• Plant Resources
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2003

In this study, as preliminary research for the development of natural estrogen supplement the chemical properties of Iranian black pomegranate juice concentrate and seeds were evaluated. Proximate compositions of pomegranate juice concentrate and seeds were as follows; crude lipid 0.4% and 8.2%, moisture 39.9% and 6.6%, crude protein 0.9% and 12.2%, ash 1.4% and 1.7%, and carbohydrate 42.0% and 84.5% respectively. Major amino acids are glutamic acid (1310.0ppm) and aspartic acid (896.2ppm) in juice concentrate, and glycine (611.1ppm) and arginin (401.6ppm) in seeds. Ascorbic acid has the highest concentration of 20.0mg/l00g in juice concentrate and 0.23mg/l00 in seeds. The compositions of unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid and linolenic acid were higher than those of saturated fatty acids such as stearic palmitic acid. Major minerals were potassium, calcium and sodium, potassium was highest in both juice concentrate and seeds. Vitamins were composed of ascorbic acid (20.0mg/l00g), vitamin B$_1$(0.12mg/100g) and niacin (0.80mg/l00g) in juice concentrate, and only ascorbic acid(0.23mg/l00g) in seeds. Organic acids such as citric and L-malic acid were detected only in pomegranate juice concentrate. The contents of total polyphenols were 4.55g/L in juice concentrate and 3.5mg/l00g in seeds, respectively. Phytoestrogens detected in pomegranate juice concentrate and seeds were daidzein, quercetin, genistein and 17 $\beta$-estradiol.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.4165-4168
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• 2014

Background: The prognosis of primary glioblastoma (GBM) is poor. Approximately 2/3 of primary brain tumor diagnoses are GBM, of which 95% are primary lesions. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether more sunlight exposure has an effect on survival of patients with primary GBM. Materials and Methods: A total of 111 patients with primary GBM were enrolled from Kayseri in inner Anatolia which has a cold climate (n: 40) and Mersin in Mediterranean region with a warm climate and more sunlight exposure (n: 71). The patients with primary GBM were divided into two groups as Kayseri and Mersin and compared for progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).Results: The PFS values were 7.0 and 4.7 months for Kayseri and Mersin groups, respectively (p=0.10) and the repsective OS values were 13.3 and 9.4 months (p=0.13). We did not found any significant difference regarding age, sex, comorbidity, smoking, surgery, resurgery, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy and palliative chemotherapy between the groups. Conclusions: We found that more sunlight exposure had no impact on prognosis of patients with primary GBM, adding inconsistency to the literature about the relationship between sunlight and GBM.

• BMB Reports
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.358-363
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• 2002

Chemical and photochemical processes during storage and preparation rapidly degrade retinol, the most active form of vitamin A. therefore, the efficacy of incorporation into liposomes in order to modulate the kinetics of retinol degradation was investigated. Retinol was readily incorporated into multilamellar liposomes that were prepared form soybean phosphatidylcholine; the extent of the incorporation was 98.14±0.93% at pH 9.0 at a ratio of 0.01 : 1 (wt:wt) retinol : phospholipid. It was only marginally lower at higher retinol concentrations. The pH of the hydration buffer had a small effect. The incorporation efficiency ranged from 99.25±0.47% at pH 3 to 97.45±1.13% at pH 11. The time course of the retinol degradation in the aqueous solution in liposomes was compared to that of free retinol and free retinol with α-tocopherol under a variety of conditions of pH(3, 7, and 11), temperature(4, 25, 37, and 50℃), and light exposure(dark, visible, and UV). The retinol that was incorporated into the liposomes degraded significantly slower than the free retinol or retinol with α-tocopherol at pH 7 and 11. At pH 3, where the free retinol degrades rapidly, the degradation kinetics were similar in liposomes and the presence of α-tocopherol. At pH 7.0 and 4℃ in the light, for example, free aqueous retinol was completely degraded within 2 days, while only 20% of the retinol in the liposomes were degraded after 8 days. In general, the protective effect of the liposome incorporation was greater at low temperatures, at neutral and high pH, and in the dark. The results suggest that protection is greater in the solid, gel phase than in the fluid liquid crystalline phase lipids. These results indicate that the incorporation into liposomes can extend the shelf-life of retinol under a variety of conditions of temperature, pH, and ambient light conditions.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1627-1632
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• 2014

Background: Several studies indicated that the diagnosis season affects the prognosis of some cancers, such as examples in the prostate, colon and breast. This retrospective study aimed to investigate whether the diagnosis and recurrent season impacts the prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Methods: From January 2005 to August 2010, 161 epithelial ovarian cancer patients were analyzed and followed up until August 2013. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and the log-rank test were used to make the survival analysis. Multivariate analysis was conducted to identify independent prognostic factors. Results: The prognostic factors of overall survival in epithelial ovarian cancer patients included age, clinical stage, pathological type, histological grade, residual disease after primary surgery, recurrent season and adjuvant chemotherapy cycles. Moreover, clinical stage, histological grade, residual disease after primary surgery, recurrent season and adjuvant chemotherapy cycles also impacted the progression-free survival of epithelial ovarian cancer patients. The diagnosis season did not have a significantly relationship with the survival of operable epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Median overall survival of patients with recurrent month from April to November was 47 months, which was longer (P < 0.001) than that of patients with recurrence month from December to March (19 months). Median progression-free survival of patients with recurrence month from April to November and December to March was 20 and 8 months, respectively (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The recurrence season impacts the survival of epithelial ovarian cancer patients. However, the diagnosed season does not appear to exert a significant influence.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.14-18
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• 2017

X-linked dominant hypophosphataemic rickets(XLHR) is a hereditary disease generally transmitted as an X-linked dominant trait. Oral manifestations include poorly mineralized dentin, enlarged pulp chambers and root canals, early tooth loss. Also, spontaneous dental abscesses could occur in the absence of a history of trauma or caries. This report describes the clinical finding and dental treatment of a child, who came to the hospital for treatment caries but was refered to pediatrics because the child showed clinically short of status, bow-leg and radiographically enlarged pulp chamber and canal, there as diagnosed as XLHR. After the diagnosis, 13 years follow-up and treatment were performed.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.49-66
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• 1986

The purpose of this study was to investigate nutrition intake of high school girls related to food habit, physical status, family environmental factor. The survey of 216 high school girls, aged 15 to 17 years old in Seoul area was conducted from April, 21 to 30, 1986. Food habit and family environmental factor were researched by means of questionnaires and nutrition intake was surveyed. by recording the kinds, amounts and ingredients of foods taken by the girls for two days, and height and weight were also measured during the period. The findings are summarized as follows: 1. Mean value of height and weight of the girls were 157.6cm and 50.9kg. 2. Number of family members per household was 5.2. Mean value of father's age was 47.1 and mean value of mother's age was 43.6. 44.9% of the girls had fathers who graduated the college, 41.6% of the girls had mothers who graduated the high school and 29.2% of the girls had mothers who had the job. 3. Breakfast missing rate was high, most of the reason for breakfast missing was 'have no time to eat' and time for breakfast was short. 64.4% of the girls had meal irregularly. 4. Mean daily intake of all nutrients except vitamin A and riboflavin was higher than Recommended Dietary Allowances. Mean caloric intake was 89.8% of R.D.A.. Breakfast intake of energy and most of nutrients was less than snack. Mean meal balance score was 47.9 and mean food diversity score was 13.4. 5. Mother's education level was related to intake of protein and calcium and height. Breakfast and lunch missing and number of snack intake were related with nutrition intake.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.1474-1480
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• 2018

Objective: Isoquinoline Alkaloids, derived from one plant (Macleaya cordata) can be an alternative when it is desired to increase performance in feedlot cattle. However, results on these nutritional additives in high energy diets in ruminants are still incipient in literature. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate performance and carcass traits of feedlot bulls supplemented with sanguinarine, the main alkaloid presents in Macleaya cordata in high energy density diets. Methods: Thirty-two crossbred Angus-Nelore bulls with mean initial body weight of $365{\pm}10kg$ and mean initial age of $11{\pm}3$ months were used. The experiment lasted 119 days, with 14 days of adaptation and 105 experimental days. Experimental diet consisted of 85% whole corn grains and 15% protein-vitamin-mineral nucleus and supplied ad libitum. Treatments consisted of a control diet (CON) and a diet with sanguinarine supplementation (SAN) at a dosage of 4 g of product sufficient to provide 6 mg of sanguinarine/d. Experimental design was completely randomized. Results: Dry matter intake, average daily gain and feed conversion were similar (p>0.05) between treatments. However, SAN group animals had higher carcass yield (p = 0.045) and were more efficient in the transformation of dry matter consumed in carcass gain (p = 0.046) than CON. In addition, haptoglobin, increased throughout feedlot duration meaning high challenge for the animals due to the diet, but this behavior was similar (p>0.05) between treatments. Conclusion: Sanguinarine produced positive results in relation to carcass yield and could be used as an additive for bulls fed diets receiving high energy density diet.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.9-21
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• 2015

Cancer, a serious public health problem in worldwide, results from an excessive and uncontrolled proliferation of the body cells without obvious physiological demands of organs. The gastrointestinal tract, including the esophagus, stomach and intestine, is a unique organ system. It has the highest cancer incidence and cancer-related mortality in the body and is influenceed by both genetic and environmental factors. Among the various chemical elements recognized in the nature, some of them including zinc, iron, cobalt, and copper have essential roles in the various biochemical and physiological processes, but only at low levels and others such as cadmium, lead, mercury, arsenic, and nickel are considered as threats for human health especially with chronic exposure at high levels. Cadmium, an environment contaminant, cannot be destroyed in nature. Through impairment of vitamin D metabolism in the kidney it causes nephrotoxicity and subsequently bone metabolism impairment and fragility. The major mechanisms involved in cadmium carcinogenesis could be related to the suppression of gene expression, inhibition of DNA damage repair, inhibition of apoptosis, and induction of oxidative stress. In addition, cadmium may act through aberrant DNA methylation. Cadmium affects multiple cellular processes, including signal transduction pathways, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Down-regulation of methyltransferases enzymes and reduction of DNA methylation have been stated as epigenetic effects of cadmium. Furthermore, increasing intracellular free calcium ion levels induces neuronal apoptosis in addition to other deleterious influence on the stability of the genome.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.824-832
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• 2002

The present study was conducted to evaluate nutritional intake by lunch-box of middle school girls who live in Chonbuk area. Anthropometric measurements and food intake from lunch-box over a three day period were investigated in a total of 110 middle school girls from rural (n＝37) and urban (n＝73) areas. The results are summarized as follows : 1. Not all the steamed rice in the lunch-box had enough mixed-cereal. 2. In the survey of food intake by food groups, 70.5% of the food came from the cereal group. 3. The intake of protein, phosphate, Vitamins $B_1 and B_2$, niacine and Vitamin E were adequate, however, the intake of other nutrients was significantly lower than those of one-third of the Korean RDA.4. Protein, lipid, and zinc intakes of the students from the rural area were significantly lower than those of students from the urban area. however, the carbohydrate and dietary fiber intakes of those in the rural area were significantly higher than those of the students in the urban area. 5. The percentage of calories from carbohydrate : protein lipid ratio was 67.6 : 12.2 : 16.9 for students in the rural area and 59.2 : 14.9 : 22.5 respectively for those in the urban area. In Summary, the intake of calcium, iron, Vitamins A, $B_6$, and D, folate and zinc from lunch-box in middle school girls was much lower than that of one-third of the Korean RDA. The intake of carbohydrate and dietary fiber of the students in the rural area was significantly higher, but that of protein, lipids, and zinc was lower than that of the students in the urban area. Therefore, nutritional education programs for both students and their parents should be provided to improve the daily food intake from lunch-box.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.1361-1366
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• 2008

One-hundred and twenty Ischia grey rabbits, traditionally raised in pits, were equally divided after weaning (32 days) into three groups: group C, housed in cages (4 rabbits/cage) and fed a commercial concentrate; group GF, housed as C group and fed grasses collected on the island and crushed faba beans supplemented with an appropriate mineral vitamin mix; group P, housed in pits (8 rabbits/pit) and fed as GF group. Feed intake was recorded daily and live weight monthly up to slaughter (92 days). At slaughter, 10 rabbits per group were used to measure carcass and meat traits. The carcasses were weighed and measured according to the standard procedures and meat samples from the Longissimus dorsi and left hind leg were analysed for water holding capacity and chemical composition, respectively. During the entire trial, group C consumed significantly (p<0.01) a higher quantity of feed than the other groups (126.1 vs. 63.4 and 66.5 g/d, resp. for groups C, GF and P) and at slaughter showed a significantly (p<0.01) higher body weight (2,529.7 vs. 1,324.4 and 1,375.4 g, resp. for groups C, GF and P). Significant differences (p<0.01) were found also for dressing out percentage (68.6 vs. 66.6 and 66.9%, resp. for groups C, GF and P) and for meat chemical composition, in particular lipid percentage (4.13 vs. 1.84 and 1.93%, resp., for groups C, GF and P, p<0.01) and moisture (73.7 vs. 76.4 and 76.3%, resp. for groups C, GF and P, p<0.01). The results suggest the opportunity to obtain heavier animals raised in the pits if their diets were integrated with commercial feed.