• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2003

It has been suggested that people who suffer from impaired masticatory function may adapt food consistency to their oral status (which may lead to deficient nutrient intake) or rely on the digestive system to compensate for the lack of oral preparation of food (which may increase the likelihood of digestive diseases and decrease gut absorption). Masticatory deficiency thus may be detrimental to health. This article reviews evidence of the effects of masticatory deficiency on nutrition. The selection of relevant literature was based on Medline queries using the following key words: mastication, nutrition, digestion, diet, and disease risk. Earlier work not listed in Medline but related to the subject also was reviewed. Only publications available in English were selected for inclusion. It is difficult to draw conclusions from many of the reviewed studies due to issues related to study design, confounding variables, and the subjective nature of the measurements. In particular, data supporting a link between masticatory function and deficient dietary intake often are based on relatively weak correlations and cannot confer a causal relationship.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.357-374
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• 2014

The design basis is being shifted from strength to deformation in modern performance-based design codes. This paper presents a practical method for optimization of eccentrically braced steel frames, based on the concept of uniform deformation theory (UDT). This is done by gradually shifting inefficient material from strong parts of the structure to the weak areas until a state of uniform deformation is achieved. In the first part of this paper, UDT is implemented on 3, 5 and 10 story eccentrically braced frames (EBF) subjected to 12 earthquake records representing the design spectrum of ASCE/SEI 7-10. Subsequently, the optimum strength-distribution patterns corresponding to these excitations are determined, and compared with four other loading patterns. Since the optimized frames have uniform distribution of deformation, they undergo less damage in comparison with code-based designed structures while having minimum structural weight. For further investigation, the 10 story EBF is redesigned using four different loading patterns and subjected to 12 earthquake excitations. Then a comparison is made between link rotations of each model and those belonging to the optimized one which revealed that the optimized EBF behaves generally better than those designed by other loading patterns. Finally, efficiency of each loading pattern is evaluated and the best one is determined.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.412-430
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• 2003

Functional stability is dependent on integrated local and global muscle function. Movement dysfunction can present as a local and global problem, though both frequently occur together. To good understand how movement induces pain syndrome, the optimal actions and interaction of the multiple anatomic and functional systems involved in motion must be considered. Minor alterations in the precision of movement cause microtrauma and, if allowed to continue, will cause macrotrauma and pain. These alteration of the movement result in the development of compensatory movement and movement impairment. Muscle that become tight tend to pull the body segment to which they are attached, creating postural deviation. The antagonistic muscles may become weak and allow postural deviations due to lack of balanced support. Both hypertonic and inhibited muscles will cause an alteration of the distribution of pressure over the joint(s) that they cross and, thus, may not only result from muscle dysfunction, but produce joint dysfunction as well. Alteration of the shoulder posture and movement dysfunction may sometimes result in compression of neurovascular structures in the shoulder and arm. There is a clear link between reduced proprioceptive input, altered motor unit recruitment and the neurovascular compression. This report start with understanding of the impaired alignment, movement patterns and neuromuscular compression of the shoulder girdle by movement impairment to approach method of the movement dysfunction.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.7C
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• pp.435-442
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• 2011

The MIMO has weak points such as size and cost of systems and the complexity of hardware augment. Thus, the cooperative transmission techniques have been recently discussed briskly and it also solves problems by increase of shadowy area. However, limited cooperation scheme is utilized due to a single-antenna at the destination. The base station is simply equipped with multiple antennas. When the base station has multiple antennas, cooperative diversity and multiplexing schemes can be easily applied in the base station. To guarantee reliability with high throughput, a cooperative hybrid cyclic relay diversity transmission scheme is proposed which can use an arbitrary number of relays without rate loss and a modification of the base station. The presented results show that the proposed schemes can be effectively applied to the existing various MIMO-OFDM communication system.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the supply plan of public rental housing under the Lee Myung-bak government. According to the supply plan, the government will supply public rental housings by 80,000 unit every year from 2009 to 2018, and achieve 12% as stock ratio in 2018. To evaluate the supply plan, this study analyzed housing needs of tenants in private rental housing by using the raw data of Korea Welfare Panel Survey (2008). The results are as follows: (1) It is difficult for the supply plan to meet the housing needs of tenants in private rental housing. (2) The link between supply plan and stock ratio target is weak. (3) To meet the housing needs, it is necessary to supply public rental housings by 107,000 unit every year for 10 years, and, in this case, the stock ratio will be 10% in 2018. In conclusion, this study proposed that the supply plan of public rental housing should be redesigned.

• The Journal of Health Technology Assessment
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 2018

With the recent change of healthcare environment including rapid technological development, evidences are more and more important and necessary to support relevant policies in health technology assessment to provide safe and effective health services, utilizing medical resources efficiently. Despite of the emphasis on the importance of real world data and real world evidence in health care research, current infrastructure supporting clinical research is considerably weak due to absence of legal and institutional basis. However, in accordance with the Article 26 of the Health and Medical Technology Promotion Act, there is a limited legal apparatus that can be used only in public data with other dataset for the purpose of healthcare technology assessment at the National Evidence-based Collaborating Agency. Although the use of linked data from various sources was often required in the field of clinical research, it was not yet working well due to insufficient environmental conditions. In order to support the decision-making of medical practice and health care policies, data-linking platform for clinical research is needed. If the legal system that can link up to the data of the private institutions without violating the significant value such as the protection of private informations is established, it will be a decisive foundation reinforcing the researches and policy making processes for the improvement of the national health care system.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2021

Purpose: This study extends previous empirical work on the threshold effects of institutions on the relationship between infrastructure and economic growth. It does so by using three sub-indices of institutions as the threshold variable in place of aggregate index. This is with a view to determining the roles of the sub-indices in the nexus between infrastructure and economic growth. Research design, data and methodology: The analysis is based on a dynamic panel threshold regression model using a panel data set comprising 41 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa over the sample period of 1996-2015. Data are obtained from Ogbaro (2019). Results: The study finds that infrastructure exerts significant positive effects on economic growth below and above the threshold values of the three sub-indices, with higher effects above the threshold values. Results also show that on average, the Sub-Saharan African countries are not able to satisfy any of the threshold conditions, which accounts for their poor growth experience. Conclusion: The study concludes that countries with weak institutions do not benefit maximally from infrastructure development policies. The paper, therefore, recommends that countries in Sub-Saharan Africa need to focus on improving their institutional patterns if they are to reap the optimum benefits from their infrastructure development efforts.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.6-10
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• 2022

We report on the fabrication and measurements of metallic Josephson junctions (JJs) consisting of Au nanoribbon and NbTi superconducting electrodes. The maximum supercurrent density in the junction reaches up to ~ 3×10⁵ A/cm² at 2.5 K, much larger than that of JJ using single-crystalline Au nanowire. Temperature dependence of the critical current exhibits an exponential decay behavior with increasing temperature, which is consistent with a long and diffusive junction limit. Under the application of a magnetic field, monotonous decrease of the critical current was observed due to a narrow width of the Au nanoribbon. Our observatons suggest that NbTi/Au/NbTi JJ would be a useful platform to develop an integrated superconducing quantum circuit combined with the superconducting coplanar waveguide and ferromagnetic π junctions.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

This study investigated solutions of not only weak organization but also poor communication with customers from point of view of SNS such as Naver blog, Naver band, Kakao Talk and Facebook to promote local business market. The study gave strategies: First, SNS marketing strategy shall be used to do public relations and communicate in accordance with features of each SNS. Naver Blog that is opened SNS shall be used to do public relations and to invite new customers, and Kakao Talk that is closed SNS shall be used to increase customers having high loyalty, and Facebook that has both properties of SNS, that is to say, openness and closure, shall be used to raise effects of word-of-mouth to make use of new sales window. The communication can find out customers' needs to provide customers with customized services. Second, Naver Band and/or cafe shall be opened to increase link and friendliness and to have community consciousness realizing common goal and to destroy merchants' helplessness and individualism and to make change of the market for the place of community. Changes among the merchants may get better ideas to do events continuously and to get more SNS marketing effects and synergy. Third, the merchants shall make change not momentarily but continuously by making efforts steadily. Good communication in and out of the market may create inherent brand value to differ from super chain and/or SSM and to increase sales as well as traditional market image and to attain customers' loyalty.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.73-95
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• 2021

This study uses Node2vec graph embedding method and Light GBM link prediction to explore undeveloped export candidate countries in Korea's food and beverage industry. Node2vec is the method that improves the limit of the structural equivalence representation of the network, which is known to be relatively weak compared to the existing link prediction method based on the number of common neighbors of the network. Therefore, the method is known to show excellent performance in both community detection and structural equivalence of the network. The vector value obtained by embedding the network in this way operates under the condition of a constant length from an arbitrarily designated starting point node. Therefore, it has the advantage that it is easy to apply the sequence of nodes as an input value to the model for downstream tasks such as Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, and Random Forest. Based on these features of the Node2vec graph embedding method, this study applied the above method to the international trade information of the Korean food and beverage industry. Through this, we intend to contribute to creating the effect of extensive margin diversification in Korea in the global value chain relationship of the industry. The optimal predictive model derived from the results of this study recorded a precision of 0.95 and a recall of 0.79, and an F1 score of 0.86, showing excellent performance. This performance was shown to be superior to that of the binary classifier based on Logistic Regression set as the baseline model. In the baseline model, a precision of 0.95 and a recall of 0.73 were recorded, and an F1 score of 0.83 was recorded. In addition, the light GBM-based optimal prediction model derived from this study showed superior performance than the link prediction model of previous studies, which is set as a benchmarking model in this study. The predictive model of the previous study recorded only a recall rate of 0.75, but the proposed model of this study showed better performance which recall rate is 0.79. The difference in the performance of the prediction results between benchmarking model and this study model is due to the model learning strategy. In this study, groups were classified by the trade value scale, and prediction models were trained differently for these groups. Specific methods are (1) a method of randomly masking and learning a model for all trades without setting specific conditions for trade value, (2) arbitrarily masking a part of the trades with an average trade value or higher and using the model method, and (3) a method of arbitrarily masking some of the trades with the top 25% or higher trade value and learning the model. As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that the performance of the model trained by randomly masking some of the trades with the above-average trade value in this method was the best and appeared stably. It was found that most of the results of potential export candidates for Korea derived through the above model appeared appropriate through additional investigation. Combining the above, this study could suggest the practical utility of the link prediction method applying Node2vec and Light GBM. In addition, useful implications could be derived for weight update strategies that can perform better link prediction while training the model. On the other hand, this study also has policy utility because it is applied to trade transactions that have not been performed much in the research related to link prediction based on graph embedding. The results of this study support a rapid response to changes in the global value chain such as the recent US-China trade conflict or Japan's export regulations, and I think that it has sufficient usefulness as a tool for policy decision-making.