• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.200-211
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• 1998

Most of college women are interested in their appearances, and those whose body weights are normal or even underweight try to lose weight. Many methods for weight control diets practiced by college women are unsound and irrational so that some side-effects should be watched out. The present study was aimed to investigate methods of diets, food habits, behaviors, and side effects of weight control and to suggest sound weight loss schemes for college women. The subjects were 353 college women living in Taegu and Kyung Buk area, comprising 178 women who have tried weight control diets and 175 women who have not tried diets. The items included in questionnaires were food habits, food behavoirs, food frequency, physical activity status, 24-hour daily activity record, height, weight, etc., and the survey was conducted in September 1997. There was no difference in body mass index between college women who have tried diets(20.1$\pm$2.26) and women who have not tried diets(19.3$\pm$1.58), and 24.2% of those who have tried diets had body mass index under 19. The leading reason for diets was to make better fitting for costumes(67%). While women who have tried diets also tried to exercise more, they tended to overeat than women who have not tried diets. Mean of food habit scores(9.33 vs 9.32) which corresponded to "poor" habit and food frequencies were not different with or without experiences of diets. This indicated that diets were not related to actual changes of food habits and food intakes. Diet methods used frequently by college women were relying on special diet foods(25.4%), fasting(24.9%) and exercise(22.6%). Trying both exercise and diet was practiced by only 5.1% of the subjects who have tried diets. The duration time of diets was mostly in the range of 1 week to 1 month, and the longer diet period was, the more weight loss was. The frequent side effects due to diets were anemia(41.8%) and enervation(23.7%). Activity coefficients were lower in those who have tried diets(1.38$\pm$0.13) than those who have not tried diets(1.41$\pm$0.19). Women who have tried diets spent more time on reading newspapers and magazines and on watching TV. This study indicates that college women who have tried diets practiced irrational diets for weight reduction and experienced undesirable side-effects. Therefore scientific and systematic weight reduction programs accompanying balanced diets and proper exercise with behavior changes should be developed.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the pattern and factors associated with women's use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) during postpartum in Korea. Methods: With a descriptive survey design, data of 423 postpartum women were collected via online and offline surveys. Results: A total of 251 women (59.3%) reported CAM use during postpartum. Eating animal-based foods (65.3%), plant-based health foods (52.2%), and using oriental medicine (31.8%) were commonly used in postpartum women. The reason for using CAM were physical recovery (39.1%), breastfeeding (29.7%), weight loss (24.8%), prevention of postpartum complications (5.1%), and others (1.3%). People who recommended CAM use was mainly family (41.3%), and expense of using CAM was 751,188 Korea won. Most women discussed CAM use with doctor (44.9%), and 29.3% of women didn't even consult CAM use with health care providers. Most of (72.3%) women were satisfied with CAM use. Higher level of education and monthly income, being employed, primipara, normal range of gestational weight gain, no abortion experience, and no maternal complication were significantly associated with CAM use in postpartum women. Conclusion: Results of this study were somewhat different from those of western research. Findings offer baseline data of CAM use in postpartum women, and health care providers need to understand it when they care for them.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

This review describes the risk factors of the nutrition crisis in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections and suggests precision nutrition against long-term psychological and physiological stress. The mandatory quarantine and the social distancing are associated with an interruption of the lifestyle routine, resulting in psychological (i.e., boredom) and physiological stress. The stress with multiple causes and forms induces over-compensation of energy-dense food, such as sugary comfort food, and is defined as "food craving" because carbohydrates positively affect the psychological stability with serotonin secretion. The consumption of foods that promote an immune response against viral infections (vitamins & minerals; Cu, folate, Fe, Se, Zn, and Vit A, B6, B12, C, and D), reduce inflammatory cytokines (w-3 fatty acids, Vit D, fibers, and Mg), contain antioxidants (beta-carotene, Vit E, C, Se, and phenolics), and sleep-inducing proteins (serotonin, melatonin, and milk products) is essential. In addition, a reduced Vit D deficiency in winter due to less time spent outdoors under quarantine has been reported to be associated with viral infections. The case fatality rate of COVID-19 was significantly dependent on age, sex, race, and underlying health condition. To prevent malnutrition and cachexia in elderly people, weight loss and muscle wasting should be monitored and controlled. Inadequate protein intake, sedentary lifestyle, and inflammation are significant risk factors for sarcopenia. Moreover, relatively high intakes of fat or carbohydrate compared to low protein intake result in abdominal obesity, which is defined as "sarcopenic obesity." Keeping the food-safety guidelines of COVID-19, this study recommends the consumption of fresh and healthy foods and avoiding sugar, fat, salt, alcohol, and commercially frozen foods.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.42-48
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• 2000

The study was designed to observe the effect of complete listing for 10 days on body fatness, serum leptin level and lipid profile in thirty women who were admitted to fasting Clinical Program in Kyung-Hee Oriental Medical Center. Most of the subjects had food habits of over-eating and preferred oily foods which was correlated to the increase of body weight and BMI during realimentation. Average loss of body weight was 7.98kg and waist-hip ratio was significantly decreased during fasting. Body weight showed significant positive correlation with body fat(r=0.8182), lean body mass(r=0.7797) and total body water(r=0.7563). Body fat was gradually reduced after 9 days fasting, but lean body mass was not diminished any more after 7 days luring. Serum leptin level was significantly decreased after luring and re-feeding. The leptin showed significant positive correlation with body weight(r=0.9324), body mass index(r=0.8279) and body fat(r=0.8376). The levels of serum total cholesterol and LDL-C were significantly increased but HDL-C level was significantly decreased after fasting which increased could be harmful for persons with hypercholesterolemia. VLDL-C and triglyceride levels were not significantly decreased after fasting. Serum total free fatty acid level was significantly increased after fasting. These data suggest that the best way of maintaining the reduced body weight was to carry out the modification of food habits and behavior in daily lift. It could not be recommended to repeat often complete luting for reduction of body weight. (Korean J Nutrition 33(1) : 42-48, 2000)

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2003

In Current Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan (Fifth Revised Edition), standard composition values of food used regularly in Japan are shown by values per 100g of their edible portion, with one value of standard composition per one foodstuff as a rule. In the Explanation (Chapter 1) and Reference Data (Chapter 4) of the original table, the most important matters are mentioned, including the table of the weight change rate by cooking, the table of the outline of the cookery, and the formula of the actual amount of intake nutrition. These are helpful for an understanding of the actual amount of intake nutrition. The formula for the amount of purchase in consideration of the amount of refuse is also shown. Information concerning foodstuffs and composition items in the table as well as important points in the reference column are concurrently written in English. As related studies, the composition tables by values per 100m1 or considered loss, the table or the formula for estimation of the amount of sucrose, and the list of the composition extant rate after cooking, among others, are also provided. Users should understand the original composition table, and then suggest how to utilize it. (J Community Nutrition 5(2) : 65∼71, 2003)

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.558-570
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• 2015

To develop and industrialize functional foods containing peanut sprout extract (PSE) and powder (PSP), the present study investigated the quality characteristics and antioxidant effects of breads prepared with 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10% PSE and PSP. The expansion ratio of the dough, the quality characteristics such as volume, weight, specific volume, baking loss, color, texture, and sensory preference were evaluated. There were significant differences in the bread volume and specific volume among the control, PSE and PSP groups (p<0.001). Additionally, the weight and baking loss were decreased with an increasing amount of PSP (p<0.001). As the amount of PSE and PSP were increased, the L value of the crumb decreased, whereas the a and b values of the crumb significantly increased (p<0.001), suggesting that the crumb color of the bread may be significancy (p<0.001). As the amount of PSE and PSP increased, the hardness of bread significantly and rapidly increased from 5%. Meanwhile, there was no significance in springiness among the control, PSE and PSP groups. The total resveratrol content and DPPH free radical-scavenging activity of the bread significantly increased depending on the amounts of PSE and PSP (p<0.001). In the overall acceptance test, no significant differences were observed in the color, flavour, or texture, however, the taste and overall acceptance were significantly decreased between the control and the PSE group. All the sensory characteristics in the PSP group were significantly reduced compared with the control. Considering the above results, it can be expected that the suitable amount of PSE and PSP substituted for wheat flour will be from 1.0 to 2.5%. Furthermore, follow-up studies are being carried out continuously.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.510-516
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• 1995

체지방이 30% 이상으로 비만이라 판정되는 20~62세의 지원자들에게 저열량 균형식, 무리하지 않은 유산소 운동 및 개인별 비만의 원인을 교정하고 평생체중을 조절하기 위한 영양상담과 교육을 포함한 행동수정을 통해 5주 동안 비만을 치료하고 성인병과 관련된 위험 요인들의 변화를 살펴보았다. 활동량, 식습관, 식이섭취조사를 실시하여 개인별 비만의 원인을 진단한 후 잘못된 식생활을 교정할 수 있도록 주 3회의 영양상담과 매주 1회의 영양교육을 실시하였다. 식이요법은 1일 1끼의식사와 3회의 조제식이를 통해 열량이 1200kcal 정도가 되고, 양질의 단백질, 비타민, 무기질은 성인 권장량의 100~150% 이상이 되도록 하였다. 식전에 식이섬유와 물을 복용하고 식사 기간은 20분 이상으로 천천히 섭취하도록 하였으며, 투긴음식, 가공식품, 패스트 푸두, 술, 청량음료, 달고 기름진 음식, 짜고 자극적인 음식 등은 제한하였다. 주당 3~5일간 1시간 정도의 가벼운 유산소 체조를 실험대상자 저원이 모여서 실시하였다. 먹은 식품, 활동, 운동, 감정상태, 피로여부 등을 일지로서 기록하게 하여 삼담을 통해 교정하고 관찰하여 긍정적인 내적동기를 갖도록 교육하였다. 비만치료 기간 중 탈락한 수는 총 16명 중 5명 (31.3%)이었으며, 비만도는 대상자의 대부분이 경증이고, 불규칙적인 식사, 빨리 먹는 습관, 과식, 짜게 먹는 습관, 야식, 음주 등의 비만의 원인이 되는 습관들을 가지고 있어 식습관 점수는 개선이 요구된다고 진단되었다. 5주동안의 비만치료로 체중은 평균 4.8kg(주당 0.96kg)이 감량 되었으며, 체지방, body mass index, 허리, 팔, 둔부의 둘레가 유의적으로 감소되었다. 혈압, 공복시의 혈당, 혈액증의 중성지방, 총콜레스테롤, HDL-콜레스테롤은 변화가 없었으나, LDL-콜레스테롤은 유의적으로 감소하였다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2005

분리 대두단백질과 옥수수 전분을 혼합한 복합 필름의 막 특성을 이용하여 메추리알을 코팅하고 저장성 향상 및 품질 유지를 증대시키고자 하였으며 복합 필름을 복합조리식품(샌드위치)에 적용하여 식빵의 품질을 유지하기 위한 저장 실험을 하였다. 메추리알에 필름 용액을 코팅시킨 후 저장 중 Haugh unit yolk index, 중량변화를 측정하였다. $25^{\circ}C,\;50\%\;RH$로 조절된 incubator에서 20일간 저장된 대조구와 복합 필름으로 코팅된 메추리알의 Haugh unit, yolk index를 측정한 결과 코팅 처리된 메추리알이 감소율이 적었으며, 중량 변화에서도 복합 필름으로 코팅된 메추리알이 대조구 보다 더 낮은 중량 감소를 나타내었다. 샌드위치 사이에 복합 필름을 넣고 부재료의 수분이 식빵으로 이동하는 현상을 알아본 결과 12시간 후 복합 필름은 $5\%$의 중량 증가를 나타내었으며 대조군은 $31\%$ 중량 증가를 보여 복합필름이 대조군 보다 수분 이동을 억제시킬 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그러므로 SPI/CS 복합 필름 용액을 이용하여 난류에 코팅하면 제품의 품질 유지 및 저장성을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대되고 복합조리 식품에 적용할 경우 부재료의 수분이동을 막아 빵의 눅눅해짐으로 인한 품질 저하와 저장성을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.303-310
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• 2013

체지방 감량에 대한 효과를 분석하고자 실험에 참가한 체지방율이 30% 이상인 42명의 여대생을 대상으로 일반폰을 사용하는 그룹과 스마트폰을 사용하는 그룹으로 나누어서 측정자료를 2주 간격으로 정리하여 8주간에 걸친 체지방 및 관련자료를 얻었다. 이 실험자료를 바탕으로 혼합모형을 이용하여 분석한 결과 AR(1)의 공분산행렬이 가장 적합한 모형으로 선택되었으며, 시점 간의 상관계수는 0.838로 상당히 밀접한 관련을 보여주었다. AR(1)의 공분산행렬을 설정하여 분석한 결과 처리간의 차이에서 스마트폰의 사용자가 일반폰의 사용자보다 0.654kg 정도의 체지방 감량 효과를 보여주었으며, 시간이 지날수록 체지방 감소효과가 있음을 알 수 있다. 그러나 처리와 시간과의 교호작용은 존재하지 않는다. 또한 실험실시 전의 체지방값과 총콜레스테롤은 유의하게 나타났으며, 섭취하는 칼로리는 약간 관련이 있으나, 허리엉덩이비율은 유의하지 않는 것으로 판명되었다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.664-677
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for the development of educational material in Korean for patient3 being discharge after open heart surgery. The subjects were 45 adult patients who were seen in the out -patient department of the thoracic surgery unit of P University hospital between February 1993 and May 1993. The data were collected through a chart review and interview. Nursing needs, and the patients status related to diet, activity, medication, physical and psychoemotional limitations were analyzed. The results are summarized as follows ; 1. Mitral valve replacement was the most frequent type of surgery(91.2%). In most cases, a mechanical valve was used (91.0%) . The duration of admission after the operation was two to four weeks for most of the patients(48.9%). The follow-up period was between one and two years for 28.9% of the patients and below 6 years for all of the patients. 2. Many Patients didn’t know the importance of a low salt diet(57.8%), and did not get any education on low salt diet (66.7%). Gimchi was included as one of the most commonly ingested foods (77.8%). All of the patients indicated nursing needs related to education about low salt diets and further they indicated a major interest in foods that are harmful (57.7%) or foods that are safe(51.1% ). 3. Most patients did not recognize the need for limitations on physical activity(84.4%). Further, 31.1％ of them could not return to work at the time of the study. All patients had nursing needs related to physical activity, with the most frequent questions being about the permissble degree of activity and special cautions dictated by their illness (60.0%). 4. Many patients were ignorant of the necessity of medication(55.6%) . Forty percent of the patients were taking additional drugs, usually herb drugs. The time and duration of medication and the side effects of drugs were common concerns (57.7%) related to nursing. needs about medication and were mentioned by all of the patients. 5. All of the patients complained of physical discomfort including the following : memory disturbance(62.2%), weight gain(60.0%), chest tightness (55.6%), hair loss(51.1%), sleep disturbance(46.7%) and other symptoms in that order of frequency. Nursing needs related to physical condition were a concern for all of them. The viability and function of the replaced valve(53.3%) and weight gain(60.0%) were mal or concerns. 6. Looking at their psychoemotional condition it was found that 36 patients(80.0%) were emotionally unstable. The causes were physical discomfort(17 patients), insufficient knowlege of open heart surgery(6 patients), fear of death(6 patients), familial over protection(2 patients ) and lack of support (5 patients).