• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.16-30
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• 1989

The anodixed aluminium film by sulfuric acid - method has many pores, the inner, called barrier layers, is active. They have strong absorption of dye. on be other, the absorption of dye is lost by Sealing, the surface is not dyed. We make IMAGE FORMATION on the film by the chemical behavior. This study made sure whether ion absorption is not in the barrier layer by IRRS and ESCA, considerated the mechanism of inage formation.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.55-62
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• 2003

Wool fabrics were dyed with the aqueous solution of C. I. Red Acid 114 mixed with methanol dissolving three kinds of barely water soluble ketones, acetophenone, 2-pentanone, and 3-pentanone. The steric hinderance and the orientation of the bigger hydrophobic part of the solvated dye molecules to the fiber slowed down the dying rate, however, loosening the wool molecule, say a little swelling, disaggeregating the dye molecules, and attaining the higher dye concentration on the fiber surface by the added solvents increased the amount of dye on the fabric. The higher concentration or/and the higher dyeing temperature helped loosen fiber molecules and made it easier for the solvated dye molecules to penetrate into the inside of the fiber. Acetophenone, the most influential solvent used, showed that the ability to loosen fiber molecules was the most important of all the three positive solvent actions mentioned above. The considered mechanism provided before reflected the fact that the dye uptake on the fabric dyed with the solvents included, except for 0.034M and 0.051M of acetophenone, was even lower than that without any solvents at $50^\circ{C}$, but all the solvents added to the dye bath increased the dye uptake on the fiber at $70^\circ{C}$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.1025-1034
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• 2000

Cotton differs from polyester in physical and chemical properties. When cotton/polyester blends are dyed, water-soluble dyes are generally used for cotton and disperse dye for polyester. Thus, two bath or one bath-two step dyeing process are usually accepted. These processes consume more energy and cost compared to a single step process. To save energy and cost, a single step dyeing and finishing is carried out with disperse dyes in the presence of a crossslinking agent. K/S values of the dyed fabrics were determined to examine the dyeing property of cotton, cotton/polyester, polyester fabrics dyed with disperse dyes in the presence of DMDHEU/PEG. The concentration of DMDHEU, molecular weight and concentration of PEG, curing time and curing temperature were varied.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.28-32
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• 2006

A multi-layer of the dye, natural colorant Berberine, was successfully developed by the self-assembly deposition from water-soluble cationic dye(Berberine chloride) and anionic polyelectrolyte PSS(Polysodium 4-styrenesulfonate) in aqueous solution via electrostatic attraction. The corresponding results on multi-layer were characterized by UV-Vis absorbance measurements. The growth of multi-layer formed by the sequential interaction was also determined. The findings measured by UV-Vis spectrophotometer showed that the bilayer deposition characteristic was linear and highly reproducible from layer to layer.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.394-398
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• 2008

One of barely water soluble ketones, acetophenone (AP) was dissolved in methanol and then was mixed with aqueous solution of C. I. Red Acid 114. In order to find out the role of AP in the dyeing process the rate constants and the activation parameters were calculated. The rate for the dyeing with AP was faster than that without it. Because of the reduced temperature dependence by AP the activation energy ($E_a$) for the dyeing with AP was smaller than that without it. With increasing temperature the activation enthalpy (${\Delta}H^*$), the activation entropy (${\Delta}S^*$), and the activation free energy ($G^*$) decreased, which was more noticeable in dyeing with AP. The rate constants and the activation parameters agreed well with the results from the previous reports that the ability of AP to increase disaggregation of dye molecules, loosening the wool fiber, and wickabilty of dyeing solution made it possible to dye wool fiber at low temperature.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.59-65
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• 1996

Cotton fabrics were treated by low temperature plasma and/or cellulase, and its physical and dyeing properties were investigated. All the pretreatments of the cotton with low temperature plasma of oxygen, nitrogen and argon slowed down the rate of weight loss of cotton in cellulase solution. Plasma pretreatment did not show any strength retention effect on cotton fiber in the subsequent cellulase treatment. Pretreatment of cotton with low temperature oxygen plasma decreased the rate of dyeing in direct dye bath, while cellulase or plasma/cellulase pretreatment increased the rate. Equilibrium dye uptake of cotton was not changed greatly by the pretreatments except the normal untreated cotton showed more or less high uptake. The pretreatment of cellulase with a water-soluble carbodiimide reduced the enzymatic activity, and did not show any strength retention of cotton in enzymatic weight loss.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.113-118
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• 2007

It is well recognized that the wicking of liquids in a textile fabric takes place mainly through a capillary system composed of the individual fibers. Considering typical dyeing stages, it is thought that a high dye uptake on the fabric probably depends on the wickability. Three kinds of barely water soluble ketones, acetophenone(A), 2-pentanone(2P) and 3-pentanone(3P) were separately dissolved in methanol(M) and then each was mixed with aqueous solution of C. I. Red Acid 114. Wicking heights of dyeing solutions were measured under such conditions that the effect of gravity was negligible. The result could be graphed as a series of straight lines having the form s = $kt^{1/2}$, where s was distance traveled by the solutions, t was time, and k was slope of the line. The surface tension(${\gamma}$) of the ketones had more signifcant effect on the wickability compared to the viscosity(${\eta}$) of them. The greater wickability resulted in the higher dye uptake on the fabric and the order of wickabilty was equal to that of the surface tension(${\gamma}$) and dye uptake on the fabric, A>3P>2P>M.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.513-519
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• 2007

A vesicle forming polymer, poly(sodium acrylamidoundecanoate) (PSAU) and a water-soluble distyrylbenzene- based fluorophore, TPADSB-C were synthesized and characterized by using UV-vis and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. An inter-chain vesicle formation of PSAU was observed at ~0.01 g/L from N-phenyl naphthylamine fluorescence measurement with changing PSAU concentration in water. Above critical aggregation concentration of PSAU, optical properties of TPADSB-C were investigated to study the microenvironment modulation through dye incorporation in the polymeric vesicle. The emission of TPADSB-C in the presence of PSAU vesicles was blue-shifted and the PL quantum efficiency was increased to 90% due to the microenvironment (e.g. polarity) change in aqueous solution. This study shows that the polymeric vesicle containing molecular fluorophores has a great potential as an efficient, stable and biocompatible labeling tag in biological cell imaging.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.38-45
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• 1999

Natural red colorants were extracted from Phytolacca americana Linne by using 50% ethanol solution at room temperature for 12 hours. The colorant components were partially purified as yellow and deep red colorants by thin layer chromatography. Natural red colorants were consisted of major water-soluble red colorant, having maximum absorbance at 538nm and alcohol-soluble yellow colorant, having maximum absorbance at 664nm. Concentration of red colorants were calibrated by the equation of dye(mg/ml) $A_{538nm}\times{1.284}$. Red colorants were changed to yellow at extreme alkali pH and repaired 55% color intensity by neutralization of pH and stabled below $55^\circ{C}$. Dyeability of red colorants against wool fabrics was mainly operated by red pigment having 538nm absorbance without big color differences. Below $55^\circ{C}$, color differences $(\Delta{E}^*_{ab})$ were not changed in spite of big difference of chroma$(c^*)$, having higher scores at higher temperature. The effect of mordants were not drastically changed parameters of color difference without copper ion. Citric acid was big changes of color difference$(\Delta{E}^*_{ab})$ in spite of similar chroma$(c^*)$ values. From these experimental results, red colorants from Phytolacca americana Linne is available for wool fabric dyeing.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.175-175
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• 2003

Phthalocyanine, a water soluble porphyrin derivative and dye, is known to inhibit the mutagenic and carcinogenic actions of compounds having polycyclic structures, e.g. heterocyclic amines. There is evidence that this adsorbent effect shows by a complex formation between the porphyrin-like structure of phthalocyanine and the planar molecular surfaces of theses compounds. That phthalocyanine can form an insoluble material when mixed with chitosan, a polyglucosamine, and that the solid chitosan-phthalocyanine, named Eco-Blue, thus prepared can efficiently adsorb polycyclic mutagenic compounds. The adsorption was experimented by UV/VIS spectrometry. The adsorbent effects of mutagens and carcinogens was identified by Gas chromatography (GC) and Ames Test. The adsorbed polycyclic mutagens were elutable with buffer, but only to small extents. Chitosan-phthalocyanine may be expected to be useful as an adsorbent against polycyclic mutagens and carcinogens.