• 제목/요약/키워드: wheat resources

검색결과 239건 처리시간 0.03초

밀 재배포장 물관리에 따른 토양수분과 생육지표의 상관관계 분석 (Correlation between soil moisture and crop growth indices of irrigation water management in winter wheat fields)

  • 청리광;김동현;박현수;장태일
    • 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국수자원학회 2022년도 학술발표회
    • /
    • pp.507-507
    • /
    • 2022
  • 작물 재배에서 정밀 관개 및 물관리를 위해 토양수분 모니터링이 필수적이며, 최근 이상기후에 따른 가뭄 빈도가 증가함에 따라 토양수분 변동에 따른 적절한 대응이 필요한 실정이다. 특히, 국산밀 생장기의 토양수분 및 관개는 생산성에 중요한 영향을 미치고 있으나, 빈번한 봄가뭄의 영향으로 작물 생산 및 품질 관리의 어려움을 겪고 있다. 따라서 국산밀의 안정적 생산을 위한 토양수분 및 양분 관리에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 ICT 기반의 토양 층위별 모니터링 시스템을 구축하여 물관리에 따른 국산밀의 안정적 생산성을 분석하고자 한다. 대상지역은 전라북도 남원시 운봉읍에 위치한 국립식량과학원 운봉시험지이며, 시험포장은 수분처리 조건에 따라 총 4개(A: 한발조건, B: 적정수분, C: 무처리) 처리구로 3개 블록을 구분하여 4반복으로 구성하였다. ICT 기반 10개 토양수분 및 EC (Electrical conductivity) 관측 장비를 통해 실시간으로 자료 수집하였으며, 밀 생육조사는 생육단계별 초장, LAI, 지상부 및 지중 생체중 등 자료를 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 처리구별 물관리에 따른 토양수분과 생육지표의 상관관계 분석을 통해 가뭄에 따른 생육 영향과 적정 관개용수의 공급시기 및 공급량을 분석하였다. 본 연구는 밀 생장기의 봄가뭄에 대응하기 위한 물관리 기초자료로 활용하고자 하며, ICT 기반의 스마트관리 플랫폼을 개발하여 밀 작황 진단 및 예측을 통해 국산밀의 안정적 생산성에 기여하고자 한다.

  • PDF

인삼재배법(人蔘栽培法) 개선(改善)을 위한 알레로파시 식물(植物) 탐색(探索) 및 이용 (Screening and Utilization of Allelopathic Plants for the Cultural Practice Improvement in Ginseng(Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer))

  • 양계진;김광호;정일민
    • 한국잡초학회지
    • /
    • 제18권3호
    • /
    • pp.214-224
    • /
    • 1998
  • 본 연구는 고소득작물인 인삼의 생산비 절감을 위한 새로운 재배법을 확립하기 위한 방안으로 인삼포의 잡초 발생을 억제시키는 allelopathic식물을 탐색, 선발하여 이용방안을 강구하기 위한 일련의 시험을 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 볏짚, 귀리짚, 호밀짚 및 밀짚의 추출액을 인삼밭에 발생하는 주요 잡초인 털비름, 명아주, 조개풀, 바랭이, 피, 강아지풀 종자에 처리하여 발아율을 조사한 결과, 공시한 5종의 식물 영양체 추출액 모두 1% 농도 처리에서 발아 억제 효과가 크게 나타났으며, 특히 귀리짚 추출액은 공시된 모든 잡초종들에 대해 발아 억제 효과가 가장 컸다. 2. 볏짚, 호밀짚 및 밀짚의 추출액을 인삼 포장에 직접 처리한 결과, 3종의 식물 추출액 처리 모두가 무처리구인 대조구에 비해서 잡초생육이 억제되었으며, 공시한 3종의 식물 추출액 처리구에서 인삼의 근장, 근직경, 생체중, 건물중이 대조구에 비하여 좋은 것으로 나타났다.

  • PDF

포아풀아과(Pooideae subfamily)의 진화와 육종: 맥류 중심의 고찰 (Evolution and Breeding of Members of Pooideae Subfamily: Focusing on Upland Cereal Crops)

  • 성연준;오희원;강유나;김창수
    • 한국작물학회지
    • /
    • 제66권3호
    • /
    • pp.220-239
    • /
    • 2021
  • Grasses (Poaceae) belong to the biggest plant family among angiosperms and it cover around 20% of the earth's surface. The members of this family are mostly utilized as food resources by humans and animals but they are also valuable in terms of evolution and ecology. The member of the subfamily Pooideae represents, temperate grasses, and includes a number of economically important crops and belongs to the clade BOP (including the subfamilies Bambooideae, Oryzeae, and Pooideae). This subfamily is the largest among all grass families. The special features of this subfamily are cold acclimation and vernalization. The members of Pooideae subfamily with the aforementioned special features are thought to have evolved in the Cenozoic era when the temperature on earth started to cool down, which triggered the diversification of this subfamily through adaptation to cold weather. The agricultural origin of wheat, barley, oat, and rye is attributed to fertile crescent and thereafter they were domesticated through Neolithic evolution. The history of domestication of each Pooideae crop is distinct and is based on their purpose. Recently, breeding of these crops is performed differently due to the development of new technologies such as genomics and genome editing. This review article summarizes the evolutionary history of the members of the subfamily Pooideae and use of pre-existing information for future breeding efforts.

Characterization of Amylolytic Activity by a Marine-Derived Yeast Sporidiobolus pararoseus PH-Gra1

  • Kwon, Yong Min;Choi, Hyun Seok;Lim, Ji Yeon;Jang, Hyeong Seok;Chung, Dawoon
    • Mycobiology
    • /
    • 제48권3호
    • /
    • pp.195-203
    • /
    • 2020
  • Marine yeasts have tremendous potential in industrial applications but have received less attention than terrestrial yeasts and marine filamentous fungi. In this study, we have screened marine yeasts for amylolytic activity and identified an amylase-producing strain PH-Gra1 isolated from sea algae. PH-Gra1 formed as a coral-red colony on yeast-peptone-dextrose (YPD) agar; the maximum radial growth was observed at 22 ℃, pH 6.5 without addition of NaCl to the media. Based on the morphology and phylogenetic analyses derived from sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and a D1/D2 domain of large subunit of ribosomal DNA, PH-Gra1 was designated Sporidiobolus pararoseus. S. pararoseus is frequently isolated from marine environments and known to produce lipids, carotenoids, and several enzymes. However, its amylolytic activity, particularly the optimum conditions for enzyme activity and stability, has not been previously characterized in detail. The extracellular crude enzyme of PH-Gra1 displayed its maximum amylolytic activity at 55 ℃, pH 6.5, and 0%-3.0% (w/v) NaCl under the tested conditions, and the activity increased with time over the 180-min incubation period. In addition, the crude enzyme hydrolyzed potato starch more actively than corn and wheat starch, and was stable at temperatures ranging from 15 ℃ to 45 ℃ for 2 h. This report provides a basis for additional studies of marine yeasts that will facilitate industrial applications.

Theory and Practices of Water Pollution Control by Wetland - a Case Study of Reed Wetland in Baiyangdian Lake

  • Li, Guibao;Zhou, Huaidong;Liu, Fang;Wang, Dianwu
    • 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국수자원학회 2004년도 학술발표회
    • /
    • pp.72-76
    • /
    • 2004
  • Wetland is an important eco-system on the earth and can effectively control agricultural non-point source pollution. Reed is a typical wetland plant for land/inland water ecotone in north China. The studies indicated that reed had a underground rooted-stem, which formed a 'high speeded-connecting vessels' i.e. reed root channel (RRC) in Baiyangdian lake of Hebei province. It spread predominantly along horizontal direction underground and are mainly distributed at 18-75 cm. The results of field work from healthy reed-wetland (HRW) and regarded reed-wetland (RRW) showed that the reed, averagely, in HRW is 4.2 m height, 1 cm diameter, 65/m2 density; in RRW is 2.4 m height, 3 mm diameter, 86/m2 density. These results indicated the regradation of the function of RRC in RRW. The results of laboratory work of sewage purification from reed soil column (RSC) $(0\~100cm)$ and wheat soil column (WSC) showed that the efficiency of purification to sewage, in RSC, is high than in WSC, especially for phosphorus. The efficiency of purification, in RSC, is $92.6\%$ for total phosphorus, $43.5\%$ for total nitrogen, $54.1\%$ fur COD, respectively; in WSC, is $86.0\%$ for total phosphorus, $241.3\%$ for total nitrogen, $29.8\%$ for COD, respectively.

  • PDF

Application of data mining and statistical measurement of agricultural high-quality development

  • Yan Zhou
    • Advances in nano research
    • /
    • 제14권3호
    • /
    • pp.225-234
    • /
    • 2023
  • In this study, we aim to use big data resources and statistical analysis to obtain a reliable instruction to reach high-quality and high yield agricultural yields. In this regard, soil type data, raining and temperature data as well as wheat production in each year are collected for a specific region. Using statistical methodology, the acquired data was cleaned to remove incomplete and defective data. Afterwards, using several classification methods in machine learning we tried to distinguish between different factors and their influence on the final crop yields. Comparing the proposed models' prediction using statistical quantities correlation factor and mean squared error between predicted values of the crop yield and actual values the efficacy of machine learning methods is discussed. The results of the analysis show high accuracy of machine learning methods in the prediction of the crop yields. Moreover, it is indicated that the random forest (RF) classification approach provides best results among other classification methods utilized in this study.

Effects of Protein Supply from Soyhulls and Wheat Bran on Ruminal Metabolism, Nutrient Digestion and Ruminal and Omasal Concentrations of Soluble Non-ammonia Nitrogen of Steers

  • Kim, Jeong-Hoon;Oh, Young-Kyoon;Kim, Kyoung-Hoon;Choi, Chang-Won;Hong, Seong-Koo;Seol, Yong-Joo;Kim, Do-Hyung;Ahn, Gyu-Chul;Song, Man-Kang;Park, Keun-Kyu
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제22권9호
    • /
    • pp.1267-1278
    • /
    • 2009
  • Three beef steers fitted with permanent cannulae in the rumen and duodenum were used to determine the effects of protein supply from soyhulls (SH) and wheat bran (WB) on ruminal metabolism, blood metabolites, nitrogen metabolism, nutrient digestion and concentrations of soluble non-ammonia nitrogen (SNAN) in ruminal (RD) and omasal digesta (OD). In a 3${\times}$3 Latin square design, steers were offered rice straw and concentrates formulated either without (control) or with two brans to increase crude protein (CP) level (9 vs. 11% dietary DM for control and bran-based diets, respectively). The brans used were SH and WB that had similar CP contents but different ruminal CP degradability (52 vs. 80% CP for SH and WB, respectively) for evaluating the effects of protein degradability. Ruminal ammonia concentrations were higher for bran diets (p<0.01) than for the control, and for WB (p<0.001) compared to the SH diet. Similarly, microbial nitrogen and blood urea nitrogen were significantly increased (p<0.05) by bran and WB diets, respectively. Retained nitrogen tended (p<0.082) to be increased by SH compared with the WB diet. Intestinal and total tract CP digestion was enhanced by bran diets. In addition, bran diets tended (p<0.085) to increase intestinal starch digestion. Concentrations of SNAN fractions in RD and OD were higher (p<0.05) for bran diets than for the control, and for WB than for the SH diet. More rumendegraded protein supply resulting from a higher level and degradability of CP released from SH and WB enhanced ruminal microbial nitrogen synthesis and ruminal protein degradation. Thus, free amino acids, peptides and soluble proteins from microbial cells as well as degraded dietary protein may have contributed to increased SNAN concentrations in the rumen and, consequently, the omasum. These results indicate that protein supply from SH and WB, having a low level of protein (13 and 16%, respectively), could affect ruminal metabolism and nutrient digestion if inclusion level is relatively high (>20%).

식용피 첨가에 의한 밀가루 반죽 및 국수의 특성 (Characteristics of Wheat Flour Dough and Noodles with Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa spp.))

  • 이윤상;윤향식;이상영;이정관;박철수;서우덕;우선희;송인규
    • 한국식품영양학회지
    • /
    • 제25권4호
    • /
    • pp.706-712
    • /
    • 2012
  • 국내에서 재배한 식용피의 소비 촉진을 위해 식용피 첨가가 밀가루의 제면 특성과 국수의 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 밀가루에 식용피를 10~30% 첨가한 혼합분의 물리적인 특성, 아밀로오스 함량과 호화 특성, 단백질 함량과 침전가, 면대 두께 및 색도, 물성을 분석하였으며, 국수의 관능검사를 실시하였다. 식용피의 입자 크기와 회분은 $161.40{\mu}m$, 0.53%이었으며, 밀가루는 $82.11{\mu}m$와 0.53%이었다. 식용피 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 혼합분의 입자 크기는 증가와 회분 함량은 증가하였으며, 명도는 감소하였다. 호화 특성인 최고점도(peak viscosity), holding strength, 최종점도(final viscosity), setback은 식용피가 밀에 비해 높게 나타났으며, 식용피 첨가량에 따른 혼합분의 호화 특성은 일정한 경향을 보이지 않았다. 식용피 첨가에 의해 단백질 함량은 14.18%에서 11.96%로 감소하였으며, 침전가 또한 $54m{\ell}$에서 $32m{\ell}$로 감소하였다. 면대 두께는 1.65~1.8 mm로 범위에 속하였으며, 식용피 20% 첨가까지는 유의차가 없은 것으로 나타났다. 식용피 첨가에 의해 국수의 경도, 탄성, 점성은 모두 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 관능검사 결과, 식용피 첨가량 20%까지는 맛과 전반적인 기호도면에서 밀가루 국수와 유의차가 없는 것으로 나타났다.

도토리 녹말의 이용에 관한 연구 -제 1 보 도토리 녹말의특성- (Studies on the Utilization of Acorn Starch -Part I. Properties of Acorn Starch-)

  • 정동효;유태종;최병규
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
    • /
    • 제18권2호
    • /
    • pp.102-108
    • /
    • 1975
  • 도토리를 식량자원으로 활용하기 위하여 생산량녹말제조 및 도토리 녹말의 각종 특성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 도토리는 당질 72.8%함유한 종실로서 연간 l,200,000 l 이상이 생산되어 새로운 녹말자원이 될 수 있을 것같다. 2) 도토리의 타닌성분은 gallic acid, catechin chlorogenic acid 등의 세 성분이 확인되었고 gallocatechin의 한 성분으로 추정되었다. 3) 도토리 녹말의 모양은 계란형으로 그 직경은 $3.5{\sim}5.2{\mu}$ 에서 $8.0{\sim}19.5{\mu}$이였다. 4) 호화온도는 $62{\sim}64^{\circ}C$은 쌀녹말과 같고 옥수수 녹말(86.2)이나 밀녹말(87.3)보다 낮다. 5) Amylose 함량은 27.1%로 이것은 보리$(28.5{\sim}29.4)$보다 낮고 감자(26.0)보다 높다. 6) 팽창력은 12.4로 감자녹말(10.5)보다 높고 일반 곡물녹말보다 낮다. 7) Blue value는 0.43으로 밀녹말(0.41)과 비슷하고 고구마(3.5) 쌀녹말$(0.06{\sim}0.39)$ 보다 높고 보리(0.51)보다 낮은 값이다. 8) Alkali number는 11.03으로 옥수수녹말$(10.0{\sim}12.1)$과 같고 보리(6.78)와 발$(4.8{\sim}7.1)$보다 높다.

  • PDF