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Trends and Control Technologies of Volatile Organic Compound (국내의 휘발성유기화합물(VOC) 현황 및 관리기술)

  • Kim, Jo-Chun
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.743-757
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    • 2006
  • Volatile organic compound (VOC) has been well-known to Korea since the end of 1990's however, it has not been well documented until now. In this study, present ambient VOC levels, VOC emission sources, and VOC control technologies were reviewed and discussed. In addition, VOC management strategies to cut down ozone concentrations were suggested based on the present VOC database. For anthropogenic VOC reduction, VOC emitted from painting processes and automobiles should be controlled in the first place in large cities such as Seoul, Daegu, and Incheon. For natural VOC management, low emission trees need to be planted in those cities. It is also very significant to keep updating present and future VOC emission inventories for efficient VOC control strategies. As a conclusion, more systematic VOC control road-map based on BACT (best available control technology) needs to be made up. and more economical and efficient VOC control techniques have to be developed under strong national support in order to lower toxic VOC and photochemical oxidant levels.

Development of Simple Test Method using VOC Analyzer to Measure Volatile Organic Compounds Emission for Particleboards (VOC Analyzer를 이용한 파티클보드로부터 방산되는 휘발성유기화합물의 간이 측정방법 개발)

  • An, Jae-Yoon;Kim, Sumin;Kim, Jin-A;Kim, Hyun-Joong;Mun, Suck-Joong
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.22-30
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    • 2006
  • The volatile organic compound (VOC) Analyzer is a portable device to measure the four main aromatic hydrocarbon gases: toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene and styrene. With the VOC Analyzer, a semiconductor gas sensor eliminates the need for the carrier gas which is required for conventional gas chromatographs. In addition, since the semiconductor gas sensor is supersensitive to gas components, it is not necessary to use a conventional gas concentrator or other complicated equipment. Compared with other measurement methods, the VOC analyzer is useful for measuring toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene and styrene in wood-based panel because of its ease in obtaining field results and repeating the test. The VOC Analyzer primarily measures four VOC in the air. In this study, we designed a test method of VOC measurement for particle board. A specimen was sealed in 3L polyester bag, after 96hours we could measure maximum VOC emission level that is a stabilized VOC Value. For easy, fast and economic testing of TVOC emission from wood-based panel, we developed the test method with the VOC Analyzer. The VOC Analyzer is expected to gain widespread use in the manufacturing field where a quick and easy test for VOC emission from wood-based panel is required. Furthermore, the VOC Analyzer promises to become an easier, faster and more economic technique than the currently used standard methods.

A Integrated VOC Management Schema in Large-Scale Manufacturing Companies: A Case Study on Implementation for Construction Equipment Division in 'H' Heavy Industry (대규모 제조업에서의 통합 VOC 관리 방안 및 시스템 구축: 'H' 중공업 건설장비 부문 적용 사례)

  • Jang, Gil-Sang
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.14 no.8
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    • pp.127-136
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    • 2009
  • Voice of the customer(VOC) is a term used in business and information technology(IT) to describe the process of capturing a customer's requirements in enterprises or various organizations. Recently, in order to satisfy customer's needs, enterprises try to utilize VOC at recurrence prevention of problems and their improvement activities, planning and development of product/service by processing, storing, and analyzing VOC. Until now, VOC management systems are introduced around service industries such as hotel business and insurance/financial business, etc. This paper proposes an integrated management scheme of VOC which are captured by various communication channels and describes a case of implementing an integrated VOC management system on the basis of the proposed scheme for the large-scale manufacturing company. By the implemented system, VOC are stored and utilized as the important knowledge assets of enterprises.

A Study on Utilization of Voice of the Customers(VOC) for Improvement in Information Services (정보서비스 개선을 위한 고객의 소리(VOC) 활용방안에 대한 연구)

  • Lee, Seon-Hee;Hwang, Hyekyong;Kim, Ji-Young
    • Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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    • v.46 no.1
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    • pp.25-42
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    • 2015
  • The purpose of this study is to provide users with satisfactory information services that are utilizing Voice of the Customers(VOC). Voice of the Customers(VOC) toward organizations that provide information services is important information for decision-making to improve customer satisfaction and information services. K institute manages customer requests and feedbacks for NDSL(National Digital Science Library) using the Voice of the Customer Management System(VCMS). In this study, we analyzed the total number of 1,738 VOCs and suggested improvement strategies for information services. The results can be utilized as basic information by libraries and information centers that provide information services through analysis of VOC.

Intelligent VOC Analyzing System Using Opinion Mining (오피니언 마이닝을 이용한 지능형 VOC 분석시스템)

  • Kim, Yoosin;Jeong, Seung Ryul
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.113-125
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    • 2013
  • Every company wants to know customer's requirement and makes an effort to meet them. Cause that, communication between customer and company became core competition of business and that important is increasing continuously. There are several strategies to find customer's needs, but VOC (Voice of customer) is one of most powerful communication tools and VOC gathering by several channels as telephone, post, e-mail, website and so on is so meaningful. So, almost company is gathering VOC and operating VOC system. VOC is important not only to business organization but also public organization such as government, education institute, and medical center that should drive up public service quality and customer satisfaction. Accordingly, they make a VOC gathering and analyzing System and then use for making a new product and service, and upgrade. In recent years, innovations in internet and ICT have made diverse channels such as SNS, mobile, website and call-center to collect VOC data. Although a lot of VOC data is collected through diverse channel, the proper utilization is still difficult. It is because the VOC data is made of very emotional contents by voice or text of informal style and the volume of the VOC data are so big. These unstructured big data make a difficult to store and analyze for use by human. So that, the organization need to automatic collecting, storing, classifying and analyzing system for unstructured big VOC data. This study propose an intelligent VOC analyzing system based on opinion mining to classify the unstructured VOC data automatically and determine the polarity as well as the type of VOC. And then, the basis of the VOC opinion analyzing system, called domain-oriented sentiment dictionary is created and corresponding stages are presented in detail. The experiment is conducted with 4,300 VOC data collected from a medical website to measure the effectiveness of the proposed system and utilized them to develop the sensitive data dictionary by determining the special sentiment vocabulary and their polarity value in a medical domain. Through the experiment, it comes out that positive terms such as "칭찬, 친절함, 감사, 무사히, 잘해, 감동, 미소" have high positive opinion value, and negative terms such as "퉁명, 뭡니까, 말하더군요, 무시하는" have strong negative opinion. These terms are in general use and the experiment result seems to be a high probability of opinion polarity. Furthermore, the accuracy of proposed VOC classification model has been compared and the highest classification accuracy of 77.8% is conformed at threshold with -0.50 of opinion classification of VOC. Through the proposed intelligent VOC analyzing system, the real time opinion classification and response priority of VOC can be predicted. Ultimately the positive effectiveness is expected to catch the customer complains at early stage and deal with it quickly with the lower number of staff to operate the VOC system. It can be made available human resource and time of customer service part. Above all, this study is new try to automatic analyzing the unstructured VOC data using opinion mining, and shows that the system could be used as variable to classify the positive or negative polarity of VOC opinion. It is expected to suggest practical framework of the VOC analysis to diverse use and the model can be used as real VOC analyzing system if it is implemented as system. Despite experiment results and expectation, this study has several limits. First of all, the sample data is only collected from a hospital web-site. It means that the sentimental dictionary made by sample data can be lean too much towards on that hospital and web-site. Therefore, next research has to take several channels such as call-center and SNS, and other domain like government, financial company, and education institute.

Characterization of Atmospheric Concentrations of Volatile Organic Compounds in Industrial Areas of Pohang and Gumi Cities (포항과 구미의 대규모 산단지역 대기 중 휘발성 유기화합물 농도 분포 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Baek Sung-Ok;Kim Soo-Hyun;Kim Mi-Hyun
    • Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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    • v.20 no.2 s.49
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    • pp.167-178
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    • 2005
  • This study was carried out to evaluate the temporal, spatial, and seasonal variations of VOC, and to characterize the VOC concentrations in two large industrial complexes located in Pohang and Gumi cities. Twenty -four hours continuous sampling of selected VOC was made with STS 25 sequential tube samplers and double-bed adsorbent tubes. Air samples were collected every three hour interval for 7 consecutive days in each site during summer and winter. VOC were determined by thermal desorption coupled with GC/MS. A total of 27 VOCs of environmental concern were determined, including aliphatic, aromatic and halides. Generally. concentrations of toxic VOC were higher in Gumi than Pohang, and VOC levels in industrial areas were typically several-fold higher than those in residential areas. The most abundant VOC appeared to be toluene for both cities. However, chlorinated VOC were higher in Gumi than Pohang, while aromatic VOC were more abundant in Pohang than in Gumi. Two cities showed relatively different variations of VOC concentrations within a day. It is likely that traffic related sources are major factors affecting the VOC in Pohang, and industrial solvents usages are important sources in Gumi. These results imply that the occurrence and levels of atmospheric VOC are strongly dependent on the type of industries in each city. Therefore, in order to develop any control strategies or to establish the priority rankings for VOC in large industrial complexes, the type of industries and the occurrence of VOC in the atmosphere should be taken into consideration.

Test Method Using VOC Analyzer to Measure VOC Emission of Paints for Wood-based Panel (VOC Analyzer를 이용한 목재용 도료의 휘발성유기화합물의 간이측정)

  • Eom, Young Geun;Kim, Ki-Wook;An, Jae-Yun;Kim, Hyun-Joong;Moon, Suck-Joong
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.35 no.6
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    • pp.65-72
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    • 2007
  • The VOC (volatile organic compound) analyzer is devised to measure the four main aromatic hydrocarbon gases: toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene and styfene. It is not affected by ambient temperature and humidity. In addition, standby and measuring time of VOC Analyzer is a short as below 30 min and 8 min, respectively. Since the semiconductor gas sensor is supersensitive to gas components, it is not necessary to use a conventional gas concentrator or other complicated equipment. In this study, VOC emission behavior from 4 types paints (lacquer, urethane vanish, water-base paint, enamel paint) for wood-based panel was investigated using VOC Analyzer. After a specimen was spreaded on aluminum foil ($6.32{\times}6.32cm$) in $3{\ell}$ polyester bag, after 24 hours we could measure maximum VOC emission level that is a stabilized VOC value. Xylene of VOCs was high emitted from lacquer, urethane vanish and water-based paint, and TVOC (Toluene + Ethylbenzene + Xylene + Styrene) of lacquer was the highest emission concentration than another.

Atmospheric Concentrations of Volatile Organic Compounds(VOC) of Day/Night Periods During the Summer Season in Kwangju (광주지역 여름철 대기 중 주야간 VOC 농도 특성)

  • 이영재;신대윤;이학성;강병욱;한종수
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.169-177
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    • 2001
  • The concentrations of ambient volatile organic compounds (VOC) were investigated from the Kwangju area. A total number of sixty six sample were collected and analyzed during day/night periods from June to September 1999. Each of the canister sample ws analyzed for alkane and aromatic compounds using a GC/MSD sys-tem. The concentration of VOC in mean day/night time, when compared, was in the order: toluene(16%)> isobu-tane(14%)= acethylene(14%)> propane(12%)> ethane(11%)> butane(9%). The VOC concentrations were gene-rally higher during the daytime than the nighttime. The VOC with light weight(such as an alkane group, $C_2$-C(suh)5) showed generally higher concentrations during day/nighttime than the VOC with heavy weight (such as an aromatic group). High correlations were among the VOC emitted from the similar sources.

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Activated Carbon-Photocatalytic Hybrid System for the Treatment of the VOC in the Exhaust Gas from Painting Process (도장공정 배기가스 내 VOC 처리를 위한 활성탄-광촉매 복합시스템)

  • Lee, Chan;Cha, Sang-Won;Lee, Tae-Kyu
    • Journal of Energy Engineering
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    • v.14 no.2 s.42
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    • pp.133-139
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    • 2005
  • An activated carbon-photo catalysis hybrid system is proposed for the treatment of VOC produced from paint booth. and its VOC removal performance is experimentally evaluated. Activated carbon tower is designed on the basis of the adsorption characteristics of toluene. Photocatalytic system is designed as the series of $TiO_2/SiO\_2$ fluidized bed reactor and $TiO_2$-coated filters. The present activated carbon-photo catalysis hybrid system shows the VOC removal efficiency within $75\~100\%$ under different VOC species and concentrations.

Current Status and Prospective of Hazardous VOC in Ambient Air (환경대기 중 유해성 VOC 측정에 관한 동향과 전망)

  • Seo, Young-Kyo;Chung, Sun-Ho;Baek, Sung-Ok
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.734-745
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    • 2011
  • In this article, we reviewed the monitoring status of hazardous VOC in ambinet air in Korea and some developed countries such as USA, Japan, and UK. In many countries, two types of VOC monitoring stations are being operated, i.e., for hazardous VOC and photochemical VOC. Each country has different target VOC but all includes benzene. Korea, Japan, and UK have a national ambient air quality standard for benzene, but no national standard has been established in the USA. For sampling of the hazardous VOC, the adsorbent method is adopted in Korea and UK, while the canister method is used in the USA. Both of adsorbent and canister methods are used in Japan. USA and UK have only non-automatic method to measure the hazardous VOC, and the individual samples are being sent to their national laboratories for integrated analysis. On the other hand, Korea and Japan have automatic and nonautomatic methods to measure the hazardous VOC. Local governments or regional environmental agencies in Korea and Japan have the authorization for the sampling and analysis of VOC. According to a field study to evaluate the performance of automatic VOC monitoring system, controlling the moisture in the air sample was identified as the most important problem. However, careful attention must be given to using a moisture removing device such as Nafyon dryer, because of unexpected artifacts formation. In order to have reliable data, it is highly recommended not only to use internal standards, but to use appropriate hydrophobic adsorbents as a cold trap in any automatic on-line VOC monitoring system.