• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.266-271
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• 2010

기존의 쌀겨농법 기술을 보완하여 잡초방제효과를 증진하기 위해 쌀겨의 분시방법 및 대두박과의 혼용, 중경제초와의 병행을 통한 잡초방제효과 및 쌀 수량의 변화를 조사하였다. 쌀겨 및 대두박 투입시기 조절에 따른 잡초방제효과 시험에서는 쌀겨관행구에서 잡초억제율이 가장 높아 대두박을 쌀겨와 같이 투입하는 것은 부적절하였다. 그러나 이앙 후 5일의 대두박 처리에서 피 발생이 적어 대두박 내 초기 피 발생 억제물질 존재 여부에 대한 추후 연구가 필요한 것으로 생각된다. 관행에 비해 잡초발생이 많은 쌀겨 및 대두박 시용의 경우 중경제초 병행 효과가 있었고 이에 대한 정밀한 중경제초 시기 및 방법에 대한 시험이 필요할 것이다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2013년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1557-1558
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• 2013

• 정보관리연구
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.1-23
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• 1993

국내 경제학(經濟學) 잡지기사(雜誌記事)에 실린 인용문헌을 자료의 형태 및 발행지별로 발행년도를 기준으로 분석하여, 문헌(文獻)의 이용률 감소현상을 파악하였다. 분석결과, 반감기는 단행본 12.09, 잡지기사 9.68, 보고서 8.93년으로 나타났으며, 문헌(文獻)이 발행된지 2년 안에 인용되는 빈도수가 특히 높았다. 또한 자료(資料)의 인용빈도(引用頻度)가 현격히 줄어든 시점 즉, 전체 인용 중 90%가 일어난 시점을 장서의 폐기년도로 추정하면, 단행본은 40.15, 잡지는 32.15, 보고서는 29.65년인 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2014

Purpose: This research was conducted to evaluate feasibility of a crank-type walking cultivators for weeding in furrowed upland. Methods: A walking cultivator developed by RDA was selected and evaluated with its working speed (S), cultivation depth (CD) and weeding performance (WP). The evaluation was performed in upland field on July and August, 2012. Also kinematic analysis of the machine was performed to draw out design improvements. Results: S in flat, uphill and downhill were about 0.11 m $s^{-1}$, 0.11 m $s^{-1}$, and 0.13 m $s^{-1}$ respectively. It was found that S had a low relevance with user conditions. The CD was 35 ~ 40 mm which was satisfied with the RDA guide for weeding machine. A wide variation was observed in values of WP depending on the growth stages of weeds and field conditions. The cultivator showed low performance in eliminating the well-grown weeds. Kinematic simulation revealed that high forward speed caused a high ratio of un-weeded area. Conclusions: The weeding performance of the cultivator was satisfactory for weeds in early growth stage but it showed difficulties in handling on up-slope and in entering up-land. Specifically, the weight of the cultivator was judged as overweight for female workers. The crank-hoe type cultivator was judged as unsuitable for small walking type machine due to weight of the four-bar linkage system. Kinematic analysis revealed that the ratio of crank speed to the ground speed must be 850 rpm s $m^{-1}$ (255 rpm based on 0.3 m $s^{-1}$) or greater to avoid uncultivated area. Selection of forward speed is a decisive factor in designing the weeding cultivator.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2023

In this study, two-dimensional location of crops for auto weeding was detected using deep learning. To construct a dataset for soybean detection, an image-capturing system was developed using a mono camera and single-board computer and the system was mounted on a weeding robot to collect soybean images. A dataset was constructed by extracting RoI (region of interest) from the raw image and each sample was labeled with soybean and the background for classification learning. The deep learning model consisted of four convolutional layers and was trained with a weakly supervised learning method that can provide object localization only using image-level labeling. Localization of the soybean area can be visualized via CAM and the two-dimensional position of the soybean was estimated by clustering the pixels associated with the soybean area and transforming the pixel coordinates to world coordinates. The actual position, which is determined manually as pixel coordinates in the image was evaluated and performances were 6.6(X-axis), 5.1(Y-axis) and 1.2(X-axis), 2.2(Y-axis) for MSE and RMSE about world coordinates, respectively. From the results, we confirmed that the center position of the soybean area derived through deep learning was sufficient for use in automatic weeding systems.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.71-85
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• 2021

In this study, the effect on the spatial distribution and diffusion of Arishigona, Sanaji and Bang-gae appearing in Jeolla-do was analyzed using geomorphic elements. Based on result, the AriShigona is distributed in the western plains of the Yeongsan River basin and around from the Noryeong mountain range to Mudeung mountain range, the Sanaji is mainly diffused in the middle and upper parts of the Seomjin River and the lower parts of the Mangyeong River, Dongjin River and the Boseong River basin, and the Bang-gae is found to be distributed in the Seomjin River and the upper part of the Yeongsan River basin. Although the cultural centers of these Rice-paddy Weeding Songs are different but they appear to have a similar distribution pattern in Jeolla-do. This is used as a diffusion path of cultural elements by crossing lineaments in various directions and serving bridge role at the same time. However, in the region where the lineaments do not intersect, the continuity of Rice-paddy Weeding Songs are relatively low, which are considered to be reflected in the spatial distribution and propagation of the sound due to the influence of the drain network rather than the lineament. The results of this study can provide basic data for spatial distribution of Rice-paddy Weeding Songs, and regionality and cultural division by diffusion characteristics.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.501-517
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• 2009

노지재배 케일의 재배 포장 조건과 재배 작기에 따른 멀칭재료와 제초방법이 케일의 생육과 잡초 발생에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 재배 포장은 밭토양과 논토양에서 수행하고, 재배 작기는 봄 작형과 가을 작형에서 수행하였다. 밭토양에서의 가을재배 작형의 멀칭재료에 따른 지온은 멀칭처리가 $0.9{\sim}2.0^{\circ}C$ 높았다. 잡초 방제가는 멀칭종이 처리가 91% 이상이었고, 멀칭재료와 제초방법에 따른 잡초 방제시간은 멀칭종이+기계제초 처리가 무멀칭+손제초 대비 70% 절감되었으며, 케일의 수량은 관행재배와 비슷하였다. 밭토양에서의 봄재배 작형의 종이멀칭 처리는 기온이 비교적 낮은 4월은 무멀칭대비 지온이 높았고 온도가 높아지는 5월과 6월에는 낮았다. 우점잡초는 명아주가 우점 하였으며, 잡초 방제가는 멀칭종이 처리가 52% 이상이었고, 멀칭재료와 제초방법에 따른 잡초 방제 시간은 멀칭종이+기계제초 처리가 무멀칭+손제초 대비 75% 절감되었으며, 케일의 수량은 관행재배대비 34% 증수되었다. 논토양에서의 봄재배 작형의 우점잡초는 둑새풀이 우점 하였으며, 잡초 방제가는 멀칭종이 처리가 43% 이었고, 멀칭재료와 제초방법에 따른 잡초 방제시간은 멀칭종이+기계제초처리가 무멀칭+손제초 대비 80% 절감되었으며, 케일의 수량은 관행재배대비 26% 증수되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제11권
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• pp.81-97
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• 1972

논벼농사의 노동력을 덜기 위하여 이중 가장 중요한 호미질에 의한 중경제초의 노력을 살초제에 의한 것으로 전환시키고자 기초적인 면과 실제적인 면으로 시험조사를 하였다. 건국대학교에서 1m평방 안높이 21cm 및 36cm의 두 형의 concrete tank를 각 4개씩 만들고 그 안에 채수관장치를 한 뒤 양토작토로 논벼를 심어 수도물로 관수하고 투수속도와 산소침투 정도와 수량과의 관계를 보았다. 농림부 자재 검사소 내에서 투수가 심한 사질답전포장에 전면적으로 살초제 Stam F-34를 살포하여 제초하고 제 1구는 중경을 하지 않고, 제 2구는 중경 1회, 그리고 제 3구는 중경 2회하여 중경의 효과를 비교하였다. 이리 호남시험장내 건답보통논과 습답에 무중경, 중경 1회 중경 2회의 구와 살초제 Pamcon을 살포한 것들 중, 무중경, 중경 1회 제초 2회, 중경 2회 제초 1회, 중경 3회 제초 2회의 구와 그리고 관행구를 설치하여 중경제초의 비용과 살초제에 의한 비용을 비교하였던바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. (1) 투수속도와 산소침투와 수량과의 관계는 일당(24시간당) 투수속도 4cm이상 될 때 지표 2cm하에 산소가 조금 들어가며 3cm보다 적을 때는 산소가 지표하의 매우 옅은 층에만 내려가는 것으로 나타나며 그리고 경심 15cm구에는 일당 투수속도의 0cm(무투수) 1.5cm에서 수량이 많고 2.5cm와 3.4cm에는 감수되며, 경심 30cm구에는 투수속도 1.5cm 및 30cm구에서 수량이 많고 무투수와 투수속도 4cm구에는 수량이 떨어졌다. (2) 투수가 심한 농림부 자재검사소 사질토양에서는 중경의 효과가 없었다. (3) 호남작물시험장내 건답에서는 살초제 Pamcon 처리 무중경구 수량에 대해서 유의성이 보이는 증수구는 없었다. 그리고 습답에서는 무중경구에 있어서 중경제초 및 관행구가 유의성 있게 증수되었다. (4) 논매기 호미질에 의한 10a당 노동력은 정미 37.1시간 식사와 휴식시간 포함하여 53.5시간이고, 노임은 2,346원인데 대하여 살초제 사용에의 한제 초노력은 수동식으로 0.5일 즉 약 5시간 제비용과 감수추정량을 추정할 때 1,130원이고 습답을 제외하면 750원이 되는 것으로 추정 되었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.253-260
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• 2015

Enlargement of street tree planting area is the proper and effective solution to reduce carbon dioxide. This solution bases on the ability of carbon storage and uptake by tree metabolism. However, the circumstance of road side has fatal disadvantages in tree metabolism such as growth and maturity because cutting and filling of roadsides cause unnatural soil composition. In this point, early rootage of street tree is the main factor of reducing carbon dioxide. This study aimed to find a appropriate transplantation planting method for sound and rapid rootage of street tree. For the study, Korean Mountain Ash(Sorbus alnifolia) were used for experimental groups. The groups were categorized by three groups such as trees produced on container with mulching treatment, trees produced in outdoor with mulching treatment, trees produced on container with weeding treatment. Each group consisted 10 trees with same size and transplanted in experimental site. Five months after transplanting, each group was estimated the biomass and carbon storage through a direct harvesting method. According to results of the study, the carbon storage of trees produced on container with mulching treatment is 42% more than trees produced in outdoor with mulching treatment. And the carbon storage of trees produced on container with mulching treatment is 19.5% more than trees produced on container with weeding treatment. These results may imply that transplantation of container produced tree with mulching treatment is the most rapid rootage among other groups. The weeding treatment is more effective than mulching treatment for rapid rootage of street trees.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.120-129
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• 2018

This experiment was conducted to find the most suitable crop establishment method and weed management practices for transplanted aman rice in Bangladesh. Rice variety Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) dhan44 was used as planting materials where three crop establishment methods ($T_1$: direct wet seeding by drum seeder; $T_2$: hand broadcasting; $T_3$: transplanting) and four weeding options ($W_1$: Hand weeding (HW); $W_2$: BRRI weeder+HW; $W_3$: Herbicide+HW; and $W_4$: no weeding) were tested. Among the crop establishment methods, the highest grain yield ($5.12t\;ha^{-1}$) was obtained with the $T_3$, while the highest benefit cost ratio (BCR) of 2.08 was found in $T_2$. In case of the weed management method, $W_1$ showed superior results on the plant $density/m^2$ (139.66) at 60 days after transplanting (DAT), grain yield ($4.97t\;ha^{-1}$), and BCR (2.03). On the other hand, the highest plant dry matter (36.20 g) at 60 DAT and the highest yield ($6.10t\;ha^{-1}$) were obtained in a $T_3W_1$ combination. The results of this study show that the productivity of rice during aman season could be most significantly increased with the use of transplanting ($T_3$) alone, hand weeding ($W_1$) alone, or a combination of the two methods ($T_3W_1$).