• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2021

To develop policies regarding fertility and pregnancy that will be effective in preventing further declines in fertility rates in the context present-day Korea, current policies in Japan were analyzed and compared with those now being implemented in Korea. This study was structured to involve (a) comparison of maternal health projects in Korea and Japan, and (b) comparison of infertility support policies based in regional cities in Korea and Japan. Korea's Health Plan 2030 emphasizes strengthening healthcare for high-risk pregnant women, expanding investments to benefit vulnerable groups, and establishing a support system for infertile couples. In Japan, government programs involving treatment targeting infertility specifically were implemented nationwide in 2006. Wide dissemination of accurate knowledge related to pregnancy is emphasized. Also, counseling centers specializing in infertility were established by 67 local governments. We have confirmed that Korean policies include decentralization, while Japan is implementing the central government's infertility policy uniformly in all regions. Japan also adjusted its policy out of concern that problems related to infertility and childbirth will worsen due to the social disaster of COVID-19. The results indicate that providing additional support for psychological counseling may be preferable to increasing the number of in-vitro fertilization procedures. The physical burden on women may be minimized by benchmarking policies in Japan. Step-by-step application of these procedures should be systematically supported to achieve the best results.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.110-147
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• 2022

Many megacities are exposed to natural hazards such as earthquakes, and when located in coastal regions, are also vulnerable to hurricanes and tsunamis. The physical infrastructures of transportation systems in megacities have become so complicated that very few organizations can understand their response to extreme events such as earthquakes and can effectively mitigate subsequent economic downfalls. The technological advances made in recent years to support these complex systems have not grown as fast as the rapid demand on these systems burdened by population shift toward megacities. The objective of this paper is to examine the risks imposed on and recoveries of transportation systems in megacities as the result of extreme events such as an earthquake. First, the physical damage to transportation infrastructure, loss of the transportation system performance, and the corresponding economic loss from disruptions to passenger and freight traffic is evaluated. Then, traffic flows are re-routed to reduce vehicles' delay due to earthquakes using a microscopic traffic flow simulator with an optimization model and macroscopic terminal simulator. Finally, the economic impact of the earthquake is estimated nationwide. Southern California is regarded as the region of study. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the integrated model and provide what and how to prepare innovative resilience policies of urban infrastructure for a natural disaster occurrence.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2022

Background: There are regional variations in the incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which means that some regions are more exposed to the risk of COVID-19 than others. Therefore, this study aims to investigate regional variations in the incidence of COVID-19 in Korea and identify risk factors associated with the incidence of COVID-19 using community-level data. Methods: This study was conducted at the districts (si·gun·gu) level in Korea. Data of COVID-19 incidence by districts were collected from the official website of each province. Data was also obtained from the Korean Statistical Information Service and the Community Health Survey; socio-demographic factor, transmission pathway, healthcare resource, and factor in response to COVID-19. Community risk factors that drive the incidence of COVID-19 were selected using a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. Results: As of June 2021, the incidence of COVID-19 differed by more than 80 times between districts. Among the candidate factors, sex ratio, population aged 20-29, local financial independence, population density, diabetes prevalence, and failure to comply with the quarantine rules were significantly associated with COVID-19 incidence. Conclusion: This study suggests setting COVID-19 quarantine policy and allocating resources, considering the community risk factors. Protecting vulnerable groups should be a high priority for these policies.

• 대한융합한의학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.25-44
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• 2023

Objectives: Gaming disorder has been viewed as a disease in the DSM-5 and ICD-11. Its essential symptoms are loss of control over gaming, gaming becoming a markedly prioritized activity over other activities of daily living, and continued and excessive use of gaming despite negative problems occurring. Methods: Children and adolescents are especially vulnerable to gaming disorder because the striatal pathways related to reward develop earlier than the control regions of the prefrontal cortex. It is also associated with decreased dopamine D2 receptors. Addiction is related to 'want' and is explained by incentive-sensitization. In addition, allostasis, in which homeostasis is continuously achieved at a new target value, is also related to gaming disorder. In addition, personality causes, unchangeable factors, and external factors can influence on the onset of gaming disorder. Results: Prevention is the best solution for gaming disorder, and the role of parents is important. For gaming disorder, bupropion is used, cognitive-behavioral therapy and family-based therapy are also beneficial. Herbal medicine treatment such as Antler velvet and ginseng can be effective. Electroacupuncture and acupuncture using PC6, SP6, and LR3 has a correlation with relieving Internet craving. Ear-acupuncture was also effective in treating addiction. Conclusion: Psychologically, 'want' is an intense longing for reward and motivation, and is related to addiction. This 'want' may rather be related to avoidance, and game addiction in children and adolescents may be due to wanting to escape from academic stress or avoidance of comparison. Therefore, the importance of 'like', which gives pleasure in itself, increases. It can also be explained with Sasang Constitutional Medicine.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2023

As one of the most vulnerable countries to floods, there should be an increased necessity for accurate and reliable flood forecasting in Indonesia. Therefore, a new prediction model using a machine learning algorithm is proposed to provide daily flood prediction in Indonesia. Data crawling was conducted to obtain daily rainfall, streamflow, land cover, and flood data from 2008 to 2021. The model was built using a Random Forest (RF) algorithm for classification to predict future floods by inputting three days of rainfall rate, forest ratio, and stream flow. The accuracy, specificity, precision, recall, and F1-score on the test dataset using the RF algorithm are approximately 94.93%, 68.24%, 94.34%, 99.97%, and 97.08%, respectively. Moreover, the AUC (Area Under the Curve) of the ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristics) curve results in 71%. The objective of this research is providing a model that predicts flood events accurately in Indonesian regions 3 months prior the day of flood. As a trial, we used the month of June 2022 and the model predicted the flood events accurately. The result of prediction is then published to the website as a warning system as a form of flood mitigation.

• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.8-19
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• 2009

Scutellaria Radix, originated from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, is one of the most important medicine in traditional Oriental medicine, and possesses anti-bacterial activity and sedative effects, can be applied in the treatment of a range of conditions including diarrhea and hepatitis. It is reported that chronic global ischemia induces neuronal damage in selective, vulnerable regions of the brain, especially the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. In the present study, to investigate the effect of Scutellaria Radix extract on cerebral disease, the changes of regional cerebral blood flow and pial arterial diameter on ischemia/reperfusion state was determinated by Laser-Doppler Flowmetry and some parameters concerned with oxidative stress also measured. When SRe were administered for five days with the concentration of 100 mg/kg, GSH activity significantly increased. But SRe administeration showed no significant change in lipid peroxidation. When the activities of CAT, Cu, Zn-SOD and GSH were measured, CAT and GSH were activated by SRe administration. When 1 and 3 ㎍/㎖ SRe was applied to the neuronal cell cultures, the quantities of LDH was significantly reduced when compared with cultures treated only with NMDA. Through this study, it can be concluded that the ischemia/reperfusion induced brain stress may have contributed to cerebral damage in rats, and the present study provides clear evidence for the beneficial effect of SRe on ischemia induced brain injury.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.29-29
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• 2022

The fast-changing climatic conditions make plants to be vulnerable to many abiotic stresses. Drought stress is one of the limiting factors that affect pepper production in water deficient regions. It affects plant growth and development by altering physiological, morphological, and metabolic processes. Breeding drought tolerant varieties is one of the mitigation strategies to overcome the ever increasing drought disaster. Hence, screening of new drought tolerant pepper genotypes is essential. The current study was aimed to identify new drought tolerant genotypes among the collection of pepper genetic resources. In total, 70 pepper genotypes were screened for drought tolerance after exposure to drought stress condition. The pepper genotypes were classified as highly tolerant, intermediate, or severely sensitive to drought stress based on the phenotypic analysis. Consequently, 13 genotypes significantly exhibited higher recovery rate after drought stress and were classified as highly tolerant. Comparative analysis of morphological and physiological parameters and expression of drought responsive genes between tolerant and susceptible pepper genotypes will be presented and discussed. The identified tolerant genotypes will be useful resources for breeding drought tolerant pepper cultivars.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.245-255
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• 2024

The problem of carbonation-induced corrosion has become a concern in recent times, especially in the 21^st century, due to the increase in global temperatures and carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentration in the atmosphere possessing a significant threat to the durability of reinforced concrete (RC) structures worldwide, especially in inland tropical regions where carbonation is the most significant concrete degradation mechanism. Therefore, a study was conducted to predict the impact of global warming on the carbonation of RC structures in Lusaka, Zambia, and Tokyo, Japan. The Impact was estimated based on a carbonation meta-model that applies the analytic solution of Fick's 1st law using literature-based concrete mix design data and forecasted local temperature and CO₂ concentration data over a 100-year period with relative humidity assumed constant. The results showed that CO₂ diffusion increased between 17-31%, effecting a 40-45% rise in carbonation coefficient and a significant reduction in corrosion initiation time of 50-52% in the two cities. Moreover, for the same water-cement ratio, Lusaka showed almost twice higher carbonation coefficient values and one third shorter corrosion initiation time compared to Tokyo, mainly due to its higher temperature and low relative humidity. Additionally, the carbonation propagation depth at the end of 100 years was between 12-22 mm in Tokyo and 18-40 mm in Lusaka. These findings indicate that RC structures in these cities are at risk of rapid deterioration, especially in Lusaka, where they are more vulnerable.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.575-582
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• 2016

Seoul city has high population density as well as high traffic congestion, which are vulnerable to exposure of environmental pollutions caused by car traffic. However, recent studies are only on local regions about road traffic and air pollution or health effect of road traffic on residents. Thus, comprehensive study data are needed in terms of overall Seoul regions. In this study utilized the nitrogen dioxide concentration through the national air pollution monitoring network data, 2012 to 2013. It also divided regions into high and low exposure districts via the Origin destination data developed by the Korea transport institute to quantify and evaluate the effect of transport policies and analyzed a correlation of asthma symptoms with high and low exposure districts through raw data of community health survey from the Korea centers for disease control and prevention. Based on the collected data, the pearson's correlation analysis was conducted between air pollution substance concentration and high exposure district and multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the effect of traffic environment and factors on asthma symptoms of residents. Accordingly, the following results were derived. First, the high exposure district was higher concentrations of nitrogen dioxide ($NO_2$) as per time compared to those of the low exposure district (p<0.01). Second, analysis on correlation between average daily environmental concentration in the air pollution monitoring network and road traffic showed that nitrogen dioxide had a significant positive correlation (p<0.01) with car traffic and total traffic as well as with truck traffic (p<0.05) statistically. Third, an adjusted odds ratio about asthma doctor's diagnosis in the high and low exposure districts was analyzed through the logistic regression analysis. With regard to an adjusted model 2 (adjusted gender, age, health behavior characteristics, and demographic characteristics) odds ratio of asthma doctor's diagnosis in the high exposure district was 1.624 (95% CI: 1.269~2.077) compared to that of the low exposure district, which was significant statistically (p<0.001).

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제99권6호
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• pp.908-913
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• 2010

본 연구는 한국 중부지방의 소나무와 참나무류의 생장에 기후와 지형인자가 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 입목의 반경생장량과 기상 인자간의 관계를 규명하기 위해 수목의 목편을 채취하고 연년반경생장량을 측정하였다. 본 연구에서는 연년반경생장량이 기본적으로 수령에 영향을 받는다고 가정하여 수령을 독립변수로 하는 생장량을 추정하고 이를 기반으로 수령 30년 일때의 생장량을 표준생장량으로 정의하여 추정하였다. 표준생장량의 공간분석을 통해 소나무 생장의 공간적인 변이성을 발견하였으며, Generalized Additive Model(GAM) 통해 지형 및 기상인자와 표준 생장량간의 관계를 밝힐 수 있었다. 기온상승은 소나무 생장에는 부(-)의 영향을 참나무에는 양(+)의 영향을 주며, 강수량 증가는 두 수종 모두에게 부(-)의 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 표준생장량과 지형 및 기상 인자간의 관계식을 GIS기반 임상도의 소나무와 참나무류 공간분포에 적용하여 기온상승에 대한 소나무와 참나무류의 공간분포변화를 예측하였다. 이를 통해 우리나라의 소나무는 참나무류에 비해 기후변화에 취약하며, 60년 이후에는 동해안 및 남부지역을 중심으로 대부분의 소나무림이 참나무류림으로 대체될 것으로 예측되었다.