• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2001년도 The 6th International Symposium of East Asian Resources Recycling Technology
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• pp.144-148
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• 2001

In this study, to improve the color of iron oxide from waste pickling acid at the cold rolling mill, quality control technologies to improve color were investigated. During operation of the spray roaster, the charge amount of waste acid per hour, temperature, and numbers of spray nozzles were investigated. At the admixing process, titanium oxide, silica, and goethite were tested. The color character of iron oxide can be improved by process control of the spray roaster and the admixing process at a pigment factory. Iron oxide from this study is appropriate for use as a colorant of a concrete product.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.259-266
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• 1995

In order to manufacture an attractive waste glass for the permanent and secure disposal of high-level radioactive waste, the complex composition of the simulated nuclear waste glass PNL-7668 was simplified to a composition of sodium borosilicate glass. The substitutions of $Fe_2O_3$ and $Al_2O_3$ were added to examine on the leaching characteristics of simulated nuclear waste glass with variable composition. The leach tests for these glasses were performed according to 'MCC-1, Static Leach Test Procedure' in acid and basic solution. In this study, for the $Al_2O_3$-containing glasses, Na ion release from these glasses was higher in acid solution than in basic solution. As the content of $Fe_2O_3$ was increased in glasses, Na ion release was increased in acid solution, in spite of decrease of amount of total mass diminution.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2017년도 춘계학술논문요약집
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• pp.336-337
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• 2017

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2005년도 춘계 학술대회
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• pp.278-283
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• 2005

원자력 발전소에서 발생한 시멘트 또는 파라핀 고화체 중의 핵종분석을 하기 위해서는 시료의 용액화가 필요하다. 이를 위하여 산 침출법과 극초단파 산분해법을 이용하여 SRM(standard reference material)을 용액화한 다음 AAS와 ICP-AES를 사용하여 용액 속의 원소들을 분석 비교하였다. 완전 용액화가 가능한 극초단파 산분해법으로 처리한 결과와 일치하는 산 침출조건을 제안하여 많은 양의 시료를 한 번에 처리할 수 있는 산 침출법으로 방사성 고화체 시료 중의 비휘발성핵종분석을 위한 고화체 용액화 방법을 확립하였다. 방사성 고화체의 산 침출시마다 Re을 첨가하여 시료 전처리 단계에서의 회수율은 $80\%$ 이상으로 나타났다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.312-320
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• 1996

음식물찌꺼기 퇴비의 식물독성을 평가하기 위하여 $1.1m^3$ 규모로 퇴비화 연구를 수행하였으며, 퇴비화과 정중 유식물 생장시험을 실시하였다. 음식물찌꺼기 퇴비화과정중 총 Na와 수용성 Na 함량은 꾸준히 증가하였으며, 수용성 Na의 함량은 총 Na 함량의 80% 이상을 차지하고 있어 토양에 직접 시용시 퇴비중 식염의 농도가 토양과 작물에 악영향을 줄 가능성이 있을 것으로 판단되었다. 한편 음식물 찌꺼기 혼합원료중 휘발성 지방산은 acetic acid가 주성분으로서, 초기의 고온기인 5~30일 사이에 350~400ppm 범위의 높은 농도를 지속적으로 유지하였으나, 40일 이후에는 그 농도가 급격히 저하되었다. 이는 음식물찌꺼기의 퇴비화과정중 배추종자에 대한 3일째의 G.I값이 약 40일째까지 심한 증감들 보였으며, 이러한 G.I.값의 증감은 퇴비화 과정중 산소공급을 위한 뒤집기의 실시와 40일 이후에 급격히 감소하는 휘발성 지방산의 농도변화와 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 판단된다. 반면에 45일째 이후에서는 G.I.값이 50이상을 유지하였으며, 그후 퇴비화 기간의 증가로 G.I값의 현저한 상승은 나타나지 않았는데, 이는 음식물찌꺼기중의 Na의 영향에 기인하는 것으로 생각된다. 휘발성 지방산 및 Na의 표준용액을 이용하여 배추종자에 대한 식물독성을 조사한 결과 휘발성 지방산의 경우는 300ppm 이상, 그리고 Na는 2000ppm 이상의 농도에서 50 이하의 G.I.값을 보였다. 이러한 휘발성 지방산의 농도변화와 G.I.값의 조사결과로 볼 때, 음식물찌꺼기는 퇴비화를 통하여 약 45일이면 안정화가 가능할 것으로 판단되었다. 그러나 약 80일 동안 안정화시킨 퇴비의 G.I.값 역시 60 이하의 수준을 보여 음식물찌꺼기 퇴비에 의한 식물독성의 원인이 되는 물질은 식염일 것으로 추정된다. 결론적으로 음식물찌꺼기 퇴비는 충분히 부숙되었다 하더라도 음식물찌꺼기 자체가 함유하고 있는 Na가 더 큰 문제점으로 나타났다. 그 때문에 음식물찌꺼기를 농업적으로 사용하기 위해서는 식염에 대한 적절한 대책이 선행되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.1247-1256
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• 2010

Since biodiesel as bioenergy is defined as ester compounds formed by esterification of animal/vegetable oils, in this study three vegetable cooking oils (market, waste and refined waste ones) were esterified by reactions of alkali catalyst and immobilized enzyme. The fatty acid composition of the formed ester compounds was analyzed to investigate the feasibility of biodiesel production. By lipolysis (i.e, hydrolysis of Triglyceride (TG)), all three vegetable oils used in this study were found to produce Diglyceride (DG), Monoglyceride (MD) and Fatty acid ethylester (FAEE). However, the amount of produced FAEE (which can be used as an energy source) was in the increasing order of market cooking oil, waste one and refined waste one. With NaOH catalyst, FAEE was produced about 24.92, 17.63 and 11.31 % for the respective oils while adding Lipozyme TL produced FAEE about 43.54, 38.16 and 24.47 %, respectively. This indicates that enzyme catalyst is more effective than alkali one for transesterification. In addition, it was found that the composition of fatty acids produced by hydrolysis of TG was unchanged with alkali and immobilized enzyme reactions. Thus it can be expected that stable conditions remain in the course of mixing with gasoline whose composition is similar to that of the fatty acids.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.147-153
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• 2024

Radioactive liquid waste generated during operation and overhaul is collected and reused through the radioactive liquid waste treatment system and continuous monitoring system in the nuclear power plant or discharged to the outside if it satisfies the limit within the control and monitoring. However, there are concerns about boric acid management, which controls the power output of nuclear power plants in radioactive liquid waste. Due to the behavior of boric acid, it is difficult to remove it in the existing liquid radwaste system, and the concentration of boric acid water discharged tends to be higher than the natural state of 5 ppm, so additional facilities should be considered. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the radiological effects of radioactive waste treatment facilities that are under development and use them as a basis for managing worker exposure and evaluating the safety of facilities in the future.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2005년도 국제학술대회
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• pp.359-364
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• 2005

The possible use of milk factory waste water as fermentation media for the production of citric acid by cells of Aspergillus niger ATCC 9142 has been investigated. The addition of $Mn^{2+}$, $Fe^{2+}$ and $Cu^{2+}$ to a medium promoted the citric acid production steadily, but addition of another metal ion $Mg^{2+}$decreased the citric acid production. The concentrations of citric acid were marked up to 7.2g/1 and 16.5g/l in a batch bioreactor by A. niger ATCC 9142 with 50g/1 and 100g/l of reducing sugar concentration in milk factory waste water, respectively.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.6-11
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• 2006

Aspegillus niger 세포에 의한 구연산 생산에 대한 발효 매체로서 우유공장폐수가 연구되었다. 발효매체에 $Mn^{2+},\;Fe^{2+}\;and\;Cu^{2+}$의 첨가가 구연산 생산을 일정하게 증가시켰다. 그러나 다른 금속이온인 $Mg^{2+}$의 첨가는 구연산 생산을 감소시켰다. 구연산의 농도는 우유공장폐수에서 환원당 농도의 농도가 50 g/l와 100 g/1로 Aspegillus niger ATCC 9142에 의한 batch bioreactor에서 각각 7.2 g/1과 16.5 g/l로 높게 표시되었다. 본 실험에서 적용한 수리적 모델식들이 세포성장의 예상, 구연산 생산, 기질소모 속도에 대해 잘 적용되는지를 알아보기 위해서 발효반응 모델식에 적용시켜 본 결과 실험치와 잘 부합되었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.606-614
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• 2017

Amount of food waste has been increased annually in Korea and re-use of food waste as a fertilizer or soil amendment in agricultural field has been studied. Therefore, main purpose of this research was to determine optimum condition of hydrolysis for food waste management. Three different solvents, HCl, $H_2SO_4$, and KOH, were used and varied concentration at the range of 10~30% and hydrolysis time at the range of 1~3 hours were evaluated. In general, reduction rate of food waste was increased when concentration of solvent and hydrolysis time was increased except when KOH was used. Among different solvents, concentration, and hydrolysis time, the highest reduction rate (97.79%) was observed when 30% of HCl was used with temperature of $140^{\circ}C$ at 2 hours of hydrolysis time. In addition, neutralization effect of alkalic materials, shell waste (SW) and egg shell (ES) was evaluated. Both SW and ES increased pH of finished acid hydrolysis solution up to 7.61 indicating that neutralization effect of SW and ES was sufficient for finished acid hydrolysis solution. Contents of organic matter was also at the range of 10.7~13.04% and 5.53~8.04% respectively when HCl and $H_2SO_4$ were used as solvent. Overall, hydrolysis technique can be used to manage food waste with selected optimum condition in this study and characteristics of finished hydrolysis solution after neutralization might be suitable for soil amendments.