• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.754-760
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• 2004

한국산 밀의 이화학적 특성과 sugar-snap cookie의 제조적성을 알아보고자 시판 밀가루 4종류와 국내산 밀 6품종을 본 연구에 공시하여 검토한 바 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 밀가루 종류 및 품종에 따라서 AWRC는 42.7-65.2%, Pelshenke 값은 17-43min, 침전가는 19.6-49.5mL이었고, RVA에 의한 initial pasting temp.는 $68.4-74.5^{\circ}C$이었으며, mixograph mixing time은 1.3-3.5min이었다. Sugar-snap cookie의 직경은 7.1-7.9cm, spread factor는 102-139%로서 시판 박력분과 우리밀이 가장 좋았다. Mixograph peak height와 단백질 함량 및 AWRC와는 $r=0.704^*$ 및 $r=0.648^*$의 정의상관이 있었다. Cookie의 직경은 밀가루의 단백질 함량과 $r=-0.891^{**}$, AWRC와는 $r=-0.736^{**}$, 침전가와는 $r=-0.734^*$의 고도의 부의 상관이 있었다. Cookie spread factor와 mixograph peak height와는 $r=-0.855^{**}$, 7-min height와는 $r=-0.810^{**}$의 고도의 부의 상관성이 있었으며, cookie top grain score와 단백질 함량은 $r=-0.899^{**}$, 침전가와는 $r=-0.742^{**}$의 부의 상관을 보여 cookie의 특성은 밀가루의 단백질 함량에 따라서 크게 영향을 받는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.61-61
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• 2022

For high quality bread wheat production in Korea, it is necessary to develop optimal nitrogen (N) fertilizer methods. For optimal N fertilizer, we evaluated the alteration of growth, yield, yield components and end-use qualities according to the treatment of N fertilizer amounts and timings at heading stages. Growth, yield, yield components, and end-use quality weren't altered by various timings of N fertilizer treatment conditions whereas, 1,000 grain weight and lodging degree was increased by increasing amounts of N fertilizer treatment conditions at 7 days after heading (7 DAH). Especially, lodging degree was significantly increased by 6kg/10a of N fertilizer treatment conditions at 7 DAH. The flour protein contents increased by various amounts of N fertilizer treatment conditions. However, SDS-sedimentation and bread loaf volumes were decreased by exceeding 6kg/10a of N fertilizer treatment conditions at 7 DAH. When considering the quality of bread, 6kg/10a N fertilizer treatment is best, but 3kg/10a N fertilizer treatment is more suitable for both quality and lodging at 7 DAH. Therefore, it is preferable to fertilize 3kg/10a of nitrogen at 7 DAH in addition to standard fertilizer when cultivate bread wheat.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2016

Mealworms, Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), are widely used as food sourcefor animal rearing as well as human diet. Conventionally, mealworms raised on wheat bran. In this study, we investigated the effects of brewer's spent grain (BSG) on the growth of mealworm larvae to reduce the rearing cost. We prepared five different diets with various BSG content, 0, 10, 30, 50, and 70% of heated air dried BSG with wheat bran. We compared survivorship, larval weight, developmental duration, pupation rate, and pupal weight of five different groups of T. molitor raised on these five diets. The larval survivorships were almost similar with the control group except a group with 70% of BSG. For the larval weight, groups with 30% and 50% of BSG gained more weight than that with control treatment, 0% of BSG. For the developmental period, the groups with 30% of BSG took less time compared to the control group. In all treatment groups, more than 90% of pupation rate were observed. Especially, the group with 30% of BSG showed highest pupation rate among the five groups. Wheat bran with 30~50% of BSG was the optimal diet for successive insect rearing among the five diet treatments. Based on this study, we concluded that adding BSG to wheat bran helps to improve the quality of T. molitor and to reduce the rearing period.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2014

A 9-week feeding experiment was designed to test the effects of the dietary inclusion of distillers dried grain (DDG) on the growth performance, body composition, and antioxidant activity of juvenile rockfish Sebastes schlegeli. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were formulated to contain 0% DDG (DDG0), 7% and 14% DDG from rice (diets DDG-R7 and DDG-R14, respectively), as well as 7% and 14% DDG from rice and wheat flour (diets DDG-RW7 and DDG-RW14, respectively). Three replicate groups of juvenile rockfish averaging $68.0{\pm}0.4g$ were fed one of the diets to apparent satiation twice a day. Survival, weight gain, feed efficiency, and the protein efficiency ratio of fish were not affected by dietary DDG (P > 0.05). Proximate and amino acid compositions of the whole body were not affected by dietary DDG (P > 0.05). Plasma total protein, glucose, total cholesterol, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, phospholipid, and triglyceride were not affected by dietary DDG (P > 0.05). Radical scavenging activity on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) in the plasma of rockfish fed the DDG-RW14 diet was higher than that of fish fed the DDG0 diet (P < 0.05). Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity in the liver of rockfish fed diets containing DDG was higher than that of fish fed the DDG0 diet (P < 0.05). Alkyl radical scavenging activity in the liver of rockfish fed the DDG-R7 diet was higher than that of fish fed the DDG0 diet (P < 0.05). These results suggest that DDG is a suitable ingredient for the partial replacement of wheat flour and can be used at a rate of up to 14% in the diet without incurring negative effects on the growth performance or body chemical composition of juvenile rockfish.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.1300-1307
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• 2007

This study assessed the possible role of different traits in selected plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for improving wheat growth and yield under natural conditions. Rhizobacteria exhibiting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC)-deaminase activity were isolated and screened for their growth-promoting activity in wheat under axenic conditions. Five isolates belonging to Pseudomonas and one Burkholderia caryophylli isolate that showed promising performances under axenic conditions were selected and characterized for in vitro ACC-deaminase activity, chitinase activity, auxin production, P solubilization, and root colonization. These isolates were then used as inocula for wheat cultivated under natural conditions in pot and/or field trials. Significant increases in root elongation, root weight, tillers per pot, 1,000-grain weight, and grain and straw yields were observed in response to inoculation with PGPR in the pot trials. Inoculation with these PGPR was also effective under field conditions and increased the wheat growth and yield significantly. However, the efficacy of the strains was inconsistent under the axenic, pot, and field conditions. Pseudomonas fluorescens ($ACC_{50}$), which exhibited a relatively high in vitro ACC-deaminase activity, chitinase activity, auxin production, and P solubilization and more intensive root colonization, was the most efficient isolate under the field conditions. Therefore, these results demonstrated that ACC-deaminase activity is an efficient parameter for the selection of promising PGPR under axenic conditions. However, additional traits of PGPR, including auxin production, chitinase activity, P solubilization, and root colonization, are also important for selecting PGPR as biofertilizers.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.704-710
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• 2005

The objective of this experiment was to compare corn and wheat in finishing pig diets in order to determine whether performance, carcass quality, fatty acid composition or fat colour is altered by choice of cereal grain. A total of 126 crossbred pigs were used in this experiment. At the start of the experiment, a portion of the experimental animals were assigned to receive a wheat-based diet formulated using soybean meal as the sole source of supplementary protein. The remainder of the pigs were assigned to a corn-based diet formulated to supply a similar level of lysine (0.65%) and energy (3,300 kcal/kg DE). At two week intervals, a portion of the pigs on the corn-based diet were switched to the wheat-based diet so that a gradient was produced with pigs being fed the corn and wheatbased diets for different proportions of the finishing period ranging from 100% on wheat to 100% on corn. There were no significant differences in the growth rate of pigs fed the two diets (p = 0.834). Pigs fed wheat tended to consume slightly less feed (p = 0.116) and had a significantly improved feed conversion (p = 0.048) compared with pigs fed corn. Choice of cereal did not affect dressing percentage (p = 0.691), carcass value index (p = 0.146), lean yield (p = 0.134), loin fat (p = 0.127) or loin lean (p = 0.217). Fatty acid composition of backfat was unaffected by the cereal grain fed (p>0.05). Total saturated fatty acid content was 33.31% for both corn and wheat fed pigs (p = 0.997) while the polyunsaturated fatty acid content was 12.01% for corn fed pigs and 11.21% for wheat fed pigs (p = 0.257). The polyunsaturated/saturated ratio was 0.36 for pigs fed corn and 0.34 for pigs fed wheat (p = 0.751). Hunter Lab Colour Scores indicated no difference either in the whiteness or yellowness of the fat. In conclusion, wheat can substitute for corn in growingfinishing pig rations without detrimental effects on pig performance. There were no differences in either the fatty acid composition of backfat or in backfat colour indicating that the decision to use wheat vs. corn needs to be made on economic grounds rather than being based on their effects on fat quality.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 1985년도 추계 학술대회지
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• pp.19-19
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• 1985

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.131-139
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• 1985

이모작재배에 적합한 극조숙 양질 다수성 소맥품종육성을 위하여 등수기간에 관여하는 유전자 작용에 대한 연구는 매우 중요하다. 추파성품종 Yam-hill과 Hyslop, 춘파성품종 Red Bobs와 Siete Cellos를 사용하여 4 $\times$ 4 complete diallel crosses F$_1$, F$_2$, BC$_1$ 및 BC$_2$를 작성, Jinks-Hay-man model를 이용하여 등숙기간에 관여하는 유전자 작용을 분석하였다. 본 시험은 오레곤 주립대학교에서 실시되었다. 그 결과의 개요는 다음과 같다. 전등숙기간인 출수에서 생리적 성숙기까지의 기간과 출수에서 개화까지의 기간에서 maternal effect 가 인정되지 않았으며 비대립유전자간 상호작용도 발현되지 않았다. 개화에서 생리적 성숙기까지의 기간에서는 비대립유전자간에 상호작용이 인정되었다. 춘파성 품종인 Red Bobs와 Siete Cellos는 전등숙기간과 출수에서 개화까지의 기간을 지배하는 우성유전자들을 가지고 있었으며 짧은 쪽에 비하여 긴쪽이 우성으로 발현되고 있었다. 대조적으로 추파성 품종인 Yamhill 과 Hyslop은 개화에서 생리적 성숙기까지의 기간을 지배하는 우성유전자들을 가지고 있었으며 긴쪽이 우성으로 작용하고 있었다. 그리고 이 유전자들은 문배친들간에 독립적으로 분포되어 있었다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.30-34
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• 2001

쌀에 혼합취반이 가능한 혼식용 혼합쌀의 제조를 위해 곡물원료인 현미, 보리쌀, 밀, 조, 수수, 콩, 팥에 대한 물리화학적 특성 및 압출성형 특성을 조사하였다. 혼합쌀의 제조에 사용한 곡물은 전분, 단백질, 지방, 희분 및 총 식이섬유함량에서 서로 차이를 보여주었다. 곡분은 명도에 있어 백미, 보리쌀, 콩, 현미, 밀, 수수, 팥, 조의 순으로 낮았으며, 대부분 적황색도를 나타내었으나 곡종에 따라 다소간의 차이를 보여주었다. 곡분의 평균입자크기는 백미, 보리쌀과 같이 도정한 곡물에서 작았으며 현미, 조, 수수 같이 강층을 포함하는 정곡에서 다소 큰 것으로 분석되었다. 곡분의 손상전분 함량은 곡류에서 $5.4{\sim}10.9%$ 범위였으며 콩과 팥에서는 $0.5{\sim}1.4%$로 낮았다. 곡분의 수분흡수지수는 팥, 백미, 수수, 현미, 밀, 조, 보리쌀, 콩의 순으로 낮았으며 수분용해도지수는 두류인 콩과 팥에서 높게 나타났다. 혼합쌀 제조시에 곡종에 따른 이화학적 특성차이가 혼합쌀의 압출성형가공에 크게 영향을 주었으며, 현미 50%, 보리쌀 20%, 밀 10%, 조 5%, 수수 5%, 콩 7%, 팥 3%의 적정 배합비로 압출성형한 혼합쌀은 일반쌀과 혼용이 가능한 형태인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.59-65
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• 1980

한국산 triticale과 연질 밀을 사용하여 그들의 이화학적 특성, 제분 특성 및 제품 특성을 조사하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. Triticale은 단백질 함량이 높고 아미노산 조성도 밀 보다 양호하였으나 제한 아미노산은 역시 lysine이었다. 2. Triticale 의 식품 이용상의 문제점은 밀가루 수율이 떨어진다는 점과 $\alpha-amylase$ 역가가 높다는 점이었다. 3. 밀가루 수율이 밀보다 약 10% 정도 낮았으며 제빵으로 이용하는 경우 빵의 용적이 밀 보다 떨어졌다. 4. 그러나 triticale도 국수 제조에는 큰 문제가 없었으며 $M_{1}A$ 품종의 경우 특히 국수 적성이 양호하였다.