• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.30-43
• /
• 1998

The purposes of this study were to examine the effect of two different pelvic alignments and the Valsalva maneuver on electromyographic (EMG) activity of the erector spinae during squat lifting and lowering, and to find an efficient method for squat lifting and lowering. Twenty hea1thy men in their twenties lifted and lowered loads using four different methods: 1) anterior pelvic tilt position with the Valsalva maneuver, 2) anterior pelvic tilt position without the Valsalva maneuver, 3) posterior pelvic tilt with the Valsalva maneuver, 4) posterior pelvic tilt without the Valsalva maneuver. The EMG activity of erector spinae was recorded during both lifting and lowering with each method. The EMG activity of each individual was normalized to EMG activity produced by muscle during maximal voluntary contraction. Two-way analysis of variance for repeated measures ($2{\times}2$) was used to analyze the effect of the two factors: 1) pelvic tilt position (anterior pelvic tilt, posterior pelvic tilt), 2) the Valsalva maneuver (with and without). Analysis was performed separately for the lifting and lowering. The results were as follows: 1) EMG activity of erector spinae was greater when the pelvis was tilted anteriorly than when the pelvis was tilted posteriorly during squat lifting and squat lowering. 2) There was no difference between EMG activity of erector spinae with the Valsalva maneuver and EMG activity of erector spinae without the Valsalva maneuver during squat lifting and squat lowering. These results suggest that the greater EMG activity of erector spinae with an anterior pelvic tilt position during squat lifting and squat lowering may ensure optimal muscular support for the spine while handling loads, but the Valsalva maneuver may have less effect on erector spinae.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2017

Objective: There are many types of exercises with upper and lower-limb action for activation of abdominal muscles for trunk stabilization. A comparison of the different exercise methods been very useful to enhance the result from the exercise for treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate through surface electromyography (EMG) the changes in abdominal muscle activity during the performance of three different dead-bug exercise methods performed at three different speeds. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The subjects were 30 healthy adults (13 males and 17 females). We instructed the subjects to perform three different dead-bug exercises. We also applied three different speeds to the dead-bug exercises; 60 bpm, 90 bpm, and 120 bpm with use of a metronome. The assessment of EMG was percentage of maximal voluntary isometric contraction on the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), and internal oblique (IO). Results: EMG activation of the RA, EO and IO muscles was significantly greater at the higher speed (p<0.05). There was a significant increase in abdominal muscle activity during the dead-bug exercise performed with both the upper and lower extremities compared to that with only the upper extremity or the lower extremities (p<0.05). Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that the performance of the dead-bug exercise with both the upper and lower extremities combined at a high speed is more effective compared to other exercises. Therefore, it is suggested that more favourable and effective outcomes may occur when the type and speed of the exercise is chosen appropriately.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
• /
• v.14 no.8
• /
• pp.295-303
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study was to find out whether the cognitive function, depression, and health promotion lifestyle changes are maintained or improved through the dementia prevention program when applying the dementia prevention program along with the daily life management program to the elderly with mild cognitive impairment. The study was conducted from April 1 to August 9, 2019, and 30 elderly people with mild cognitive impairment who participated in the dementia prevention program at the Dementia Safty Center in Seoul were studied. The study found that cognitive function (MMSE-DS) and health promotion lifestyle (HPLP-II) were maintained and improved compared to control groups in the experimental group that voluntarily implemented daily life management programs along with dementia prevention programs, and that depression (SF-GDS) decreased. Therefore, based on the results of this study, in future studies, we hope to develop a variety of voluntary daily life management programs to maintain and improve the effectiveness of the dementia prevention program for a long period of time. I hope that the prospective study will be done.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.36-43
• /
• 1995

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the vastus medialis oblique muscle(VMO) had greater electrical activity than the vastus lateralis muscle(VL) when hip adduction and knee extension exercise were performed. Electrical activity of the VMO and VL was measured on 42 healthy subjects (28 men, 14 women) during maximal voluntary isometric contractions of hip adduction and knee extension by an EMG-BIOFEEDBACK. The results showed that the electromyographic activity of the VMO was significantly greater than that of the VL during the hip adduction exercise. Differences noted with knee extension by performing hip adduction exercises. Isometric hip adduction exercises, therefore, may be advisable in the treatment of patients with patellofemoral pain.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.40-46
• /
• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect on multifidus and external oblique abdominis muscle activation during hip contraction of three types (concentric, isometric, eccentric) in standing position. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Twenty healthy adult men volunteered to participate in this study. Muscle activation was recorded from gluteus maximus, both multifidus, and both external oblique abdominis by surface electromyography (EMG) while holding position in the type of gluteus maximus contraction. EMG values were normalized by maximum muscle contractions (% maximum voluntary isometric contraction). All subjects performed hip extension with three contraction methods. The type of gluteus maximus contraction using Thera-band was composed of concentric contraction (type 1), isometric contraction (type 2), and eccentric contraction (type 3). To measure muscle activation on the gluteus maximus contraction type, each position were maintained for 5 seconds with data collection taken place during middle three seconds. Muscle activation was measured in each position three times. Results: For the results of this study, there was no significant difference within three contraction patterns of the gluteus maximus (concentric, isometric, and eccentric) each both multifidus, both external oblique abdominis, and gluteus maximus. And there was no significant difference among both multifidus, both external oblique abdominis, and gluteus maximus each hip extension contraction type. Conclusions: These findings suggest that specific contraction types of the gluteus maximus does not lead to a more effective activation of the multifidus, external oblique abdominis, and gluteus maximus.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.95-98
• /
• 2015

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to devise a method of preventing water infiltration into the surface electrodes during EMG measurements underwater and on the ground and to check the reliability of Electromyography (EMG) measurements when underwater. METHODS: Six healthy adults were selected as subjects in this study. The measurements in this study were conducted in pool dedicated to underwater exercise and physical therapy room in the hospital building. An MP150 (Biopac Systems, US, 2010) and a BioNomadix 2-channel wireless EMG transmitter (Biopac Systems, US, 2012) was used to examine the muscle activity of rectus femoris, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius of dominant side. The subjects repeated circulation tasks on the ground for more than 10 min for enough surface electrode attachment movement. After a 15-min break, subjects performed the circulation task underwater(water depth 1.1m, water temperature $33.5^{\circ}C$, air temperature $27^{\circ}C$), as on the ground, for more than 10 min, and the MVIC of each muscle was measured again. SPSS v20.0 was used for all statistical computations. RESULTS: The maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) values between the underwater and on the ground measurements showed no significant differences in all four muscles and showed a high intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of >0.80. CONCLUSION: We determined that EMG measurements obtained underwater could be used with high reliability, comparable to ground measurements.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.725-729
• /
• 2014

Background: Having been known as a virulent disease in 1970s, cancer is now onsidered a chronic disease and 64% of cancer patients live for five years after diagnosis. Home care has gradually gained more importance and it is a great burden on the shoulders of caregivers. Caregivers have to undertake the responsibility of the cancer patient's home management, and organize care and arrange health care services according to the ever-changing condition of patients. Caregivers should be prepared for home care so they can provide accurate and complete care to patients. This descriptive study aims to investigate challenges that caregivers encounter in the home care of patients and the reasons for these challenges. Materials and Methods: The research group consisted of caregivers of outpatients in a daily treatment center in a university hospital. The research sampling consisted of 137 voluntary caregivers of patients who attended the Daily Treatment Center for control, chemotherapy or other supportive cares services between January-June, 2011. Data were collected with face-to-face interviews in the Daily Treatment Center. Ethics Committee approval was taken university hospital; caregivers and their patients were informed about the research and their approval was taken as well. Results: It was found that 54.01% of caregivers help patient's nutrition, 50.36% help medicine use, 26.28% help oral hygiene, 26.28% help to meet urinary needs and 51.82% help to change clothes, 69.34% of caregivers help to change bed sheets, 38.69% help the patient to communicate with their environment and 71.53% help to bring the patient to hospital or outside. Conclusions: This study, it was found that caregivers experience challenges due to following factors: patient nutrition, medicine use, oral and body hygiene, colostomy maintenance and stomach tube feeding, concern of dropping the patient, feeling incompetency in body temperature and fever control, fatigue, and lack of personal time.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.11 no.3 s.28
• /
• pp.19-27
• /
• 2005

Rural Korea has been becoming heavily aged societies from the end of 20th century due to the massive depopulation of young generation and extension of the average span of human beings. Although rural communities in Korea had been traditionally based on closely webbed social relations, almost all of community self-help organizations disappeared in recent time with very strong urbanization trend. However, almost all rural villages in Korea have the village seniors' union -'NO-IN-HOE' in Korean speaking- of which members usually use, operate and maintain community facilities in terms of voluntary base. Using these facilities, most of public/common/private services and community activities have been being served or provided. So, the purpose of this study is to investigate the usage tendency of community facilities and needs of the rural elderly and to propose the improvement strategies for their optimum usage. For this purpose, data was gathered both from community (107 villages) and individual level surveys(881 older people). The statistical method used for data analysis was descriptive statistics. The major findings were as follows : It was found that the dominant family type of the rural elderly was elderly-only household (75%) with very limited economic capability. There are 2$\sim$3 common community facilities with village including the seniors' center -'KYOUNG-RO-DANG' in Korean speaking. Many of the elderly (74%) use the center once or twice per week. There are several rooms in the center, like as kitchen bathroom and health room, of which usage frequency differs respectively. Many rural elderly want assistance from out-of-village for good maintenance and free use of these facilities.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.80-85
• /
• 1977

The Korean family planning program began in 1962, originating both in a concern for family well-being and in a concern over a high population growth rate which was cancelling advances in economic capacity. The new program was frank and vigorous in its advocacy of birth control. In recent years, voluntary sterilization as a family planning method has many attributes that cause users of contraceptives to regard it as an ideal method in Korea. A point of these view, author performed a follow-up study on effects of vasectomy and tubal ligation on sociomedical aspects of total 136 men sterilized and 96 women sterilized in Sunsan Gun, Kyungpook Province as of July, 1977. The results were summerized as follows: An average age of vasectomized men was 37.0 and that of tubal ligated women, 34.9. The average duration of marital life was 13.9 years in men sterilized and 14.6 years in women sterilized. An average number of living children at the time of sterilization was 3.6 in men sterilized and that of living children, 3.7 in women sterilized. The most predominant reason for the sterilization was birth control in both (91% in men, 52% in women) and the most common motivating socilitator was family planning field workers (71% in men, 48% in women). About 51 percent of men sterilized and 50 percent of women sterilized were used contraceptive methods before the operation. Experience of induced abortion is reported in 65 percent of wives of men sterilized and 64 percent of women sterilized. In sexual feeling after sterilization, respondents shelved increasing coital frequency 21 percent in men sterilized and 10 percent in women sterilized. Sixty-five percent in men sterilized and 64 percent in women sterilized would recommend the operation to others.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.237-257
• /
• 2005

It was to study as a following-research of "A Case Study on Center of Gravity(COG) Analysis when Performing Uchimata(inner thigh reaping throw) by Posture and Voluntary Resistance Levels(VRL) of Uke in Judo[I]". The purpose of this study was to analyze the COG variables when performing uchimata(inner thigh reaping throw) by two postures and voluntary resistance levels(VRL) of uke(reciver) in Judo. The subjects, who were one male judoka(YH) for 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games Olympian(silver medalist), and one male trainee; Y.I.University representative member (SDK), and were filmed on two S-VHS 16mm video cameras(60fields/sec.) through 3-dimensional motion analysis methods, that postures of uke were shizenhontai (straight natural posture) and jigohontai(straight defensive posture), VRL of uke were 0% and 100%, respectively. The kinematical variable was COG variable, distance of COG, and distance of resultant COG between uke and tori(the thrower), velocity and acceleration of COG. The data of this study collection were digitized by SIMI Motion Program computed the mean values and the standard deviation calculated for each variables. When performing uchinmata according to each posture and VRL of uke and classifying. From the data analysis and discussion, the conclusions were as follows : 1. Displacement of COG Subject YH, COG was the highest in kuzushi(balance -breaking), vertical COG was low when following in tsukuri(positioning; set-up), kake(application; execution), and COG was pattern of same character each postures and resistance, respectively. Subject SDK, COG was low from kumikata(engagement positioning) to kake, and COG was that each postures and resistance were same patterns, respectively. Subject YH, SDK, each individual, postures and resistance, vertical COG was the lowest in kake phase, when performing. 2. Distance of COG between uke and tori The distance of COG between uke and tori when performing, subject YH was $0.64{\sim}0.70cm$ in kumikata, $0.19{\sim}0.28cm$ in kake, and SDK was $0.68{\sim}0.72cm$ in kumikata, $0.30{\sim}0.42\;cm$ in kake. SDK was wider than YH. 3. Distance of resultant COG between uke and tori The distance of resultant COG between uke and tori when performing, subject YH was $0.27{\sim}0.73cm$ from kumikata to kake. and SDK was $0.14{\sim}0.34cm$ in kumikata, $0.28{\sim}0.65cm$ in kake. Jigohontai(YH:$0.43{\sim}0.73cm$,SDK:$0.59{\sim}0.65cm$) was more moved than shizenhontai(YH:$0.27{\sim}0.53cm$, SDK: $0.28{\sim}\;0.34cm$). 4. Velocity of COG The velocity of COG when performing uchimata, subject YH was fast anterior-posterior direction in kuzushi, ant.-post. and vertical direction fast in tsukuri and kake. SDK was lateral, ant.-post. and vertical direction in kuzushi, ant.-post. and vertical direction in tsukuri and ant.-post. direction in take, respectively. 5. Acceleration of COG The acceleration of COG when performing uchimata, The trend of subject YH was showed fast vertical direction in kuzushi and tsukuri, ant.-post. and vertical direction fast in kake. The trends of SDK showed lateral direction in kuzushi, lateral and ant.-post. direction in tsukuri and ant.-post. direction in kake, respectively.