shaped bridge deck type. Details of the wind tunnel test are firstly presented to give an overall description of this appendage and its control effect. Then, the computational-fluid-dynamics(CFD) method is introduced to investigate the control mechanism, using two-dimensional Large-Eddy-Simulation to reproduce the VIV process. The Reynolds number of the cases involved in this paper ranges from $1{\times}10^5$ to $3{\times}10^5$, using the width of bridge deck as reference length. A field-filter technique and detailed analysis on wall pressure are used to give an intuitive demonstration of the changes brought by the horizontal flow-isolating plate. Results show that this aerodynamic appendage is equally effective in suppressing vertical and torsional VIV, indicating inspiring application prospect in similar PI shaped bridge decks.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.485-505
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• 2014

This study aimed to develop an approach to accurately predict the wind models and wind effects of large wind turbines. The wind-induced vibration characteristics of a 5 MW tower-blade coupled wind turbine system have been investigated in this paper. First, the blade-tower integration model was established, which included blades, nacelle, tower and the base of the wind turbine system. The harmonic superposition method and modified blade element momentum theory were then applied to simulate the fluctuating wind field for the rotor blades and tower. Finally, wind-induced responses and equivalent static wind loads (ESWL) of the system were studied based on the modified consistent coupling method, which took into account coupling effects of resonant modes, cross terms of resonant and background responses. Furthermore, useful suggestions were proposed to instruct the wind resistance design of large wind turbines. Based on obtained results, it is shown from the obtained results that wind-induced responses and ESWL were characterized with complicated modal responses, multi-mode coupling effects, and multiple equivalent objectives. Compared with the background component, the resonant component made more contribution to wind-induced responses and equivalent static wind loads at the middle-upper part of the tower and blades, and cross terms between background and resonant components affected the total fluctuation responses, while the background responses were similar with the resonant responses at the bottom of tower.

• 한국방재안전학회논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2015

시공간적으로 불규칙하게 작용하는 태풍의 변동풍속은 지표면의 조도에 의해 많은 영향을 받으며, 이러한 불규칙한 변동풍속을 받는 저층 중층 고층건물의 안전 및 사용성의 평가는 이와 관련한 많은 파라미터에 의해 평가되고 있다. 최근 우리나라를 통과한 태풍 매미(2003), 곰파스(2010), 템빈(2012)의 변동풍속자료로부터 난류의 특성 및 스펙트럼의 평가를 알아 보기 위하여 6개의 대표지점을 선정했고, 선정된 각 지점에 대한 변동풍속자료는 기상청으로부터 획득했지만, 이 자료는 지상 10m 높이에서 관측되었고 1분의 평균자료이다. 이러한 기상청의 자료는 실측자료이기는 하나 1분 평균에 의한 진동수의 영역별 영향이 평균화될 수 있고, 높이에 따른 변동풍속의 특성을 잘 나타내지 못하고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 고층건물에 영향을 미치는 지상 200m 높이에서의 변동풍속에 대한 확률분포, 난류특성 및 스펙트럼을 평가하기 위하여 기상청 자료와 Monte Carlo Simulation 방법을 이용하여 변동풍속을 해석한 후 비교 검토하였다.

• 한국방재안전학회논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 최근 2003년부터 2012년까지의 10년 동안 연최대평균풍속이 발생한 날의 변동풍속으로부터 최초파괴확률(FEP: first excursion probability)을 알아보기 위하여 대표지점 8개 지점을 선정하고, 선정된 각 지점에 대한 최근 10년 동안의 풍속자료는 기상청으로부터 획득했고, 90개의 앙상블 중 정규확률분포로 평가된 12개의 모집단을 선정하여, 최초파괴확률 평가를 실시하였다. 분석결과 FEP의 발생확률은 P모델이 M모델 보다 약 60-200% 크게 나타나는 사실을 알 수 있었고 지표면 10 m에서 실측된 기상청자료의 변동풍속으로부터 지상 320 m까지 추정한 변동풍속의 평균 풍속 난류강도의 수직분포를 확인할 수 있었고, 서울 대구의 경도풍 고도는 약 300 m, 나머지 지점은 약 240-280 m로 나타났고, 지표면부근에서의 난류강도는 0.72 m/s-3.3 m/s로 100 m 높이 까지는 난류강도의 변화율이 증가하는 사실을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.50-57
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• 2017

본 논문은 분진 및 풍속에 따른 연기감지기 챔버의 응답특성에 관한 연구이다. 연기감지기가 실내에 적용됨으로 인해 화재의 조기감지 측면에서는 나아졌으나, 실내에서 발생되는 다양한 생활먼지 및 환경적인 요건 등에 의해 발생될 수 있는 부작동 및 오작동에 대한 연구는 미비한 편이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 다양한 분진 및 풍속에 따른 연기감지기의 실내적응성을 연구하기 위해 연기챔버의 형태 및 구조가 다른 4종류의 광전식연기감지기를 실험대상으로 하고, 플라이애시, 활석가루 그리고 섬유분진(흑채가루)을 실험시료로 하여 분진시험을 진행하였다. 또한 연기챔버 내의 오염도에 따른 응답특성을 관찰하기 위해 추가적으로 분진시험 풍속을 0.25 m/s, 0.5 m/s, 1.0 m/s로 설정하여 인가하였다. 실험결과 플라이애시 및 활석가루, 섬유분진의 경우 분진시험 기준풍속조건인 0.25 m/s에서는 분진인가 후 작동시험 및 부작동시험에서 모두 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 가혹풍속조건인 0.5 m/s 및 1.0 m/s에서는 플라이애시 및 활석가루의 경우 부작동시험에서 비화재보인 오작동이 나타났고, 섬유분진의 경우 작동시험에서 정상적으로 작동되지 않아 부작동이 발생하는 것으로 확인되었다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.727-753
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• 2015

A double-skinned composite tubular (DSCT) wind power tower was suggested and automatic section design software was developed. The developed software adopted the nonlinear material model and the nonlinear column model. If the outer diameter, material properties and design capacities of a DSCT wind power tower are given, the developed software performs axial force-bending moment interaction analyses for hundreds of sections of the tower and suggests ten optimized cross-sectional designs. In this study, 80 sections of DSCT wind power towers were designed for 3.6 MW and 5.0 MW turbines. Moreover, the performances of the 80 designed sections were analyzed with and without considerations of large displacement effect. In designing and analyzing them, the material nonlinearity and the confining effect of concrete were considered. The comparison of the analysis results showed the moment capacity loss of the wind power tower by the mass of the turbine is significant and the large displacement effect should be considered for the safe design of the wind power tower.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.317-343
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• 2013

When evaluating flutter instability, it is often assumed that incident wind is normal to the longitudinal axis of a bridge and the flutter critical wind speed estimated from this direction is most unfavorable. However, the results obtained in this study via oblique sectional model tests of four typical types of bridge decks show that the lowest flutter critical wind speeds often occur in the yaw wind cases. The four types of bridge decks tested include a flat single-box deck, a flat ${\Pi}$-shaped thin-wall deck, a flat twin side-girder deck, and a truss-stiffened deck with and without a narrow central gap. The yaw wind effect could reduce the critical wind speed by about 6%, 2%, 8%, 7%, respectively, for the above four types of decks within a wind inclination angle range between $-3^{\circ}$ and $3^{\circ}$, and the yaw wind angles corresponding to the minimal critical wind speeds are between $4^{\circ}$ and $15^{\circ}$. It was also found that the flutter critical wind speed varies in an undulate manner with the increase of yaw angle, and the variation pattern is largely dependent on both deck shape and wind inclination angle. Therefore, the cosine rule based on the mean wind decomposition is generally inapplicable to the estimation of flutter critical wind speed of long-span bridges under skew winds. The unfavorable effect of yaw wind on the flutter instability of long-span bridges should be taken into consideration seriously in the future practice, especially for supper-long span bridges in strong wind regions.