• Title/Summary/Keyword: waste rate

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Evaluation of Carbonation Characteristic for Concrete using OLED Waste Glass Powder (OLED 페유리 미분말을 혼화재로 활용한 콘크리트의 탄산화 특성 평가)

  • Kim, Jae-Don;Jang, Il-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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    • v.23 no.6_2
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    • pp.1111-1117
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    • 2020
  • In this study, the carbonation characteristics of concrete according to the mixture of OLED waste glass were evaluated. Replacement capacities of OLED waste glass were 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% of cement, and they were named OG 0, OG 10, OG 20, and OG 30. As a result of the compressive strength test, OG 0 without replacing OLED waste glass showed high intensity until the 14th. However, the higher the replacement rate of OLED waste glass, the higher the compressive strength of 28 days. In addition, the speed of carbonation was faster with the higher the replacement rate of OLED waste glass, and the accelerated carbonation experiment was about three times faster than the natural carbonation test. In conclusion, the carbonation characteristics of OLED concrete are expected to be positive in terms of atmospheric CO2 absorption.

The Effects of different food-wastes of household on the feeding rate and growth rate of Eisenia fetida(Annelida: Oligochaeta) population (가정에서 발생한 서로 다른 종류의 음식물 쓰레기가 줄지렁이(Eisenia fetida)개체군의 섭식 및 생장에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Kwang-Il;Bae, Yoon-Hwan
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.85-93
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    • 2013
  • The amount of salted food waste and non-salted food waste from household consisted of 4 family members was surveyed. And the feeding rate and growth rate of Eisenia fetida population upon the different food wastes such as vegetables, grains, fruits and salted food waste were investigated. Total amount of food waste from a household was 3,200g/week. i.e. 0.114kg/day/capita and non-salted food waste was 53.9% of food waste. Salt contents of vegetables, grains, fruits were 0.60, 0.36 and 0.33%, respectively, if they were assumed to have 70% water content. Salt content of salted food waste was 0.78%. Upon the non-salted vegetables and fruits, feeding rate of earthworm was high but growth rate was low. Upon the non-salted grains, feeding rate of earthworm was low but growth rate was high. Upon the food with 70% water content, earthworm could not feed and grow when salt content of food was over 0.6%, and earthworm could feed normally but showed low growth rate when salt content of food was 0.3%. These results indicated that earthworm could stabilize the non-salted food wastes with ease but could hardly stabilize the salted food wastes.

Mechanical Properties of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Using Waste Glass (폐유리를 혼입한 강섬유보강 콘크리트의 역학적 특성)

  • 박승범;이봉춘
    • Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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    • v.14 no.6
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    • pp.1032-1039
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    • 2002
  • Since recycling waste glass as a material for concrete has a great advantage environmentally and economically, the US, Japan and other countries have started recycling waste glass widely and accumulating the technology of manufacturing equipment and its construction. However, there is no practical data on the mechanical property of concrete using waste glass. In this study, the mechanical property of the steel fiber reinforced concrete using waste glass was analyzed in terms of waste glass content(20vo1. %, 40vo1. % as a part of fine aggregate) and steel fiber content(0.5~ 1.5vol.%). The results of this study are as follows : The workability of the concrete including steel fiber and waste glass decreases, as the inclusion rate of waste glass and steel fiber increases. The tensile strength, flexural strength and flexural toughness of the concrete including waste glass increase considerably, as the inclusion rate of steel fiber increases. From the results, the appropriate inclusion rate of steel fiber and waste glass is thought to be 1.0vol. % and 20vo1. %, respectively.

The Production of Alcohol from Municipal Waste(II) - The Effects of Physical or Chemical Treatment on the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Waste Paper - (도시 폐기물로부터 알코올 생산 (II) - 물리적, 화학적 전처리된 폐지의 효소가수분해 조건 검토 -)

  • Lim, Bu-Kug;Yang, Jae-Kyung;Lee, Jong-Yoon
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.65-70
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    • 1997
  • The effects on the enzymatic hydrolysis of waste paper treated with physical or chemical treatment were investigated. To gain the higher saccharification rate, physical or chemical treatment are necessary in enzymatic conversion process of waste paper. The major deterrents to the effective utilization of waste paper for enzymatic conversion process are phenolic compounds, cellulose crystallinity and coating materials. In the enzymatic hydrolysis of waste paper, the deterrents through enzymatic conversion process can be eliminated by the physical or chemical treatment. This study was performed to obtain the optimal condition for enzymatic conversion process of non-treated waste paper and to review effects on enzymatic conversion process of waste paper treated with physical or chemical methods. In the aspect of saccharification rate, waste paper treated with 1.5% sodium hypochlorite was the most effective and in physical treatment methods, multi-stage treatment(autohydrolysis+refining treatment) was more effective than the other physical treatment.

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The role of natural rock filler in optimizing the radiation protection capacity of the intermediate-level radioactive waste containers

  • Tashlykov, O.L.;Alqahtani, M.S.;Mahmoud, K.A.
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.54 no.10
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    • pp.3849-3854
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    • 2022
  • The present work aims to optimize the radiation protection efficiency for ion-selective containers used in the liquid treatment for the nuclear power plant (NPP) cooling cycle. Some naturally occurring rocks were examined as filler materials to reduce absorbed dose and equivalent dos received from the radioactive waste container. Thus, the absorbed dose and equivalent dose were simulated at a distance of 1 m from the surface of the radioactive waste container using the Monte Carlo simulation. Both absorbed dose and equivalent dose rate are reduced by raising the filler thickness. The total absorbed dose is reduced from 7.66E-20 to 1.03E-20 Gy, and the equivalent dose is rate reduced from 183.81 to 24.63 µSv/h, raising the filler thickness between 0 and 17 cm, respectively. Also, the filler type significantly affects the equivalent dose rate, where the redorded equivalent dose rates are 24.63, 24.08, 27.63, 33.80, and 36.08 µSv/h for natural rocks basalt-1, basalt-2, basalt-sill, limestone, and rhyolite, respectively. The mentioned results show that the natural rocks, especially a thicker thickness (i.e., 17 cm thickness) of natural rocks basalt-1 and basalt-2, significantly reduce the gamma emissions from the radioactive wastes inside the modified container. Moreover, using an outer cementation concrete wall of 15 cm causes an additional decrease in the equivalent dose rate received from the container where the equivalent dose rate dropped to 6.63 µSv/h.

Measurement of Waste Generation in Seawater Aquaria by Common Conger (Astroconger myriaster) arld Olive Flounder (Paralichyhus olivaceus) (해수활어수조에서 붕장어 (Astroconger myriaster)와 넙치 (Puralichyhus olivaceus)에 의한 오염물 발생량 산정)

  • SUH Kuen-Hack;SHIN Jeong-Sik;JO Jae-Yoon
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.37 no.6
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    • pp.492-497
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    • 2004
  • Waste concentration and waste generation rate in seawater aquaria by common conger (Astrocongey myriaster) and olive flounder (Paralichyhus olivaceus) were investigated. The initial fish density of common conger and olive flounder were $3{\%}\;and \;2.8{\%}$ of total weight of aquarium water, respectively Wastes in the seawater aquaria, such as protein, total suspended solid (TSS), ammonia, turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) increased with days after stocking. Protein generation rate of common conger increased until 1 day after stocking while that of olive flounder increased until 3 days. The average protein generation rates of common conger and olive flounder were $0.28g/kg{\cdot}day\;and\;0.21g/kg{\cdot}day$, respectively. The trends of other waste generation rate were similar to protein generation rate.

Studies on the Biological Treatment of Dye Waste Water and Degration of Polyvinyl Alcohol (염색공장 폐수중 PVA 분해세균의 분리 및 생물학적 처리효과)

  • 강선태;서승교;권오억
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.21-28
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    • 1990
  • As a research for treatment of waste water by biological method, we investigated general characteristics of waste water and isolated some useful bacteria which effectively treated waste water. Compositions of waste water were analyzed to give COD 2060 ppm, PVA 560 ppm, T-N 50 ppm, T-P 3.3 ppm and PH 12. Also, we inverstigated optimum nutrients requirement and growth conditions by mixed culture as well as the effect of coagulants. The COD removal rate reached maximum state for 48 hrs culture at pH 7.0 and 30$^{\circ}$C. Alum as the coagulated was the most effective. The COD removal rate was also increased by supplementing 10 ppm phosphorous sources as additional nutrients. The COD of waste water was reduced to 10% of its initial value by the continuous culture. As a result of overall experiments the COD of effluents became about 100 ppm and final pH 7.

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The Effects of pH and Buffer Materials on the Leaching of Simulated Waste Glass

  • Kim, S.S.;Kim, J.G.;Kim, J.S.;Chun, K.S.;Lee, G.H.
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 1998
  • Effects of pH, bentonite and Portland cement on the leaching of the simulated waste glass were investigated. The simulated waste glass showed the low leach rate in the neutral pH region, while the leach rate in both acidic and alkaline regions increased. Addition of bentonite to the leachant enhanced the leaching of the waste glass. When the waste glass was leached at 72$^{\circ}C$ for 36 days in the ground water with gel state Na-bentonite, approximately 2.2${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ of the surface was corroded out and the large amount of Ti, Nd, and Zr was observed on the surface. The amount of B leached from the simulated waste glass in the presence of domestic bentonite was about three times higher than that in the presence of Aldrich bentonite as well as Portland cement.

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Characteristics of Anaerobic Degradation on Dewatered Liquid of Household Food Waste. (음식물쓰레기 탈수액의 혐기성 생분해 특성)

  • Kim, Woo-Sung;Seo, Jeoung-Yoon;Lee, Young-Hyeong
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.234-238
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    • 1998
  • Anaerobic degradation characteristics of dewatered liquid of household food waste including methane conversion efficiency and degradation kinetics were studied in an anaerobic batch reactor of 5 L volume. The ultimate methane production for dewatered liquid of household food waste tested was over 0.31L $CH_4/L{\cdot}dewatered$ liquid of household food waste. The kinetic constant of dewatered liquid of household food waste tested was $0.223d^{-1}/L$. The kinetic behavior of anaerobic degradation was described as a first order series reaction. The determinant of rate-limiting step(DR) that is balanced out from the rates of reaction steps was defined by the logarithmic difference of the maximum acidification rate and the maximum methanation rate. Anaerobic degradation characteristics of organic materials were evaluated by the value of DR. The DR of dewatered liquid of household food waste tested was 1.17.

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