• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.461-466
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• 2011

The feasibility of utilizing food waste leachate as an external carbon source was tested to enhance biological nutrient removal from an industrial wastewater with an average flow rate of $164,800m^3/d$ and a low carbon/nitrogen ratio of 2.8. A considerable improvement in the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus was observed when a certain amount of the leachate, ranging from 70 to $142m^3/d$, was supplemented to the biological industrial wastewater treatment process. The addition of the leachate led to an increase in the BOD/N ratio (4.5) and the removal efficiency of nutritents from 29.7% to 71.7% for nitrogen and from 34.8% to 65.6% for phosphorus. However, an excessive dose of the leachate that significantly exceeded $120m^3/d$ caused serious operational problems, like oil-layer formation in the grit chamber and scum layer in the primary clarifier. Thus, an supplement of food waste leachate at a dose acceptable to an existing facilities can be a practical and effective means to enhance the nutrient removal from industrial wastewater and to dispose of the food waste leachate.

• 멤브레인
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.241-246
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• 2005

본 연구는 하수 및 오폐수 처리를 위해 침지식 수처리 공정 적용을 위한 평판형 MF막인 $ENVIS^{(R)}$을 이용한 MBR SYSTEM 적용에 관한 연구이다. (주)퓨어엔비텍에서 만든 장치를 이용하여 공장의 오수시설($10\;m^3$/일)과 폐수처리장($30\;m^3$/일) 현장에서 실험을 수행한 결과, 공장 오수처리에 있어 제거율은 각각 SS $99.7\%$, BOD $97.6\%$, COD $96.8\%$였으며, 폐수처리에 있어 제거율은 각각 SS $99.6\%$, BOD $95.6\%$, COD $80.3\%$였다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.55-68
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• 2020

Because of the intensified environmental problems such as climate change and resource depletion, sewage treatment technology focused on energy management has recently attracted attention. The conversion of primary sludge from the primary sedimentation tank and excessive sludge from the secondary sedimentation tank into biogas is the key to energy-positive sewage treatment. In particular, the primary sedimentation tanks recover enriched biodegradable organic matter and anaerobic digestion process produces methane from the organic wastes for energy production. Such technologies for minimizing oxygen demand are leading the innovation regarding sewage treatment plants. However, sewage treatment facilities in Korea lack core technology and operational know-how. Actually, the energy potential of sewage is higher than sewage treatment energy consumption in the sewage treatment, but current processes are not adequately efficient in energy recovery. To improve this, it is possible to apply chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT), high-rate activated sludge (HRAS), and anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) to the primary sedimentation tank. To maximize the methane production of sewage treatment plants, organic wastes such as food waste and livestock manure can be digested. Additionally, mechanical pretreatment, thermal hydrolysis, and chemical pretreatment would enhance the methane conversion of organic waste. Power generation systems based on internal combustion engines are susceptible to heat source losses, requiring breakthrough energy conversion systems such as fuel cells. To realize the energy positive sewage treatment plant, primary organic matter recovery from sewage, biogas pretreatment, and co-digestion should be optimized in the energy management system based on the knowledge-based operation.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.213-217
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• 2008

본 연구는 지정폐기물에 함유된 미규제 중금속 Ni, Zn, Ba, Be, Sb, Se, V의 용출 특성을 조사한 것으로, 이들 항목의 배출 가능성이 높은 표본사업장을 선정하여 시료 108건을 채취 분석하였다. 중금속류의 용출시험은 선행연구과제에서 제시한 시험방법으로 분석하였다. 조사결과, Ni은 폐수처리오니, 분진에서 많이 검출되었으며, Zn은 대부분의 조사대상 시료에서 검출되었다. 석유 정제 공정에서 발생된 분진과 폐촉매에서는 V이 높은 농도로 검출되었다. Ba, Be, Sb, Se은 낮은 농도로 검출되었으나, 다양한 폐기물배출사업장에서 발생되는 폐기물을 추가 선정하여 용출특성을 파악하는 것이 필요하다고 판단되었다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2001년도 The 6th International Symposium of East Asian Resources Recycling Technology
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• pp.659-663
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• 2001

In Japan, the municipal solid waste, which amounts to 50 million tons, is generated every year and most of it is incinerated. The bottom and fly ashes are disposed to the registered disposal areas under the provisions of The Waste Disposal and Public Cleaning Law. Especially, as the fly ash from the municipal waste incineration (the primary fly ash) contains heavy metals (lead, zinc, etc) and dioxins, it cannot be disposed directly without decontamination, such as moiling, cementation, chelating and dissolving processes provided in the law. However, these procedures for decontamination, except melting, are not enough for dioxins. Even in case of melting, the fly ash from the process (the secondary fly ash) contains high concentration of heavy metals (e.g., Zn; 1-20%, Pb; 1-10%). For these reasons, Metal Mining Agency of Japan (MMAJ), a governmental organization, started a four-year project to develop the treatment technologies of these fly ashes in 1999. The purpose of the project is to establish the integrated technologies to recover the valuable metals from, and to decontaminate, the primary and secondary fly-ashes in the practical scale by utilizing the existing metallurgical processes and facilities, along with the energy saving and the reduction of the environmental impact.

• 분석과학
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.163-171
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• 2006

우리나라 지정폐기물에 함유된 오염물질 분석방법을 제시하기 위해 오니, 폐유, 소각재 등 폐기물 인증표준물질을 확보하여 중금속 종류별 기기별 전처리 방법을 적용 실험하였다. 지정폐기물에 함유된 As, CN, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Hg 7개 항목에 대한 함량시험방법을 제시하였다. 특히, 동일한 전처리 방법이 여러 항목에 적용될 수 있는지를 검토하고, 이들 항목 배출 가능성이 있는 34개 업소 표본사업장을 선정하여 폐기물 시료를 채취하고 제시한 분석방법으로 적용실험을 수행하였다.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.221-227
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• 2010

가압경수로 원전 농축폐액건조설비(CWDS)에서 생성된 농축폐액건조물에 대한 고화 방안이 국내외적으로 다양하게 연구되어 왔다. 농축폐액의 고형화는 시멘트, 파라핀 및 폴리머와 같은 고화제를 이용하여 수행되어 왔다. 동시에 농축폐액에 대한 감용비 및 운영상의 효과를 극대화하기 위한 농축폐액건조물 전처리 방안이 연구되었다. 건조된 분말 형태의 폐기물을 유리화 설비에서 직접 처리할 경우 비산에 의한 배기체 계통 및 폐기물 투입구 막힘 현상을 초래할 수 있으며, 취급 중 비산에 의한 방사성피폭을 초래할 가능성이 있다. 본 연구는 분말형태의 폐기물을 유리화설비에서 고화하기 위한 전처리방안을 수립하고 이를 통해 설비운영 및 폐기물 운영관리의 안전성을 확보하는데 목적이 있다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.87-97
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• 2021

본 연구는 폐자원에너지 활성화를 위한 폐자원에너지 인센티브제도(안)을 마련하기 위하여 수행되었다. 선행연구와 경제성 분석을 통해 에너지이용 형태별 가중치를 마련하였고, 폐자원에너지 인센티브(안)은 에너지이용 형태별로 에너지효율을 감안하여 산정되었다. 바이오가스화 시설 11개소의 경제성 분석 결과, B/C 수치가 0.16 ~ 1.69로 매우 다양하게 나타났다. 편익에서는 폐기물처리 반입료 수입이 전체의 68.4 ~ 99.3 %로 매우 높게 나타났고, 경영수지가 흑자(+)가 되는 '1' 이상인 시설이 4개소로 나타났다. 에너지 이용량을 판매량 Nm³ 단위로 환산하기 위해 '단위환산' 계수로 발전 0.58 Nm³/KW, 스팀 0.17 Nm³/kg, 중질가스 1.00 Nm³/Nm³으로 산정하였고, '가중치'는 이용 형태별 각각 발전 0.249, 스팀 0.656, 중질가스 0.806으로 산정하였다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.63-77
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• 2019

Traditional wastewater research mainly focuses on 1) estimating the amount of waste entering sewage treatment facilities, 2) evaluating the treatment efficiency of sewage facilities, 3) investigating the role of sewage treatment effluent as a point source, and 4) designing and managing sewage treatment facilities. However, since wastewater contains a variety of chemical and biological substances due to the discharge of human excreta and material used for daily living into it, the collective constituents of wastewater are likely a reflection of a community's status. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE), an emerging and promising field of study that involves the analysis of substances in wastewater, can be applied to monitor the state of a defined community. WBE provides opportunities for exploiting indicators in wastewater to fulfill various objectives. The data analyzed under WBE are those pertaining to selected natural and anthropogenic substances in wastewater that are a result of the discharge of metabolic excreta, illicit or legal drugs, and infectious pathogens into the wastewater. This paper reviews recent progress in WBE and addresses current challenges in the field. It primarily discusses several representative applications including the investigation of drug consumption across different communities and the management of community disease and health. Finally, it summarizes established indicators for WBE.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.113-127
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• 2006

As the local self-government are stabilized and the environmental value is becoming more important among local residents, the occurrence of the anti-movements against waste treatment facilities is getting more frequent. Opposing to build the reuse facilities of wastes takes place because of concerning of health and hygiene, as well as matters of unclear policy making process. However, these facilities must be built in somewhere for the convenience and profit of the public. The NIMBY phenomenon against reuse facilities of wastes could be a burden for the city operation system, and it could worsen citizens' quality of life in the long run. In these lights, reuse and recycling facilities of wastes in East region are necessary facilities improving citizens' quality of life and enhancing the growth of cities in the region. However, there have been concerning of deforestation during the construction process of the facilities. The landscape design presented here for these facilities considers the features of the environmental ecosystem and tries to establish a plan to preserve the natural environment of the City of Ichon. This paper presents methods minimizing adverse effects of the facilities on the existing environments and promoting the city image with integrating culture, tourism, landscape and environment of the city. The landscape design makes efforts to harmonize natural environments in the site, human activities and culture. Well-being park was aimed to lead healthy and energetic outdoor activities of local residents. Ecological park was aimed to enhance the ecological functions of the forests and restore the valley ecology. Culture park was aimed to capture the city identity by creating a place that contains all the variety of meanings of the City of Ichon.