• 제목/요약/키워드: waste treatment facilities

검색결과 192건 처리시간 0.019초

플라즈마를 이용한 악취물질 분해 특성 (Decomposition of odor using atmospheric-pressure plasma)

  • 강석원;이재식;이강산;임희아;김지성;이정대;박월수;박영구
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제21권7호
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    • pp.708-718
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    • 2020
  • 대기오염 중 악취는 인간의 생활이나 활동, 건강에 직·간접적으로 영향을 주어 사회적 환경문제로 인식되고 있다. 악취물질 중 NH3(암모니아), H2S(황화수소), C6H6(벤젠)은 석유화학공장, 공공하수처리시설 및 분뇨처리시설, 가축분뇨 처리시설, 폐기물 처리시설과 음식물류 처리시설에 등에서 대량으로 발생하므로 효율적인 악취 제거가 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 대기압 플라즈마를 이용한 악취 제거와 제거효율을 연구하였다. 가스크로마토그래피(Gas Chromatography, GC)와 악취측정장치를 이용하여 대기압 플라즈마와 악취물질 반응 전후의 농도를 측정하였다. 측정결과를 백분율로 환산하여 효율을 평가하였다. 플라즈마를 이용한 악취 분해는 플라즈마를 방전시킬 때 생성된 활성라디칼과 O3(오존)을 이용하여 악취물질을 중화처리 및 광화학적으로 산화하는 기전을 이용한 것으로 상온에서 악취 물질의 처리가 가능하며, 2차 오염물질의 발생이 없다는 장점이 있다. NH3, H2S, C6H6 3가지 악취 물질 모두 대기압 플라즈마의 출력을 500 W로 방전시켜 반응시켰을 때 모두 1분 내로 악취 물질이 완전히 분해되었다. 따라서 고농도의 악취 물질과 두 종류 이상의 냄새유발 물질이 반응할 때 발생한 복합악취 또한 대기압 플라즈마를 이용하여 제거할 수 있다고 판단된다.

Development of dry milling suitable rice cultivar to invigorate rice processing products

  • Jeung, Ji-Ung
    • 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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    • pp.10-10
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    • 2017
  • Rice consumption has been continuously decreasing as the eating habits of Koreans have become westernized and diversified. The per capita annual rice consumption in Korea has dropped sharply from 136.4 kg in 1970 to 61.9 kg in 2016. The Korean government, therefore, has been trying to promote rice consumption by invigorating the processed food industry using rice flour. To facilitate the market for processed rice foods, it is essential to develop proper milling technology in terms of flour particle size and damaged starch content to produce high quality rice flour at competitive cost. Dry milling and wet milling are the two major processes used to produce rice flour. Although the dry milling process is relatively simple with a lower production cost, damaged starch content increases because of the high grain hardness of rice. In wet milling, the quality of rice flour is improved by reducing flour particle size as well as damaged starch content through soaking procedures. However, the production costs are high because of the additional expenses associated with the disposal of waste water, sterilization and drying of the wet flour. Recently developed technologies such as jet milling and cryogenic milling also require expensive investment and production. Therefore, developing new rice cultivars with dry milling adaptability as well as good processing properties is an important goal of rice breeding in Korea. 'Suweon 542' is a floury endosperm mutant line derived from sodium azide treatment on a high-yield, early maturing, and non-glutinous japonica rice cultivar, 'Namil'. Compared with the wild type, after dry milling process, the grain hardness of 'Suweon 542' was significantly lower because of its round and loosely packed starch granules. Also, the flour of 'Suweon 542' had significantly smaller particles and less damaged starch than 'Namil' and other rice cultivars and its particle size distribution was similar to a commercial wheat cultivar. Recently, through collaborations with nine universities and food companies, a total of 21 kinds of processed prototypes, using the dry milling flour of 'Suweon 542', were evaluated. In the production of major rice processing products, there was no significant quality difference between the flours prepared by wet milling and dry milling. Although the amount of water added to the dough was slightly increased, it was confirmed that the recipe applying the wet flour could be used without significant change. To efficiently transfer the floury endosperm characteristics of 'Suweon 542' to other commercial rice cultivars, it is essential to develop DNA marker tightly linked to the target gene. Association analysis using 70 genome-wide SSR markers and 94 F2 plants derived from 'Suweon 542'/'Milyang 23' showed that markers on chromosome 5 explained a large portion of the variation in floury grains percentage (FGP). Further analysis with an increased number of SSR markers revealed that the floury endosperm of 'Suweon 542' was directed by a major recessive locus, flo7(t), located in the 19.33-19.86 Mbp region of chromosome 5, with RM18639 explaining 92.2% of FGP variation in the F2 population. Through further physical mapping, a co-segregate and co-dominant DNA marker with the locus, flo7(t) was successfully developed, by which, thereby, breeding efficiency of rice cultivars having proper dry milling adaptability with high yield potential or useful functional materials would be improved. 'Suweon 542' maintained the early maturity of the wild type, Namil, which can be used in rice-wheat double cropping systems in Korea not only for improved arable land but also for sharing flour production facilities. In addition to the high susceptibility against major rice diseases, nevertheless, another possible drawback of 'Suweon 542' is the high rate of viviparous under prolonged rainfall during the harvesting season. To overcome susceptibility and vivipary of 'Suweon 542', the progeny lines, derived from the crosses 'Suweon 542' and 'Jopyeong', an early maturing rice cultivar with multiple resistance against rice blast, bacterial blight, and rice strip virus, and 'Heugjinju', a anthocyanin pigment containing black rice cultivar, were intensively evaluated. As the outputs, three dry milling suitable rice elite lines, 'Jeonju614', 'Jeonju615', and 'Jeonju616' were developed.

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