• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.495-500
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• 1994

수산 가공품 제조 공정중 수세 과정중에 필연적으로 나오는 수용성 단백질이 다량 함유된 폐액에 대해 등전점이동응집처리를 행하여 대부분의 수용성 단백질을 회수하였다. 그래서, 본 회수단백질 구분에 대한 등전점응집처리과정중의 단백질 성상변화 관찰과 동시에 식품가공품의 부 또는 주 원료로서의 이용가능성 타진을 목적으로 냉동 명태 고기풀 대용으로 사용하여 어묵제조를 시도해 보았다. 그 결과, 등전점 응집처리과정중에 약 $50\%$정도 수용성 단백질의 고분자화가 일어나 어묵과 같은 탄력중시 제품에 주원료로서의 사용은 불가능하였다. 그러나, $30\%$까지 냉동 명태 고기풀에 대해 대체 첨가하여 어묵을 제조했을 때는 색차, 젤리강도 및 조직감 관찰을 통해 관찰된 결과로는 냉동 명태고기풀로만 만든 어묵에 비해서도 전혀 손색이 없는 제품을 만들 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.167-170
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• 1991

Radiation protective fraction was Isolated and partially purified from Korean white ginseng. The effect of the fraction was studied on the cell survival of W-damaged CHO-Kl cells. As a result, it was found that the fraction increased the survival rate of damaged cells significantly within the dose range of which cytotoxicity did not appear This fraction was separated into two parts by adding butanol, namely the precipitated protein component and the butanol extract. Damaged cells were treated with each of these components and their survival rates were measured. The protein component demonstrated significant increase in the survival rates, while the butanol extract showed no such increment. These results suggest that the radiation protective effect of the ginseng fraction is originated from the butanol-precipitated protein component, not from the butanol-soluble compounds.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.356-364
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• 2023

This study compared the physicochemical properties of soybean curd residue and black soybean curd residue produced by hot air-drying and freeze-drying. Regardless of drying method, the crude protein, crude ash, crude fiber contents, pH, L, a, b color values and water soluble index were higher in soybean curd residue, whereas total polyphenol contents and antioxidant activity were higher in black soybean curd residue. Significant differences in water absorption index, oil absorption capacity and emulsion activity were observed between soybean curd residue and black soybean curd residue in freeze-drying. On the other hand, the emulsion stability was not significant difference in both hot-air drying and freeze-drying. The crude protein and crude fiber contents of soybean curd residue were not significant difference between hot-air drying and freeze-drying. Freeze-drying resulted in higher crude ash contents, pH, water absorption index, water soluble index, oil absorption capacity, emulsion activity and emulsion stability than hot-air drying. Hot-air drying have caused significantly higher water contents, water activity, total polyphenol contents and antioxidant activity in soybean curd residue than freeze-drying. In conclusion, soybean type and drying methods affect the physicochemical and quality characteristics of soybean curd residue, which could be important factors in the manufacture of processed foods.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.754-760
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• 1996

Effects of washing and additives on the texture of squid surimi gel which has been known to hard to gelation due to high protease activities and many water solubles were studied by SDS-PAGE, compression test, jelly strength and transmission electron microscopy analysis (TEM). Myosin (205 kDa) heavy chain was the major protein in water soluble fractions. It was impossible to make a gel after washing of the minced squid meat. These results suggested that squid (Todarodes pacificus) minced meat does not need a washing for good jelly products. $3.0\%$ of bovine plasma protein (BPP) produced the hardest gel ($16\%$ harder than the control) among the additives including egg white (EW), potato extracts (PE) and transglutaminase-K (TG-K) by compression test (P>0.05). Microstructure of control, $2\%$ EW and $4\%$ TG-K treated gels showed a sponge-like structure with more vacant space. Gels containing $3\%$ BPP formed the most rigid and arranged networks. Those results indicates that poor gel-network formation Was due to the degradation of myofibrillar proteins by proteases contained in the minced meat, which result in non-interlinkage.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.865-870
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• 2006

The behavior and influence of EPS on membrane fouling by changing of hydraulic retention time was investigated, using lab. scale submerged membrane bio-reactor, which was operated with gravitational filtration and fed supernatant of primary sedimentation in waste water treatment plant as influent. The membrane was adopted micro-filter of polyethylene hollow fiber. EPS was analysed as polysaccharides and protein especially, into soluble and bound EPS separately. The concentration of soluble EPS was increased at short HRT, then membrane fouling was rapidly progressed and flux was depressed. The most of EPS clogged membrane pore were polysaccharides, while protein was important parameter affected on membrane fouling because of it's more accumulating in the more term operating.

• 생약학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.262-267
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• 2014

Royal jelly composes of many components, especially protein. Protein is a major factor which cause allergy. We focused on water soluble royal jelly (WSRJ) that was removed allergy - inducing protein. 10-hyroxy-2-decenoic acid content of WSRJ is 2.42 g/100 g, which is double compared to that of lypophilized RJ. To further access WSRJ as a cosmetic ingredient and potential external treatment for topical use, we investigated its ability to inhibit tyrosinase activity and melanin biosynthesis on melanogenesis in B16F1 melanoma cells. We found that WSRJ increased the cell viability in B16F1 melanoma cell and WSRJ (1~10 mg/ml) inhibited melanin synthesis in with 10 nM ${\alpha}$-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (${\alpha}$-MSH) for 48 h. WSRJ inhibited direct tyrosinase activity, which decreased melanin synthesis in ${\alpha}$-MSH stimulated B16F1 melanoma cells. Thease findings suggest that WSRJ induces the down regulation of melanogenesis by inhibiting tyrosinase activation.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.210-214
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• 1985

Urokinase, a plasminogen activator, was conjugated with dextran by the cyanogen bromide activation-coupling method. The resulting water-soluble conjugate was purified by gel permeation chromatography on Sephadex G-200. The maximal activity was obtained when the ratio of urokinase/dextran was 1/20 for the coupling. The final preparation showed 5 CTA units/mg conjugate, 300 CTA units/mg protein, 8.4 % activity retention, and 47 % protein retention. The urokinase-dextran conjugate had good thermal, pH and storage stabilities. In addition, it showed greater resistance to the inhibitory effect of human plasma than native urokinase. Also in vitro biological half-life of urokinase increased 40 times by this conjugation. In view of activity, excellent stability and increased half-life, the conjugate can be a potential fibrinolytic agent in an injectable form.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.175-179
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• 1997

과실의 성숙 연화동안에 단백질의 변화에 대해 연구하고자 완숙 연화된 감과 대추에서 용해성에 따라 추출한 수용성 단백질, 염가용성 단백질 및 세포벽 단백질의 함량 변화와 각 단백질의 gel filtration chromatogram의 pattern 변화를 조사하였다. 두 과실의 수용성 단백질은 완숙감과 대추에서 각각 98.2, 117.1mg/100g-fr.wt.이었으며, 연화된 감과 대추에서는 각각 112.6, 183.4mg/100g-fr.wt.로 과실의 연화에 따라 증가하였다. 염가용성 단백질도 감의 경우 완숙감에서 51.7mg, 연시에서 133.2mg/100g-fr.wt.로 증가하였고, 대추의 경우에도 완숙·연화 대추 각각 101.8, 139.5mg/100g-fr.wt.로 현저한 증가를 보였다. 이 에 반해 세포벽 단백질 함량은 두 과실 모두 감소하였다. Gel filtration에서 연시의 수용성 단백질 chromatogram은 완숙감에 나타난 1개의 peak 이외에 다소 분자량이 작은 2개의 peak가 함께 존재 했으며 , 대추의 수용성 단백질은 완숙 대추와 연화 대추 모두 3개의 peak로 존재했다 염가용성 단백질 및 세포벽 단백질의 get filtration에서는 완숙 연화 과실에서 거의 유사한 경향의 chromatogram을 나타내었다. 또한 연좌된 감과 대추의 세포벽 단백질에서 단백질 함량이 감소하는 fraction은 수용성 및 염가웅성 단백질 분획에서 단백질 함량이 증가하는 fraction과 거의 일치하였다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.495-500
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• 2014

We examined chemical changes in oysters Crassostrea gigas and packing water that were sold after storage at 5, 10, and $20^{\circ}C$. The pH of oysters stored at $5^{\circ}C$ dropped to 5.81 after 10 days of storage, while that of oysters at $10^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$ dropped to 5.37 after 8 days and to 5.04 after 4 days, respectively. The glycogen content of oysters stored at $5^{\circ}C$ decreased from 718.89 to 421.85 mg/100g during storage, while that of oysters at $10^{\circ}C$ decreased to 351.49 mg/100 g after 4 days. The turbidity and soluble protein in packing water increased slightly. The viable cell count of oysters did not exceed 6 log CFU/g after 10 days of storage at $5^{\circ}C$, but that of oysters at $10^{\circ}C$ did so after 8 days. Additionally, the viable cell count of packing water was lower than that of oysters. We performed a principal component analysis, where the first principal component (55.03%-57.24%) and second principal component (42.76%-44.97%) described most variation. The first principal component included the pH of oysters and packing water, and the glycogen content of oysters. A Pearson correlation between the first two principal components had a higher R value than that between other components. Freshness was evaluated using the pH of oysters and packing water, and glycogen. We found that soluble protein content was significantly associated with a lower pH and glycogen content.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.606-612
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Several medicinal properties of Smilax china L. have been studied including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. However, the antiobesity activity and mechanism by which the water-soluble fraction of this plant mediates its effects are not clear. In the present study, we investigated the lipolytic actions of the water-soluble fraction of Smilax china L. leaf ethanol extract (wsSCLE) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. MATERIALS/METHODS: The wsSCLE was identified by measuring the total polyphenol and flavonoid content. The wsSCLE was evaluated for its effects on cell viability, lipid accumulation, glycerol, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) contents. In addition, western blot analysis was used to evaluate the effects on protein kinase A (PKA), PKA substrates (PKAs), and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). For the lipid accumulation assay, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with different doses of wsSCLE for 9 days starting 2 days post-confluence. In other cell experiments, mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated for 24 h with wsSCLE. RESULTS: Results showed that treatment with wsSCLE at 0.05, 0.1, and 0.25 mg/mL had no effect on cell morphology and viability. Without evidence of toxicity, wsSCLE treatment decreased lipid accumulation compared with the untreated adipocyte controls as shown by the lower absorbance of Oil Red O stain. The wsSCLE significantly induced glycerol release and cAMP production in mature 3T3-L1 cells. Furthermore, protein levels of phosphorylated PKA, PKAs, and HSL significantly increased following wsSCLE treatment. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that the potential antiobesity activity of wsSCLE is at least in part due to the stimulation of cAMP-PKA-HSL signaling. In addition, the wsSCLE-stimulated lipolysis induced by the signaling is mediated via activation of the ${\beta}$-adrenergic receptor.