• Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

Outdoor design temperature is important for selecting proper capacity of heating and cooling systems of a building to implement indoor thermal comfort and save energy consumption. The purpose of this study is to investigate the change of South Korea outdoor design temperature according to the assigned period. When outdoor design temperature of 8 locations calculated with the latest weather data during 2008~2015 years using ASHRAE Bin method are compared to the standard temperature of Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport which is widely used for designing South Korea air-conditioning system at present, the maximum temperature difference becomes $0.97^{\circ}C$ for cooling, and $1.94^{\circ}C$ for heating. Due to wide outdoor temperature variation, update of outdoor design temperature based on recent weather data is recommended.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.265-275
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• 1996

Air pollution characteristics and the influence of sea breeze on surface ozone concentration were studied using the data measured at 7 air quality continuous monitoring stations from June to September using 3 years (1990, 1993, 1994) in Pusan coastal area. Among the 246 sea breeze days for research Period, there were approximately 89 sea breeze days (36%) from lune to September, And there were 120 the episode days (68%) of ozone greater than or equal to 60 ppb in summer season. In 89 sea breeze days, the episode day was highly marked as 56 days (63%). So, we knew that the sea breeze greatly affects the occurence of ozone episode day. the ozone concentration under the condition of the sea breeze increase about 40% in the daytime. Frequencies distribution of $O_3$ concentration for sea breeze moved toward high concentration class. The characteristics of ozone concentration in relation to meteorological conditions of sea breeze is significant because we can discover major weather factors for eastablishing an air pollution- weather forecast system. For further. study about meterological approach method for photochemical air pollution, it is necessary to explain the characteristics of atmosphere below 1, 000 m, especially concerning the formation mechanism of inversion layers. And finally, we will study the relationships to synoptic weather conditions and vertical structure and diurnal variation of local wind systems including sea breeze, and the vertical movements of atmosphere in the city.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.26.2-26.2
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• 2009

The Solar and Space Weather Research Group (SOS) in Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) is constructing the Space Weather Prediction Center since 2007. As a part of the project, we are developing automatic real-time system of the global 3-D magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulation. The MHD simulation model of earth's magnetosphere is designed as modified leap-frog scheme by T. Ogino, and it was parallelized by using message passing interface (MPI). Our work focuses on the automatic processing about simulation of 3-D MHD model and visualization of the simulation results. We used PC cluster to compute, and virtual reality modeling language (VRML) file format to visualize the MHD simulation. The system can show the variation of earth's magnetosphere by the solar wind in quasi real time. For data assimilation we used four parameters from ACE data; density, pressure, velocity of solar wind, and z component of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). In this paper, we performed some initial tests and made a animation. The automatic real-time system will be valuable tool to understand the configuration of the solar-terrestrial environment for space weather research.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.439-439
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• 2015

The temporal and spatial relationship of the weather elements such as rainfall and temperature is closely linked to the streamflow simulation, especially, to the flood forecasting problems. For the study area, Imjin river basin, which has the specific characteristics in geography with river cross operation between North and South Korea, the meteorological information in the northern area is totally deficiency, lead to the inaccuracy of streamflow estimation. In the paper, this problem is solved by using the combination of global (such as soil moisture content, land use) and local hydrologic components data such as weather data (precipitation, evapotranspiration, humidity, etc.) for the model-driven runoff (surface flow, lateral flow and groundwater flow) data in each subbasin. To compute the streamflow in Imjin river basin, this study is applied the hydrologic model SURR (Sejong Univ. Rainfall-Runoff) which is the continuous rainfall-runoff model used physical foundations, originally based on Storage Function Model (SFM) to simulate the intercourse of the soil properties, weather factors and flow value. The result indicates the spatial variation in the runoff response of the different subbasins influenced by the input data. The dependancy of runoff simulation accuracy depending on the qualities of input data and model parameters is suggested in this study. The southern region with the dense of gauges and the adequate data shows the good results of the simulated discharge. Eventually, the application of SURR model in Imjin riverbasin gives the accurate consequence in simulation, and become the subsequent runoff for prediction in the future process.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1141-1154
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• 2018

Numerical experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of data assimilation of observational data on weather and PM (particulate matter) prediction. Observational data applied to numerical experiment are aircraft observation, satellite observation, upper level observation, and AWS (automatic weather system) data. In the case of grid nudging, the prediction performance of the meteorological field is largely improved compared with the case without data assimilations because the overall pressure distribution can be changed. So grid nudging effect can be significant when synoptic weather pattern strongly affects Korean Peninsula. Predictability of meteorological factors can be expected to improve through a number of observational data assimilation, but data assimilation by single data often occurred to be less predictive than without data assimilation. Variation of air pressure due to observation nudging with high prediction efficiency can improve prediction accuracy of whole model domain. However, in areas with complex terrain such as the eastern part of the Korean peninsula, the improvement due to grid nudging were only limited. In such cases, it would be more effective to aggregate assimilated data.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.3-11
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• 2000

The Asian summer monsoon has a profound social and economic impact in East Asia and its surrounding countries. The monsoon is basically a response of the atmosphere to the differential heating between the land mass of the Asian continent and the adjacent oceans. The atmospheric response, however, is quite complicated due to the interactions between the atmospheric heat sources, land-sea contrast, and topography, The occurrence of extreme summertime floods in Korea, Japan, and China in 1998 and 1999 has highlighted the range of variability of the East Asian summertime monsoon circulation and spurred interest in investigating the cause of such extreme variability. While ENSO is often considered a prime mechanism responsible for the unusual hydrological disasters in East Asia, understanding of the connection between ENSO and the East Asian monsoon is hampered by their dynamic complexities. Along with a recent phenomenon of weather abnormalities observed in many parts of the globe, Korea has seen its share of increased weather abnormalities such as the record-breaking heavy rainfalls due to a series of flash floods in the summers of 1998 and 1999, following devastating Yangtze river floods in China. A clear regime shift is found in the tropospheric mean temperature in the northern hemisphere middle latitudes and the surface temperature over the Asian continent during the summer with a sudden warming since 1977. Either decadal climate variation or climate regime shift in the Asian continent is evident and may have altered the characteristics of the East Asian summer monsoon. Considering the summertime rainfall amount in Korea is overall increased lately, the 1998/99 heavy rainfalls may not be isolated episodes related only to ENSO, but could be a part of long-term climate variation. The record-breaking heavy summer rainfalls in Korea may not be direct impact of ENSO. Instead, the effects of decadal climate variation and ENSO may be coupled to each other and also to the East Asian summer monsoon system, while their individual impacts are difficult to separate.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.469-474
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• 2000

The traffic accidents in large cities such as Pusan metropolitan city have been increased every year due to increasing of vehicles numbers as well as the gravitation of the population. In addition to the carelessness of drivers, many meteorological factors have a great influence on the traffic accidents. Especially, the number of traffic accidents is governed by precipitation, visibility, cloud amounts temperature, etc. In this study, we have analyzed various data of meteorological factors from 1992 to 1997 and determined the standardized values for contributing to each traffic accident. Using the relationship between meteorological factors(visibility, precipitation, relative humidity and cloud amounts) and the total automobile mishaps, and experimental prediction formula for their traffic accident rates was seasonally obtained at Pusan city in 1997. Therefore, these prediction formulas at each meteorological factor may by used to predict the seasonal traffic accident numbers and contributed to estimate the variation of its value according to the weather condition it Pusan city.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.1394-1395
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• 2011

Now a days has problem of energy resource shortage and environmental pollution. We are looking up various solution plans regarding this problem. Solar power is one of the solution to solve the energy shortage problem. But solar power is affected by the weather. So variation weather we can use Maximum Power Point Tracing device for solar PV system. In this paper, New MPPT method is proposed to tracking MPP at low and high insolation by combining constant voltage method with Newton Method method.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.495-502
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• 2003

In order to modify incorrect flow data in the sewage system, the method using the stage-discharge relation and hydraulic characteristic curve of sewer pipe are applied. The modified data were verified with field measured data and the infiltration analysis using the modified data was carried out. When flowrate were measured using the flow-meter in fair weather, the stage data were comparatively consistent but velocity data were very poor for the most part. Therefore, it was recommended that sewage flowrate variation characteristic curve and infiltration were computed using the modified data on the basis of stage data. Especially, in the case of using the hydraulic characteristic curve, extrapolation results of the rainy season flowrate using regression curve on the basis of the data in fair weather were also reasonable.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.175-178
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• 2013

Recently, two instruments of cosmic ray are operating in South Korea. One is Seoul muon detector after October 1999 and the other is Daejeon neutron monitor (Kang et al. 2012) after October 2011. The former consists of four small plastic scintillators and the latter is the standard 18 NM 64 type. In this report, we introduce the characteristics of both instruments. We also analyze the flux variations of cosmic ray such as diurnal variation and Forbush decrease. As the result, the muon flux shows the typical seasonal and diurnal variations. The neutron flux also shows the diurnal variation. The phase which shows the maximum flux in the diurnal variation is around 13-14 local time. We found a Forbush decrease on 7 March 2012 by both instruments. It is also identified by Nagoya multi-direction muon telescope and Oulu neutron monitor. The observation of cosmic ray at Jangbogo station as well as in Korean peninsula can support the important information on space weather in local area. It can also enhance the status of Korea in the international community of cosmic ray experiments.