• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.43-56
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• 2014

In this study, ecological investigation was performed on Yong-neup, Daeam-san for 5 times. This area is considered DMZ zone located between Yanggu-gun and Inje-gun, Gangwon-do, where has been recognized highly valuable for ecological preservation. As a result, Sphagnum and hydrophobic vegetation were found in Little Yong-neup, revealing its characteristics of high moor, where as no Sphagnum were found in Baby Yong-neup. Thereby, the carnification has been investigated in both Little Yong-neup and Baby Yong-neup. A main cause of damage was associated with the creation of stating rink and increases of visitors. The damages of vegetation in Little Yong-neup and Baby Yong-neup have been intensified by road construction or uses of groundwater while relocating military troops to upper stream of Little Yong-neup and Baby Yong-neup, further causing the damages of water circulation system and soil erosion. These artificial factors have caused the carnification of wetland protection areas including Little Yong-neup. The terrestrial vegetations, such as Plantago asiatica, Geranium Koreanum and Artemisia feddei have increased compared to current survey conducted by the Ministry of Environment. 5 endangered species, such as Lychnis wilfordii and Trientalis europaea and 5 other introduced species, such as Aster pilosus and Taraxacum officinale were found. 10 different species of mammal and 2 species of amphibian were investigated; and in addition to this, a original form of Sphagnum fens, the remaining wetland was found. Therefore, this study is to identify the causes of damages in Little Yong-neup and Baby Yong-neup through their ecological survey and accordingly proposing a direction for ecological restoration through the improvement of water circulation system, creation of habitats for plant and animal, restoration of vegetation through eco-friendly materials and indigeneity, relocation of the current military troops, securing of structural stability.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2006

As the imports of foreign agricultural products are liberalized and the consumption of agricultural products declines, abandoned rice paddy fields continues to rise. However, such abandoned rice paddy fields has not been precisely surveyed yet. In this backdrop, a necessity to develop technology to utilize such abandoned rice paddy fields has emerged. Utilization of abandoned rice paddy fields as wetlands may be a good example. This study aimed to survey the current status and characteristics of wetlands created within abandoned rice paddy fields by selecting abandoned rice paddy fields throughout the nation and conducting field surveys on the sites that had transformed into wetlands. The abandoned rice paddy fields almost transformed into wetland and the types of wetlands transformed from abandoned rice paddy fields were mainly Inland/Moutain/Depression/Abandoned rice paddy fields/Marsh/Phragmites communis community and Inland/Moutain/Depression/Abandoned rice paddy fields/Swamp/Salix koreensis community. Abandoned rice paddy fields that had transformed into wetlands was depending heavily on waterways for water supply than other reservoirs and lakes do. Abandoned rice paddy fields transformed into wetlands was most observed in mountainous area. Abandoned rice paddy fields are because agricultural land is no longer profitable due to international and social changes and is not cultivated as government policy. Wetland period and dimension originated from abandoned rice paddy fields are very various and its surrounding land its mostly forest and the next largest follow roads and rural community. The abandoned rice paddy fields transformed into wetlands is mostly deserted currently. Despite their value as wetlands, no restoration and utilization efforts are made in Korea today. Therefore, it is imperative to conduct a precise current status survey on these areas and introduce management and restoration plans at the government level in the case of important habitats.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.10-20
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• 2024

습지의 보전 및 복원은 지속 가능한 인간 사회와 환경을 위한 필수적 과제로, 생물다양성 유지, 자연재해 저감, 기후 변화 완화 등 중요한 혜택을 제공한다. 본 연구는 습지 복원 및 조성을 위한 다양한 이해관계자들 간의 전략적 상호작용과 이익을 게임 이론을 통해 분석하고, 정책 결정에 중요한 근거를 제공하고자 한다. 이 연구에서는 대도시, 중소도시, 소도시의 세 가지 도시 유형에 대해 가상의 상황을 설정하고, 정부, 개발회사, 환경단체, 지역 주민 등의 이해관계자를 정의하였다. 각 이해관계자별 전략적 선택 사항을 도출하고, 습지생태 전문가들의 논의를 통해 보수행렬을 설정하였다. 이후 비협력적 게임 이론을 적용하여 내쉬 균형과 파레토 효율성을 분석하였다. 대도시에서는 '습지 보존'과 '친환경 개발', 중소도시에서는 다양한 전략들, 그리고 소도시에서는 '친환경 개발'이 이해당사자 모두에게 이득이 되는 해결책으로 나타났다. 파레토 효율성 분석 결과, 각 도시 유형별로 습지 관리와 관련하여 이해당사자들 간의 최적의 해결책이 어떻게 달라질 수 있는지를 보여주었다. 도시 유형별로 습지 보존, 친환경 개발, 습지 복원 사업이 각각 중요하게 부각되었다. 이에 따라 정책 입안자들은 환경 보호와 도시 개발의 조화를 이루는 규제와 인센티브를 마련하고, 지역 사회의 참여를 촉진하는 프로그램을 고려해야 한다. 이해당사자별 역할과 전략을 통해 습지 보존과 지역 경제 발전을 동시에 촉진하는 방안을 모색해야 한다. 전략별 장단점을 이해하고, 이를 바탕으로 보다 효과적인 정책 결정을 내리는 것이 중요하다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to develop design model of ecological park as stormwater storage facilities. The results are as follows : First, the design model of ecological park as stormwater storage facilities consider ecological and landscape characteristics such as high efficiency of land use, function as disaster prevention, ecological water purification, formation of habitat for flora and fauna. Second, this study demonstrates two types of plane structure and eight types of designed section. They can be combined and designed depending on conditions of each site. The facilities of stormwater storage conduct disaster prevention system and ecological park. Retention pond in stormwater storage facilities for ecological park also should be made for ecological restoration in the site. Third, the ecological park provide the basis for ecological network from in-site to out-site. Therefore its conservation and restoration plan consider the ecosystems of the site. Fourth, the most important factor for maintenance and management for retention pond is keeping water quality. Sustainable Structured wetland Biotop system is suggested for ecological water purification system in the retention pond which is one of the constructed wetland system using multi-celled aquatic plant and pond. This system can also provide habitat for animals and plants, water friendly park for men, and beautiful landscape.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.235-243
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• 2009

Wetlands considered to be an important natural resources because they provide biodiversity and habitat for species to breed and survive. In this regard, many countries in the world provide wetlands and have policies and laws to protect them. In Korea we hosted RAMSAR COP-10 at Changwon in 2008 representing Korea's endeavor to wetland protection. But, in the process of development Wetlands are easy target to be lost due its easy access and the laws and regulations to protect them are relatively weak. Thus, this research focused on the introduction of No Wetland Loss(NWL) and we can achieve wetland protection in the economy market ways. Thus, NWL should consider 1) a clear definition of NWL and harmony and consensus of introduction of NWL, 2) considering most wetlands be private we need a financial support for securing wetlands, 3) inventories for wetlands in Korea, draw a line of demarcation, technic to evaluate wetlands, 4) wetland restoration considering function of ecosystem not total amount of wetlands. Wetland protection should be a part of Basic Law of Water Management which in its progress and we need further studies on wetland protection because of watershed management, deserted agricultural paddies, etc.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.11-25
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• 2001

A wetland is an ecosystem which is the most useful and highly-energetic transition area. This study has been carried out to classify and identify the various types of wetlands in Korea. The main objective of this study are 1) defining and classifying of wetlands, and 2) identifying the wetlands characteristics, and 3) studying cases on the natural wetlands such as Han river, DMZ(Demillitarized Zone), Upo wetland and Yong(Dragon) wetland. The results as follows： 1) Development of the indices for identifying and classifying wetlands in encompassing in such as Ramsar Conference, US NWI(National Wetlands Inventory), Hydrogeomorphic system. 2) Development on the classifying method on the wetlands in the level of supersystem, system, subsystem, class and subclass. The systems include Palustrine and Riverine, and the subsystems are Seasonal, Permanent(Palustrine) and Impersistent, Lower perennial, Impersistent (Riverine). 3) Finally, we find out Young wetland is Palustrine/Permanent/Slope/Persistent, and Upo wetland consists of various types of wetlands, those are, Palustrine/Permanent/Depression/Forest Deciduous, Palustrine/Permanent/Depression/Shrub Deciduous, Palustrine/Permanent/Depression/Persistent, Palustrine /Permanent/Depression/Hydrophytes, and Lacustrine/Permanent/Openwater/Hydrophytes. The taxonomy of this study stems from identifying and classifying wetlands with indices mainly based on hydrologic features and substrates. So, it is needed that consequent studies are to be performed with various viewpoints. And the studying cases were limited because of the restricted entrance into the DMZ, And, we selected only 10 crucial sites in Han river as the subject for wetlands regulation and creation. And, for advanced studies, drawing up inventory and mapping are necessary.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2010

It is very difficult to control the expansion of reed at a wetland ecological park due to their aggressive reproduction capability. Therefore, proper topography and wetland hydrology should be provided before the construction of a wetland ecological park. Appropriate measures should be taken at the initial stages to prevent reed expansion. Field experiments were conducted at the newly constructed wetland ecological park for 15 months to develop methods to control the reproduction and expansion of Phragmites communis. A complete shading method had the best effect on the prevention of reed reoccurrence among other methods. Complete removal of the rhizomes controlled the reed growth to a greater extent than cutting the aboveground shoots. Water-level manipulation was also better than a half-shading method for the prevention of reed reproduction. These results indicated that soil properties and edge effects can influence the reed growth. Cutting only the aboveground shoots facilitates the growth of reed. These results suggest that reed control should be implemented repeatedly and an alteration in the wetland topography and hydrology may be more effective in the long term. Combination of treatments such as water-level management with shading should be considered to control the growth of reed. Adoptive management for created or restored ecosystem might be considered for accomplishment of its original purpose.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.167-177
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• 2015

This study was conducted to establish an inventory and propose conservation strategies for 'village wetlands' in Asan city, Korea, using GIS. As results, the village wetlands are defined as such places as 'palustrine' wetland, village embankment, agricultural reservoir or small reservoirs located in or near the village and related to everyday life or farming. Firstly 807 provisional village wetlands(draft) were identified in Asan by using Arc-GIS 10.1, then 196 wetlands(final) were defined finally as village wetlands and listed the inventory of Asan Village Wetlands after being validated through office works and field survey. The office works analyzed minimum area(greater than $625m^2$), satellite images, the Korea Land Information System, land use map and land coverage map. To evaluate the function and conservation values, the 37 wetlands were selected for detailed surveying and function assessment based on the following criteria : 1) doubled code both wetland and reservoir at digital map, 2) located less than 100m from village and 3) ecologically connected to such ecological resources as seaside mudflats, mountains and green area and ecological passages for small size wildlifes. As the result of the wetland function assessments by the RAM method, 7 wetlands were found to have 'high' wetland function (conservation) 18 wetlands were 'medium' (enhancement) and 12 wetlands were 'low' (restoration or enhancement). Enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem services through ecological management of wetlands in Asan and connecting with the Ecological Natural Degree were proposed.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.50-61
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• 2008

Environmental factors and phragmites growth properties at various habitats in Eulsukdo ecological park were investigated to understand major factors affecting phragmites distribution in constructed wetlands. Although phragmites is very important species in wetland ecosystem, it should be controlled to prevent excessive expansion within the restricted park area. The results showed that phragmites dominant sites have the highest LAI among other emerged plants habitats and could adversely affect for waders habitats. Phragmites were also found at the areas with wide ranges of water-depth than other plants, and showed phragmites could be favored for occupying the newly constructed wetlands like Eulsukdo ecological park. The results showed difference in soil redox potential between phragmites dominant and non-dominant sites. Because soil redox potential is affected by wetland hydrology like flooding duration, control of wetland hydrology should be considered for creation and management of constructed wetlands. The results also showed that differences in soil cation exchange capacity, soil salinity, soil organic matter content and site inclination between phragmites dominant and non-dominant sites as well as brackish and freshwater areas. Those abiotic factors can be important considerations for the sustainable wetland management especially for the phragmitest managements in the ecological park.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.465-473
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• 2016

본 연구는 국립생태원 캠퍼스 내에서 주요 습지로 자리잡은 국립생태원 건립 전의 논을 자연의 과정에 맡긴 습지, 물길을 내어 자발적 복원을 유도한 습지 그리고 생태적 원리에 바탕을 두고 복원 처리한 저수지, 즉 생태연못을 대상으로 식생의 정착과정을 모니터링하여 복원의 진행정도를 평가하기 위해 수행하였다. 경관변화 분석 결과, 국립생태원의 현존 습지는 주로 이전의 논에 기원하였고, 일부는 주거지와 산림에서 기원한 것으로 나타났다. 식생의 종 조성 변화에서 초기에는 경작식물이나 인간 간섭에 내성을 갖는 식물이 우세한 경향이었으나 복원이 진행됨에 따라 인간 간섭에 의해 제거되었던 식물들과 습지의 생태적 특성에 어울리는 식물들이 늘어나는 경향을 보였다. 종 다양성과 외래종 출현 비율은 둘 다 복원 사업 진행 단계에서 가장 높았고, 복원 후와 복원 전 단계 순으로 이어져 외래종의 침입이 종 다양성에 영향을 미친 것으로 나타났다. 생태연못에서 나타난 변화는 수변 완충용으로 도입한 식생의 성공적인 정착이 두드러져 향후 외부로부터 오는 환경영향을 완충하는데 크게 기여할 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합할 때, 국립생태원에 성립한 습지식생의 변화는 묵논에서 일어나는 전형적인 천이 초기과정의 모습을 보여 성공적인 복원을 이루어내고 있는 것으로 평가되었다. 최소한의 인위적 보조를 가한 생태연못에서도 복원의 과정은 성공적으로 진행되고 있다고 평가할 수 있다. 특히 다양한 생태적 기능을 발휘할 수 있는 완충식생대의 성공적인 정착은 의미있는 복원효과로 평가할 수 있다. 그러나 아직 완충식생대가 빈약한 구역에 대해서는 그 질을 개선하기 위한 적응관리대책이 요구되었다.