• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
• /
• 2005.10a
• /
• pp.628-632
• /
• 2005

Remote sensing through atmospheric turbulence had been hard works for a long time, because wavefront distortion due to the Earth's atmospheric turbulence deteriorates image quality. But due to the appearance of adaptive optics, it is no longer difficult things. Adaptive optics is the technology to correct random optical wavefront distortions in real time. For past three decades, research on adaptive optics has been performed actively. Currently, most of newly built telescopes have adaptive optical systems. Adaptive optical system is typically composed of three parts, wavefront sensing, wavefront correction and control. In this work, the wavefront sensing technology for adaptive optical system is treated. More specifically, shearing interferometers and Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensors are considered. Both of them are zonal wavefront sensors and measure the slope of a wavefront. . In this study, the shearing interferometer is made up of four right-angle prisms, whose relative sliding motions provide the lateral shearing and phase shifts necessary for wavefront measurement. Further, a special phase-measuring least-squares algorithm is adopted to compensate for the phase-shifting error caused by the variation in the thickness of the index-matching oil between the prisms. Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensors are widely used in adaptive optics for wavefront sensing. It uses an array of identical positive lenslets. And each lenslet acts as a subaperture and produces spot image. Distortion of an input wavefront changes the location of spot image. And the slope of a wavefront is obtained by measuring this relative deviation of spot image. Structures and measuring algorithms of each sensor will be presented. Also, the results of wavefront measurement will be given. Using these wavefront sensing technology, an adaptive optical system will be built in the future.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.186-191
• /
• 2008

A phase retrieval method using an error reduction algorithm is developed for reconstructing a wavefront aberration of an 100-TW Ti:sapphire laser pulse from the measurement of a focal spot. The phase retrieval method can successfully reconstruct a wavefront aberration of a 100-TW Ti:sapphire laser pulse, and the reconstructed wavefront aberration shows a good agreement with the wavefront aberration measured with a wavefront sensor. The effect of the dynamic range and the intensity noise on the reconstruction is also investigated in reconstructing a wavefront aberration of an 100-TW Ti:sapphire laser pulse.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2018

The adaptive optics for compensating for optical wavefront distortion due to atmospheric turbulence has recently been used in systems that improve beam quality by eliminating the aberrations of high power laser beam wavefront. However, unseen-mode, which can not be measured in the wavefront sensor, increases the instability of the laser beam wavefront compensator on the adaptive optics system. As a method for improving such instability, a mathematical method for limiting the number of singular values is used when generating the command matrix involved in generation of the drive command of the wavefront compensator. In the past, however, we have relied solely on experimental methods to determine the limiting range of the singular values. In this paper, we propose a criterion for determining the limiting range of the singular values using the driving characteristics and the correlation technique of the wavefront compensator's actuators and have proved its performance experimentally.

• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.3 no.3
• /
• pp.236-242
• /
• 2019

An Nd:YAG slab structure was designed for a high-power zigzag slab laser amplifier based on computational simulation of the wavefront distortion. For the simulation, the temperature distribution in the slab was calculated at first by thermal analysis. Then, the optical path length (OPL) was obtained by a ray tracing method for the corresponding refractive index variation inside the slab. After that, the OPL distribution of the double-pass amplified beam was calculated by summing the results obtained for the first and second passes. The amount of wavefront distortion was finally obtained as the peak-to-valley value of the OPL distribution. As a result of this study, the length and position of the gain medium were optimized by minimizing the transverse wavefront distortion. Under the optimized conditions, the transverse wavefront distortion of the double-pass amplified beam was less than $0.2{\mu}m$ for pump power of 14 kW.

• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.7 no.6
• /
• pp.692-700
• /
• 2023

We present a method for improving the accuracy of the modal wavefront reconstruction in the radial shearing interferometers (RSIs). Our approach involves expanding the reduced radial terms of Zernike polynomials to high-order, which enables more precise reconstruction of the wavefront aberrations with high-spatial frequency. We expanded the reduced polynomials up to infinite order with symbolic variables of the radius, shearing amount, and transformation matrix elements. For the simulation of the modal wavefront reconstruction, we generated a target wavefront subsequently, magnified and measured wavefronts were generated. To validate the effectiveness of the high-order Zernike polynomials, we applied both low- and high-order polynomials to the wavefront reconstruction process. Consequently, the peak-to-valley (PV) and RMS errors notably decreased with values of 0.011λ and 0.001λ, respectively, as the order of the radial Zernike polynomial increased.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.160-167
• /
• 2007

In this paper, we presented the development results of high speed wavefront sensor which is used in diagnosing the beam quality of He-Ne laser for adaptive optics system. The beam quality information of laser in AO system is necessarily required for diagnosing the optical components or correcting the distorted wavefront afterward. According to system requirements, normally, it is requested that there are high precision of measurement and real time processing speed. The developed wavefront sensor in this paper achieved maximum 30Hz of measurement rate and ${\lambda}/20(\;{@}\;{\lambda}=0.6328{\mu}m)$ of measurement precision in RMS. We also applied the developed into an experimental adaptive system and verified the performance of it by correcting the aberrated wavefront with a rate of 30Hz and $\lambda$/20 precision using the combination of the developed and PID control algorithm.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.445-452
• /
• 1994

The automatic analysis of the wavefront of laser beam is simulated numerically, and is applied to get the wavefront of the output beam of LD-pumped cw Nd:YAG laser, experimentally. The automatic analysis tool was developed by utilizing Fourier analysis method, and its usefulness is proved through numerical simulation. The wavefront error due to the analysis tool is known to be less than A/30. In order to find the wavefront of Nd:YAG laser beam, its interference fringe is obtained from Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The wavefront calculated from the developed tool has the shape of nearly spherical wavefront and the maximum distortion is about 0.8 .A.. 8 .A..

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.127-139
• /
• 2024

This paper discusses a gravity compensation technique designed to reduce wavefront error caused by gravity during the assembly and alignment of satellite multi-band optical sensor. For this study, the wavefront error caused by gravity was analyzed for the opto-mechanical structure of multi-band optical sensor. Wavefront error, an indicator of optical performance, was computed by using the displacements of optics calculated through structural analysis and optical sensitivity calculated through optical analysis. Since the calculated wavefront error caused by gravity exceeded the allocated budget, the gravity compensation technique was required. This compensation technique reduces wavefront error effectively by applying the compensation load to the appropriate position of the housing tube. This method successfully meets the wavefront error budget for all bands. In the future, a gravity compensation equipment applying this technique will be manufactured and used for assembly and alignment of multi-band optical sensor.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2008.10a
• /
• pp.935-938
• /
• 2008

Three-dimensional (3D) display systems based on wavefront reconstruction are presented. To obtain the wavefront of 3D objects, we present holographic recording using temporally or spatially phase-shifting interferometer. In the 3D display systems, phase-only reconstruction using a spatial light modulator and an approach to increase the reconstructed power are presented.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2005.07a
• /
• pp.528-530
• /
• 2005

In this paper, we present a new and practical method for achieving real-time wavefront measurement, dramatically increasing the resolution, dynamic range of Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor and improving the wavefront reconstruction quality. In proposal method, a liquid crystal display panel (LCD) for the generation of an array of Fresnel microlenses is use instead of the static microlens array of the conventional Shack-Hartmann type sensor. An off-axis holographic microlens array is designed instead of the normal microlens array to increase the effective array and then the dynamic range. The focus properties of the off-axis lens are studied.