• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.169-176
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• 1990

Effects of metal chelating agents and metal ions on the volatile substance of cooked oil with chicken and pork mixture meat were examined by chemical analysis and sensory test. The addition of Na-tripolyphosphate(Na-TPP) to chicken and pork mixture meat increased the amount of H2S among volatiles evolved during cooking but decreased that of volatile carbonyl compounds(VCC) This treatment enhanced meat flavor in cooked oil with chicken and pork mixture. It was recognized that the increase in Ha5 evolution was caused by the rise of pH value. On the contrary cupric ion produced a negative effect on the production of chicken and pork mixture meat flavor and this addition increased VCC and TBA value. Other metal chelating agents such as citric acid, phytic acid and EDTA, provided the same results as Na-TPP. It was supposed that these phenomena were attributable to the chelating action to metal prooxidant in mixture meat at could be concluded that a proper evolution of H2S and protection against lipid oxidation during cooking were important to produce an excellent chicken and pork mixture meat flavor.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.257-265
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• 2020

This study investigated the volatile flavor composition of essential oils from Solidago virga-aurea var. asiatica Nakai with different harvesting area. The essential oils obtained by the hydrodistillation extraction method from the aerial parts of the plants were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Ninety-five (91.61%) volatile flavor compounds were identified in the essential oils from the S. virga-aurea var. asiatica Nakai harvested in Koheung, Jeolanamdo. The major compounds were hexadecanoic acid (29.22%), 7-hexyl eicosane (9.12%), spathulenol (7.701%), 3,8-dimethyl decane (6.48%), caryophyllene oxide (4.52%) and α-copaene (4.23%). Fifty-seven (97.43%) volatile flavor compounds were identified in the essential oils from the S. virga-aurea var. asiatica Nakai harvested in Seoguipo, Jejudo. The major compounds were 2-carene (40.95%), α-copaene (10.77%), α-muurolene (5.81%), and spathulenol (3.11%). The chemical composition of the essential oils was significantly different in quality and quantity with the different harvesting area. The quantitative variations of hexadecanoic acid, 7-hexyl eicosane, spathulenol, 3,8-dimethyl decane, caryophyllene oxide, 2-carene, and α-copaene according to different harvesting area can serve as a quality index of the S. virga-aurea var. asiatica Nakai essential oils in food industries.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.224-232
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• 2021

This study investigated the volatile flavor composition of essential oils extracted from Synurus deltoides (Arr.) Nakai. The essential oils extracted from the aerial parts of plants by the hydrodistillation extraction method were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry. Ninety-six (98.76%) volatile flavor compounds were identified in the essential oil extracted from fresh leaves of S. deltoides (Arr.) Nakai. The major compounds were 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (19.91%) and phytol (12.38%). Ninety-seven (97.81%) volatile flavor compounds were identified in the essential oil extracted from shade-dried leaves of S. deltoides (Arr.) Nakai. The major compounds were phytol (51.71%), di(6-methylhept-2-yl) phthalate (7.66%), and 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (4.23%). Quantitative variations of 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, phytol and di(6-methylhept-2-yl) phthalate according to different state of S. deltoides (Arr.) Nakai can serve as a quality index of essential oils used in the food industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.953-957
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• 2002

Volatile compounds from shrimp whole body (SWB) and shrimp shell waste (SSW) were isolated, and identified by the combination of SDE (simultaneous steam distillation and solvent extraction), GC (gas chromatography, HP-5890 plus)and MSD (mass selective detecter) or olfactometry. The peak numbers isolated from SWB and SSW were 20 and 46, respectively. The amounts of the volatile compounds isolated from SSW were higher than those of SWB. SWB produced more low-boiling compounds below 7$0^{\circ}C$ and SSW did more high boiling compounds over 10$0^{\circ}C$. The volatile compounds identified from SSW were 9 pyrazines,5 acids,4 aldehydes, and 4 alcohols. These volatile compounds were evaluated by aroma extraction dilution analysis and gas chromatography olfactometry (GCO). Some compounds which were not detected by GC-FID and GC-MSD were found to be a strong shrimp flavor of log$_3$ FD 3 value by GCO. Strong shrimp odors were detected in low temperature while nutty aromatic odors and unpleasant oily smells were found in high temperature.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.296-303
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• 2015

We investigate black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) wine made using traditional yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae A8, B6, GBY2, GBY3) and S. cerevisiae Fermivin (FM), which is widely used in wine manufacturing, and analyze the biogenic amine content and the volatile flavor compounds. Black raspberries were separately inoculated with yeast up to $1{\times}10^9CFU/kg$, followed by incubation at $25^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. FM produced the highest alcohol content, however the final fermentation characteristics of the wine made using four different yeasts were similar. S. cerevisiae A8 had a large biogenic amine (BA) content, specifically tryptamine, thus we excluded this yeast from fermentation. S. cerevisiae GBY3 was selected for black raspberry wine fermentation as a result of sensory evaluation. The volatile flavor compounds of two wines (S. cerevisiae GBY3 and FM) were analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. 37 compounds in the samples were separated, and several ester compounds were identified in greater amounts in the wine made with S. cerevisiae GBY3 than in the wine made with FM. A greater amount of the major compound, ethyl benzoate, giving the sweet and fruity flavor, was identified in wine made with S. cerevisiae GBY3 than in the wine made with FM. In conclusion, S. cerevisiae GBY3 was confirmed to produce no major BAs and a better flavored wine. These results give new leads in the production of high quality wine.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.738-741
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• 2006

Volatile flavor compounds in commercial sterilized milk were analyzed and identified by static headspace, purge-and-trap, and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) methods. About 20 volatile compounds were identified by GC/MS, and aldehydes and ketones were the most distinctive and abundant compounds. Static headspace analysis allowed the identification of only the most abundant compounds, such as acetone. Five ketones (acetone, 2-butanone, 2-pentanone, 2-heptanone, 2-nonanone), four aldehydes (2-methylbutanal, pentanal, hexanal, benzaldehyde) and dimethyl sulfide, all of which were responsible for off-flavor in milk, were found by the purge-and-trap and SPME methods. The two methods differed little in their release of these compounds, but they yielded different amounts in the extraction.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.527-540
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• 2020

Donkey in China is well known for its draft purpose and transportation; however, donkey meat has attracted more and more consumers in recent years, yet it lacks sufficient information on its flavor components compared to other main meats. Therefore, in this study, volatile flavor compounds in neck meat of donkey, swine, bovine, and sheep were classified by electronic nose, then confirmed and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography were used to quantify free fatty acid, amino acid, and flavor nucleotide. A total of 73 volatile compounds were identified, and aldehydes were identified as the characteristic flavor compounds in neck meat of donkey, bovine, swine and sheep in proportion of 76.39%, 46.62%, 31.64%, and 35.83%, respectively. Particularly, hexanal was the most abundant volatile flavor. Compared with other neck meat, much higher unsaturated free fatty acids were present in donkeys. Furthermore, neck meat of donkeys showed essential amino acid with highest content. Thus, special flavor and nutrition in donkey neck meat make it probably a candidate for consumers in other regions besides Asia.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.163-171
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the flavor characteristics of Gondre (Cirsium setidens Nakai) essential oil. The essential oil was isolated from the aerial parts of the plant by the hydrodistillation extraction method and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectroscopy (MS). Seventy-eight (90.28%) volatile flavor components were identified in the essential oil from Gondre harvested in May. The major compounds were hexadecanoic acid (44.84%), phytol (15.57%), 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (5.62%), and tertadecanoic acid (4.77%). Seventy (90.72%) volatile flavor components were identified in the essential oil from Gondre harvested in September. The major compounds were phytol (24.18%), 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (15.59%), tetracosane (8.87%), 2-methyl eicosane (3.55%), 6,10,14-trimethyl-5,9,13-pentadecatrien-2-one (3.12%), dibuthyl phthalate (2.35%), and viridiflorol (2.33%). The flavor components of the essential oil from Gondre harvested in May and September were characterized by higher proportions of aliphatic fatty acids and terpene compounds, respectively.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.147-152
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of packaging on the aroma stability of curry powder during storage. The Volatile flavor compounds from curry powders packed with laminated film or vinyl were analyzed by the solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry during in storage at $25^{\circ}C$ for 13 weeks. Forty-eight compounds, comprising 36 terpenes, 5 alcohols, 4 benzenes, 2 carbonyl compounds, and 1 ester, were identified from the curry powders. The main volatile compounds were cuminaldehyde, anethole, and eugenol. The Volatile compounds of curry powder packed with laminated film were maintained unchanged during in the storage, whereas those packed in vinyl were decreased during the storage. The amounts of p-cymene, cuminaldehyde, anethole, and (E)-caryophyllene from curry powder packed with laminated film were maintained during storage, while those packed with vinyl decreased gradually. The aroma stability of eugenol was unaffected by packaging. The results indicates that curry powder is best packaged in with laminated film to maintain the aroma stability during storage.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.366-372
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• 2000

Volatile flavor components in three grape(Vitis vinifera L.) varieties were extracted by SDE(Simultaneous steam distillation and extraction) method using the mixture of n-pentane and diethylether(1:1, v/v) as an extract solvent. Grapes of the following varieties were studies : Blackolympia, Campbell and Delaware. The volatile extracts were analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS. The totals of 77, 72 and 74 volatile flavor components were identified in Blackolympia, Campbell and Delaware, respectively. (E)-2-Hexenal(20.36%), diethylacetal(18.03%), hexanal and ethyl acetate were contained as the main compounds of Blackolympia. In Campbell, ethyl acetate(30.81%) was relatively more abundant than other compounds and among functional groups, C$\_$6/ aldehydes and alcohols were major constituents of the extract. On the other hand, in Delaware, alcohols was the major constituent group and (E)-2-hexenal(21.07%) and (E)-2-hexena1-ol(19.43%) were the main compounds. All of three grape varieties contained a large amount of hexanal, (E)-2-hexenal, hexanol, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol, thus C$\_$6/-compounds proved to be major volatile components of grape and small amount of terpenols were only detected from Delaware.