• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.169-172
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• 2003

약용 또는 잡초로 취급되어 왔으나 최근에는 박과접목묘의 대목으로 이용되고 있는 안동대목의 종자는 가종피 제거 또는 종자처리를 하지 않을 경우 발아가 아주 불량하다. 본 연구는 안동대목 종자 파종시 가종피 제거에 투입되는 노력을 줄일 수 있는가를 검토하고자 노화, NaOH, 세척, 저온 및 질산화 물 혼용처리 및 건조 등 순차적으로 가하여지는 물리$.$화학적 처리가 안동대목 종자의 발아 및 처리종자의 유묘출현율을 조사하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 가종피를 제거하지 않은 채종 당년의 안동대목 종자의 발아율은 화학제를 이용한 종피연화 처리시 10% NaOH 처리시 가장 높았으나 노화처리를 통한 휴면타파 후에 처리할 경우 발아율은 더욱 향상되었다. 2. NaOH를 이용한 종피연화 처리 후의 세척을 통한 종피표면의 점액질 제거와 세척 후에 가하여지는 저온처리는 안동대목 종자의 발아율을 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. 3. 1주간 저온처리와 동시에 가하여지는 화학제와 혼용처리로는 증류수를 공급하는 것보다는 0.2% KNO$_3$ 용액을 관주할 경우 발아율이 향상되는 것으로 나타났다. 4. 처리종자의 건조는 무건조보다는 건조시, 건조할 경우 암 상태보다는 적색광을 처리하면서 건조할 경우 발아율이 향상되었다. 5. 가종피를 제거하지 않은 안동대목 종자의 발아율은 일련의 종자처리를 통하여 80% 정도에 이르렀던 반면, 포장출현율은 60% 정도로 나타났다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.142-147
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• 2004

Tebuconazole의 안전성 평가를 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 tebuconazole의 처리시기, 처리횟수, 봉지 씌우기(괘대) 및 세척방법에 따른 잔류성을 조사하였다. 수확 전 처리횟수가 3회${\sim}$5회 처리로 증가함에 따라 tebuconazole의 잔류량이 높게 나타났으며, 처리횟수가 동일한 조건에서는 최종 처리 후 경과일수가 길수록 잔류량이 적게 나타났다. 처리횟수 및 최종 처리 후 경과일수가 동일하더라도 최초 약제처리 시기에 따라 잔류량의 차이가 나타나 기상 조건 및 과실의 생육상태에 따른 잔류량 변동 가능성이 시사되었다. 과실 1개당 무게가 $2.5{\sim}7.5\;g$의 범위에서 과실 개체의 크기가 작을수록 높은 잔류량을 보였으며, 잔류성분의 대부분이 과피에 분포하였다. 괘대 과실의 과피에서 무괘대 과실의 과피에 비하여 매우 낮은 잔류량을 보였다. 과육 중의 잔류량은 괘대 포도에서는 검출한계 이하로, 무괘대 포도에는 0.05 mg/kg 수준으로 분포하였다. 세척 전의 잔류량이 0.86 mg/kg 수준인 포도 시료에서는 물에 1분간 침지하고 흐르는 물에 $1{\sim}2$회 세척 시에 잔류량의 약 $25{\sim}67%$가 제거되었으며, 침지처리 후 3회 세척한 시료에서는 검출한계 이하의 잔류량을 보였다. 세제용액에 침지하고 흐르는 물에 세척한 경우에는 물 침지에 비하여 높은 제거효과가 나타났으며, 세척 전 포도 중의 잔류량이 낮을수록 제거효과가 높게 나타났다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.36-36
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• 2018

Soybean is the important crop in Asian countries as protein source, oil production and animal feed. Improving soybean using genetic transformation is the principal tool in nowadays. Developing herbicide resistant transgenic soybean plants through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation has been worked in many previous studied. However, the transformation efficiency is still low. Many attempts try to find the optimum media condition for plant regeneration after infection. After transformation, the plant regeneration is very important condition to promote growth of transgenic plant. In this study, we optimized a regeneration condition for two Korean soybean cultivar, Dawonkong and Pungsannamulkong using cotyledon, cotyledonary nodes and hypocotyl as explant. The results showed that shoot regeneration of cotyledonary nodes on B5 medium containing 2 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine showed the highest percentage of regeneration in Dawonkong (75.8%) while Pungsannamulkong presented high number of shoots 2.12 shoots per explant. For transformation condition, co-cultivation in 7 days showed a high number of GUS positive expression. Most of explants can survived under media including 5 mg/L of glufocinate which refers phosphinotricin for 2-week selection. Washing with 400 mg/L of cefotaxime in several times and selection in plant regeneration media with 400 mg/L of cefotaxime can prevent bacteria growth, effectively.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.20-37
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the differentials in life styles and their effect on the epidermal facial tissue in order to provide a basis for health professionals so that they might better be able to maintain and promote healthy skin care and further delay the premature ageing of the epidermal facial tissue. The subjects consisted of 145 females of various ages who visited skin care room in cerming health promoting behaviors(Park In sook's Profile) and questions on their behavioral practices pertaining to personal skin care were used. The investigation also ess of the four parts of the epidermal facial tissue studied. All data collected wee entered into the SAS program and analyzed for frequency, percentages, the utilized Pusan. The study dates ranged from May 1, 1998 to May 30, 1998. The methods used for this investigation were a questionnaire survey consisting of general objective questions. The questions con a "skin analyzer" to measured levels of moisturizing hydrated, facial oils, and roughnmean, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson Correlation Coefficients. The results of this study were as follows ; 1. Epidermal facial oil was at its highest levels in the chin area with additional decreasing levels in the forehead and nose regions. The least regions were those of the cheeks. The highest levels of hydration on the other hand started with the forehead followed by the area of the chin, the cheeks and the lowest level of epidermal facial hydration was in the region of the nose. 2. The average score of the performance in the health promoting behaviors variable was 139.51. The variables with the highest degree of the performance were rest and sleeping(35.71). The lowest degree was hiegenic life(23.44). 3. The relationship health promoting behaviors and epidermal condition was not correlated with oil, hydration and roughness of the skin surface. 4. Skin care behavioral characteristics related to epidermal condition were washing style and temperature of washing water. 5. General characteristics related to epidermal condition were occupation, education level, acne and melasma. In conclusion, this study showed that several factors were significant in the behavior of skin care. Clear knowledge of both internal and external factors which affect the epidermal condition will help women to pursue active and appropriate practices in their health behaviors and skin care.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2010

The objective of this study is to investigate the characteristics of natural indigo dyeing of cotton fabric. Reduction and dyeing were carried out by one-step process using an infrared dyeing machine at the liquor ratio of 1:100, and subsequently oxidation and washing in water were followed. Dye uptake was increased with the increase of indigo concentration. Over the full range of dyeing tests, the dyeing condition was optimized to $40^{\circ}C$ for 40min. For most of dye concentrations, the cotton fabrics showed mainly PB color. Maximum K/S value was shown at 4g/L of sodium hydrosulfite concentration and the color strength increased with the increase of dye concentration. Value(lightness) decreased with the increase of dye uptake irrespective of mercerization or reduction method, while the mercerized cotton showed two times higher dye uptake than the untreated cotton. Whereas hue of the untreated cotton showed large decrease of P character(5.6~3.5 PB) with the increase of dye uptake, that of the mercerized cotton increased P character(4.7~5.5 PB). Irrespective of mercerization, value and chroma decreased with the increased of dye uptake. In addition, the untreated showed lower chroma than the mercerized cotton. In the case of traditional reduction, hue of the untreated cotton was changed very little with the increase of dye uptake. For hydrosulfite reduction, P character decreased with the increase of dye uptake. The difference of hue value was small with the change of reduction method(hydrosulfite reduction or traditional fermentation). Color character was not influenced by the changed maximum absorption wavelength. Washing fastness showed 4~4/5 shade change rating without any staining. And dry rubbing fastness was good at low color strength. The bacterial reduction ratios of dyed cotton fabric were also increased.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.140-149
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• 2016

All pesticides must be assessed strictly whether safe or not when agricultural operators are exposed to the pesticides in farmland. A pesticide is commonly regarded as safe when estimated dermal absorption amount is lower than the acceptable operator's exposure level (AOEL). In this study, dermal absorption rate of chlorpyrifos, a widely used organophosphate insecticide, was investigated using rat dermal tissue model. Chlorpyrifos wettable powder solved in water (250, 500 and 2,500 ppm) was applied to freshly excised rat dermal slices ($341{\sim}413{\mu}m$ thickness) on static Franz diffusion cells at $32^{\circ}C$ for 6 hours. After exposure period of 6 hours, and then washing-at residual amount of chlorpyrifos was analyzed in dermal tissues, tape strips, washing solution, washing swabs of receptor bottles and receptor fluids at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours. Chlorpyrifos was only detected in dermal tissue but not found in receptor fluid at each concentration and time point, and the absorption rate of 250, 500 and 2,500 ppm was 2.36%, 1.96% and 1.69%, respectively. The estimated exposure level of chlorpyrifos was calculated as 0.012 mg/kg bw/day. The health risk for farmers in this condition is a level of concern because the estimated exposure level is 12 times higher than AOEL 0.001 mg/kg bw/day. However, actual health risk will be alleviated than estimated because absorbed chlorpyrifos is not permeated into internal body system and only retained in skin layer.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.1237-1242
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• 2012

No matter how low it might be, noise from home appliances in indoor environment cause displeasure for residents as it is produced nearby. Electronic goods including vacuum cleaner and washing machine generate high frequency noise, which interrupts TV-watching or conversations and cause noises between floors in apartment houses. In particular, refrigerators make constant noise late at night, hampering the study for exams and causing sleeplessness. Korea, despite the government's efforts to promote low-noise goods based on the noise test by corporation, there is a lack of standardization in the test method, test condition and measuring equipments. This is a major reason that lowers the reliability of low-noise products. At present, low-noise home appliances are certified with eco labeling in the nation but, only 7 brands of refrigerators, 4 brands of washing machines and 97 brands of air-conditioners obtained certification as of august, 2011. In addition, none of Kimchi-refrigerator and vacuum cleaner brands were approved as low-noise home appliances. This shows Korea's relatively underdeveloped market for low-noise products, which, in part, is because of the difficulties companies face in being certified with eco labeling as they should satisfy various requirements such as power-saving and eco-friendly design besides low-noise features. As a result, low-noise labeling for home appliances should be established for the revised noise and vibration management law and the study was carried out to establish low-noise labeling system for major noise sources including vacuum cleaner, washing machine, air-conditioner and refrigerator.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.129-137
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• 2008

Purpose: To examine the effects on skin injury, pain, and anxiety when nurses and children simultaneous wash their hands before IV injections. Method: A nonequivalent control group, non-synchronized design study was used with 61 children. For a month and a half, children in the experimental group(30) following hand-washing guidelines, washed their hands with nurses before IV insertion. Anxiety and pain were observed and recorded during IV insertion using the Anxiety Reaction Scale and FACES pain scale. After 48-72 hours on IV therapy with an arm-board, skin condition was checked by a research assistant according to guidelines for assessing skin injury developed by the researcher. t-test, ${\chi}^2$-test, Pearson correlation, and Kendall's tau b were used to analyze data with the SPSS program. Results: Children who washed their hands with the nurse before IV insertion showed less pain (p =.021) and skin injury (p <.001) compared to the control group. Conclusion: This finding suggests that simultaneous hand washing by nurse and child before IV injection has a strong effect on skin injury caused by arm-boards used to maintain IV therapy as well as on pain during IV insertion. This program demonstrates an effective intervention to prevent skin injuries in children on IV therapy.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.397-400
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• 2015

N-[3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine (2NS)와 $N^1$-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)diethylenetriamine (3NS), 3-cyanopropyltriethoxysilane(1NCy)를 실리카 표면에 grafting한 후 미반응된 화합물을 제거하기 위한 세척방법과 표면처리 온도가 촉매특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. Filtering법을 이용하여 합성된 담지 촉매의 Zr 담지량이 washing법 보다 높게 측정되었으나 중합 활성은 washing법으로 합성된 담지 촉매가 filtering법으로 합성된 담지 촉매보다 높았다. 표면처리 방법과 관계없이 $SiO_2/2NS/(n-BuCp)_2ZrCl_2>SiO_2/1NCy/(n-BuCp)_2ZrCl_2>SiO_2/3NS/(n-BuCp)_2ZrCl_2$ 순의 중합활성을 보였다. 아미노실란의 실리카 표면처리 온도가 증가하면 에틸렌 중합활성도 증가하였다.

• 한국염색가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국염색가공학회 2008년도 제38차 학술발표대회
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• pp.105-107
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• 2008

Dyeing properties of the colorants extracted from pomegranate hull on hair were investigated to study its efficay of natural hair coloring dye. Effect of dyeing condition and mordanting on dye uptake, color change and colorfastness were explored. In addition, tensile strength retention is measured and the surface of the hair was observed by SEM. The water extracted pomegranate hull was concentrated and freeze-dried for preparing colorant powders. It was considered that ionic bonding was involved in the adsorption of pomegranate colorants to hair. Pomegranate hull colorants produced greyish brown colors on hair and the hair mordanted with Fe showed dark brown color. Mordant except Fe did not significantly increased dye uptake. Mordant except Cu increased light fastness, mordant except Cr increased washing fastness. SEM to observe the hair is damaged by ultraviolet light and cleaning. This is consistent with the results of tensile strength retention. From the results of colorfastness th washing and light, it was concluded that colorants from pomegranate hull can be need as a semi-permanent natural hair coloring dye.