• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.143-149
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• 2012

한국원자력연구원의 지하처분연구시설인 KURT 부지에 가상의 심지층 처분 시설을 가정하고 안전성평가를 수행하기 위해 필요한 지하수 유동 자료를 작성하기 위한 지하수 유동 모의가 수행되었다. 연구지역의 전반적인 지하수 유동 특성을 고려하기 위해, 광역 규모의 지하수 유동 모의를 먼저 실시하여 국지 규모 지하수 유동 모의에서 이용될 경계 조건을 구하고, 현장에서 확인된 단열 자료를 반영하여 국지 규모에서의 지하수 유동계가 모의되었다. 같은 방식으로 국지 규모에서 지하수 유동에 관한 경계 조건을 뽑아내어 KURT 부지 규모의 지하수 유동 모의에 이용하였다. 국지 규모의 지하수 유동 모의 결과로 얻어진 지하수위 분포를 통해 입자 추적(particle tracking) 모의를 수행하여 가상의 처분 부지 위치에서 지표로 흐르는 지하수의 유동 경로를 확인하고, 경로의 길이와 지하수의 시간당 유동량(discharge rate)을 구하였다. 본 연구에서 이용된 일련의 지하수 유동 모의 및 입자 추적 모의 방법은 향후 심지층 처분 시설의 안전성 평가에 필요한 자료를 작성하는데 유용하게 쓰일 것으로 기대된다.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.393-400
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• 2006

고준위폐기물 심지층 처분장 설계시 주요한 고려인자는 완충재의 건전성 유지를 위하여 폐기물로부터 발생되는 열로 인하여 완충재의 온도가 $100^{\circ}C$를 넘지 않도록 하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 요건을 만족하는 고준위폐기물 심지층 처분장 배치를 위하여 처분터널 및 처분공 간격에 대한 분석을 수행하였다. 이를 위하여, 기준 처분개념을 바탕으로 사용후핵연료의 냉각기간 및 처분터널/처분공 간격을 다양하게 설정하여, 처분시스템에서의 열적 안정성 해석 및 결과를 비교분석하였다. 분석결과, 처분장 열적 요건을 만족하는 배치는 처분터널의 간격 보다는 처분공 간격을 조절하여 배치하는 것이 유리한 것으로 판단되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 심지층 처분시설 설계시 활용될 것이다. 향후, 정확한 부지특성 자료를 통한 상세한 분석이 수행되면, 분석결과의 불확실성을 줄일 것이다.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.183-193
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• 2024

As part of the social response to the radon bed incident in 2018, the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission took measures to collect and dispose of all radon beds. The Waste Management Act provides landfill disposal as one of the disposal methods for natural radioactive product waste, which is one of the NORM wastes. When NORM wastes are landfilled, workers and the public at the landfill site are exposed to radiation through various pathways, such as leaching of radionuclides through soil and groundwater, and multiple exposure factors are involved simultaneously. In order to improve the reliability of radiological impact assessment, the values of main exposure factors should be selected more accurately. Therefore, before developing the main exposure factors for site characteristics, it is necessary to prioritize main exposure factors reflecting domestic characteristics of NORM waste landfills. Therefore, in this study, the main exposure factors for NORM waste landfill were derived using NDD analysis. To derive the main exposure factors, the analysis tool was first selected as RESRAD-ONSITE computer code, and the exposure scenarios were mainly selected as a resident farmer and suburban resident scenario, recreation scenario, and industrial worker scenario. Then, the priority 1 and 2 factors were selected for sensitivity analysis, and a Korean standard model was established to reflect Korean characteristics. Finally, the sensitivity analysis was conducted through NDD, and the main exposure factors were derived based on this. In the resident farmer scenario, the contaminated zone distribution coefficients of ²²⁶Ra, ²¹⁰Pb, ²³²Th, ²²⁸Ra, ²³⁴U, and ²³⁸U, as well as precipitation and evapotranspiration factors, were derived as the main exposure factors. In the suburban resident scenario, the contaminated zone distribution coefficients of ²²⁶Ra, ²¹⁰Pb, ²³²Th, ²²⁸Ra, ²³⁴U, and ²³⁸U, as well as precipitation and evapotranspiration coefficients, were derived as the main exposure factors. In the recreation scenario, the contaminated zone distribution coefficient of ²³²Th was derived as the main exposure factor. For the industrial worker scenario, the erosion rate was derived as the main exposure factor. The main exposure factors for each scenario were analyzed to be different depending on the scenario characteristics. The results of this study can be utilized as a basis for radiological environmental impact assessment of NORM waste landfill in Korea.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.245-255
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• 2008

중 저준위방사성폐기물 처분부지에 대한 건설 및 운영 인허가 취득을 위한 종합적인 부지특성조사가 사업자인 한국수력원자력(주)의 책임 하에 이루어졌으며, 수리지질조사는 부지의 수리지질학적 특성 해석과 방사선적 안전성 평가를 위한 기초자료 생산을 목적으로 수행되었다. 처분부지의 수리지질특성은 주로 지표에서 이루어진 지질조사, 시추조사, 각종 수리시험 및 지구물리탐사 자료를 종합적으로 분석하여 수리지질체계의 특성을 평가하고, 이를 토대로 수리토양영역, 3 개의 수리암반영역 및 5 개의 투수성구조영역으로 구성되는 수리-구조모델을 제시하였다. 본 논문에서 제시된 수리-구조모델과 수리인자는 지하수유동모델 해석 업무에 직접 이용되었다. 본 논문의 결과는 지표조사단계에서 얻어진 자료에 근거한 것이므로 수리지질특성과 관련된 제반 조사방법에 가정과 불확실성이 내재되어 있다. 따라서 현재 진행 중인 지하시설 건설과정에 취득되는 직접적인 수리지질특성 관련 자료를 종합적으로 재 해석함으로써 부지특성조사 단계에서의 가정과 불확실성을 저감시킬 수 있고, 최종적인 수리-구조모델의 신뢰성 향상을 기대할 수 있다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.549-561
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• 2021

Indonesia has policies and strategies for the management of radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel that arises from the use of nuclear research and development facilities, including three research reactors, and the use of radioisotopes in medicine and industries. The Indonesian government has provided extensive facilities such as an independent regulatory organization (BAPETEN) and a centralized radioactive waste management organization (CRWT-BATAN). Further, the presence of regulations and several international conventions guarantee the protection of the public from all risks due to handling radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel. However, the sustainability of radioactive waste management in the future faces various challenges, such as disposal issues related to not only to site selection but also financing of radioactive waste management. Likewise, the problem of transportation persists; as an archipelago country, Indonesia still struggles to manage the infrastructure required for the transport of radioactive materials. The waste from the production of the radioisotopes, especially from the production of 99Mo, requires special attention because BATAN has never handled it. Indonesia should also resolve the management of NORM from various activities. In Indonesia, the definition of radioactive waste does not include NORM. Therefore, the management of this waste needs revision and improvement on the regulations, infrastructure, and technology.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2016년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.106-107
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• 2016

Construction waste is recycled and used for the efficient and eco-friendly disposal of construction waste increasing due to reconstruction and redevelopment project and so on. There is recycled aggregate as a typical case. And this recycled aggregate shows strong alkalinity due to calcium hydroxide, and causes many environmental problems. Therefore, this is a study on reduction in the strong alkalinity of recycled aggregate by using phosphate of ammonium in order to reduce the pH of recycled aggregate. Besides, a possibility that a pH reducing agent of recycled aggregate could be applied to a site was evaluated. As a result, it was possible to verify that pH decreased as the percentage of pH reducing agent increased. It is thought that the pH reducing agent can be applied to a site by methods such as immersion and spray using the pH reducing agent in the process of producing recycled aggregates.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.26-39
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to establish a novel system for on-site management of construction and demolition waste. Construction waste has always been one of largest waste in the world and has long lacked an effective management system. Although various countries have planned the disposal of waste at the political level, the real-time and effective management of construction sites has not been mentioned. Especially in China, the continuous development of the construction industry also generates a large amount of waste, and China is not prepared for a large amount of construction waste. In order to alleviate the huge impact of construction waste on society and the environment, this study proposes a waste management method that combines Building Information Modeling technology and Radio Frequency Identification technology. Through this research, by using information technology to manage the generation and discharge of construction waste, and record the amount and information of waste generation, also improve the management method of construction waste.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.219-230
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• 2004

Most of the low-level liquid radioactive wastes generated from PWR plants are classified into high or low total suspended solid(HTDS or LTDS), and into radiochemical and radioactive laundry waste. Although the evaporation process has a high decontami- nation ability, it has several problems such as corrosion, foam, and congestion. A new liquid waste disposal process using the ion-exchange demineralizer(IED), instead of the current evaporation process, has been introduced into the Yonggwang NPP #5 and 6. These two methods have been compared to understand the differences in this study. Aspects compared here were the released radioactivity amount of the liquid radioactive wastes, the dose of off-site residents, the decontamination factor, and the amount of the solid radioactive wastes. The IED system is designed to discharge higher radioactivity about 20% than the evaporating system, and the actual radioactivity released from the evaporating and IED system were 0.473mCi and 1.098mCi, respectively. The radioactivity released from the IED was 2.32 times higher than that of the evaporating system. The dose of off-site residents was $2.97{\times}10^{-6}$mSv for the evaporating system, and $6.47{\times}10^{-6}$mSv for IED. The decontamination factor(DF) of the evaporator is, in most cases, far lower than the lower limits of detection(LLD) with the Ge-Li detector. Due to the low concentration of the liquid wastes collected from the liquid waste system, the decontamination factor of IED is very low. Since there is not enough data on the amount of solid radioactive wastes generated by the evaporation system, the comparison on these two systems has been conducted on the basis of the design, and the comparison result was that the evaporating system generated more wastes about 40% than IED.

• 에너지공학
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.77-87
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• 2008

2005년 중 저준위 방사성폐기물처분시설의 부지선정 과정은 목표를 달성했다는 측면에서 성공 사례로 평가할 수 있다. 그러나 과정에서 나타난 한계점들은 여전히 풀어야 할 숙제로 남아 있다. 이 정책의 성공과 한계에 대한 영향 인자와 이들 상호간의 관계를 분석함으로써 향후 관련 정책 수립 및 추진에 효과적인 틀을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 예상된다. 방사성폐기물처분시설 정책의 정성적인 요인들은 변수로 설정하여 방사성폐기물처분시설 모델을 수립하였으며 이 모델을 계산하기 위하여 통합적 분석 툴인 시스템다이내믹스를 활용하였다. 시스템다이내믹스 분석 결과를 보면 정책주체의 투명성, 지역 지원 수준, 홍보를 조절 가능한 요인으로 설정하였을 때, 찬성 논리와 반대 논리 사이에 직간접적으로 영향을 미치고 중간에 신뢰가 매우 중요한 역할을 하고 있음을 가시적으로 나타낼 수 있었다. 신뢰는 제시된 여러 인자들에 영향을 미치거나 피드백되어 의견이 결정의 방향성을 전환할 있는 정책지렛대라 할 수 있다.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.79-90
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• 1988

Untill to-day the disposal of municipal refuse in Korea is entirely depending on dumping the refuse into concave land except a few case that bring about the secondary pollution by generating insects, offensive odour and the dust blow which cause adverse effects to dwelling community in the vicinity. It is widely recognized since Korea is ready to be advanced nation must be carried out the proper way of refuse disposal as meet with the environmental standard and ready to accept by general public. Refuse disposal that is practiced by world wide is known as sanitary landfill although it bears some what the expensive construction and operation costs rather than the plain dumping. The following statement is the construction of sanitary landfill in brief. When one takes a look at the Unites States which has huge territory normaly carry out the refuse disposal by anaerobic improved landfill method while the country has limitted land is experimenting various types of landfill which bring about the earier reuse of completed landfill site and minimise the secondary pollution. The author of this article consider out of several landfill methods the semi aerobic landfill will be widely applied in Korea in coming day, the following article will elaborate little more about the semi aerobic method.