• Strategy21
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• s.41
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• pp.294-332
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• 2017

The aim of this study is to find ways to apply the strategic communications to the Republic of Korea Navy. It may be a little bit late for the ROK Navy to accommodate the SC in these days because the adoption and implementation of the SC by the Combined Forces Command has already been begun. It was in 2007 when the SC was in place in the CFC. ROK's Ministry of National Defense and Joint Chiefs of Staff have also mulled over the SC and begun to apply it in part in the annual exercises such as Key Resolve command post drills and Foal Eagle field training exercise, etc. For the ROK Navy, in addition to those exercises, it is faced with further areas like North Korean maritime provocations and other maritime incidents where its version of SC is needed. As noted, the SC is not intended to deter or defend directly those provocations and incidents, but aims to create conditions favorable to the achievement of the navy's strategic objectives. The ROK Navy has to establish a SC planning center and implementing organizations within the Headquarters to be consistent with its above organizations such as MND, JCS, and CFC that have already applied the SC in part or in entirety. SC center and other related organizations need to be under the control of VCNO and the center needs to be located and administered by the policy division in N-5 at the HQs. The vision of the navy's SC is the winning without combats and the least damages in time of war. In other for the navy to reach the vision, the strategies to be executed are early establishment of SC implementing organizations, forming consensus over the need for the SC within the navy, strengthening core competencies to apply the SC, acquiring the SC experts and making doctrines on the SC. The SC, in addition, in the navy has to be planned and implemented in not only peace time and crisis time but also war time.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.432-441
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• 2010

The Center for Nanotechnology in Society at Arizona State University (CNS-ASU) is a Nano-scale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC) funded by the US National Science Foundation (NSF). It implements an agenda of "real-time technology assessment" (RTTA) in pursuit of a strategic vision of the "anticipatory governance" of nanotechnologies. To achieve this vision, CNS-ASU unifies research programs not only across several universities but also across three critical, component activities: foresight (of plausible future scenarios), integration (of social science and humanities research with nano-scale science and engineering), and engagement (of publics in deliberations). CNS-ASU also performs educational and training activities as well as public outreach and informal science education. This paper elaborates the Center's strategic vision of anticipatory governance and its component activities, especially in the context of extending the concerns of societal dimensions research beyond the traditional risk paradigm.

• 재활복지
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.225-256
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• 2010

This study aims to provide the basic data of the rehabilitation program for the schoolchild with intellectual disability by designing new framework of the features of postural control for the schoolchild with intellectual disability. For this, the study investigated what sensations the schoolchild are using to maintain posture by selectively or synthetically applying vision, vestibular sensation and somato-sensation, and how the coordinative sensory system of the schoolchild is responding to any sway referenced sensory stimulus. The study intended to prove the limitation of motor system in estimating the postural stability by providing the cognitive motor task, and provided the features of postural control of the schoolchild with intellectual disability by measuring the onset times and orders of muscle contraction of neuron-muscle when there is a postural control taking place due to the exterior disturbance. Furthermore, by comparatively analyzing the difference between the normal schoolchild and the intellectually disabled schoolchild, this study provided an optimal direction for treatment planning when the rehabilitation program is applied in the postural control ability training program for the schoolchild with intellectual disability. Taking gender and age into consideration, 52 schoolchild including 26 normal schoolchild and 26 intellectually disabled schoolchild were selected. To measure the features of postural control, CTSIB test, and postural control strategy test were conducted. The result of experiment is as followed. First, the schoolchild with intellectual disability showed different feature in using sensory system to control posture. The normal schoolchild tended to depend on somato-sensory or vision, and showed a stable postural control toward a sway referenced stimulus on somato-sensory system. The schoolchild with intellectual disability tended to use somato-sensory or vision, and showed a very instable postural control toward a sway referenced vision or a sway referenced stimulus on somato-sensory system. In sensory analysis, the schoolchild with intellectual disability showed lower level of proficiency in somato-sensation percentile, vision percentile and vestibular sensation percentile compare to the normal schoolchild. Second, as for the onset times and orders of muscle contraction for strategies of postural control when there is an exterior physical stimulus, the schoolchild with intellectual disability showed a relatively delayed onset time of muscle control, and it was specially greater when the perturbation is from backward. As for the onset orders of muscle contraction, it started from muscles near coax then moved to the muscles near ankle joint, and the numbers and kinds of muscles involved were greater than the normal schoolchild. The normal schoolchild showed a fast muscle contracting reaction from every direction after the perturbation stimulus, and the contraction started from the muscles near the ankle joint and expanded to the muscles near coax. From the results of the experiments, the special feature of the postural control of the schoolchild with intellectual disability is that they have a higher dependence on vision in sensory system, and there was no appropriate integration of swayed sensation observed in upper level of central nerve system. In the motor system, the onset time of muscle contraction for postural control was delayed, and it proceeded in reversed order of the normal schoolchild. Therefore, when use the clinical physical therapy to improve the postural control ability, various sensations should be provided and should train the schoolchild to efficiently use the provided sensations and use the sensory experience recorded in upper level of central nerve system to improve postural control ability. At the same time, a treatment program that can improve the processing ability of central nerve system through meaningful activities with organizing and planning adapting reaction should be provided. Also, a proprioceptive motor control training program that can induce faster muscle contraction reaction and more efficient onset orders from muscularskeletal system is need to be provided as well.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.179-186
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• 2011

Purpose: This study aimed to compare and assess changes of visual functions in viewing an anaglyph 3D image. Methods: Visual functions were examined before and after viewing a 2D image and an anaglyph 3D image with red-green glasses on seventy college students (mean age = 22.29${\pm}$2.19 years). Visual function tests were carried out for von Graefe phoria test, accommodative amplitude test by (-) lens addition, negative relative accommodation (NRA) and positive relative accommodation (PRA) test, negative relative convergence (NRC) and positive relative convergence (PRC) test, accommodative facility, and vergence facility test. Results: Assessment of the visual functions indicated that near exophoria and accommodative amplitude were reduced after viewing a 3D image, and although there were small changes in relation to these findings, NRC and PRC showed tendencies to increase and decrease at near, respectively. There were no significant changes with NRA and PRA, and accommodative and vergence facility were shown to have improved. Conclusions: Changes of visual functions were more in the 3D image than the 2D image, especially at near than distance. Particularly, the improvement of accommodative and vergence facility could be related to an effect of subsequent accommodation and vergence shift to have stereopsis in the 3D image. These results indicate that an anaglyph 3D image may, to some extent, be the effect of vision training such as anaglyphs.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.9-13
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• 2002

It is well known that the maximum amplitude of accommodation decreases with increasing age.(Presbyopia). With single vision lenses presbyopia can be corrected only for one viewing distance. With progressive power lenses presbyopia can be corrected for all viewing distances. But there are some other changes in the visual system with age which can not be corrected by spectacle lenses. Pupillary diameter decreases and the light transmission of the ocular media decreases. Therefore old people need more light, they need better illumination. Cone density in the retina decreases, this is only one example for changes in the sensory system. These changes in the visual system cause changes in visual functions. At the age of 80 visual acuity has decreased to half. Contrast sensitivity for gratings decreases mainly for high spatial frequencies very important is the increase of stray light in the ocular media and therefore the increase of glare. Veiling luminance increases by a multiple of approximately 4, Dark adaptation gets slower and light sensitivity is approximately 2 log units (factor 100) less when the eye is completely dark adapted. Also colour vision gets worse, especially at low luminances. Elderly people have problems with visual tasks which require divided attention between foveal and peripheral vision. An example is the measurement of the useful field of view. This useful field of view be expanded (improved) by visual training.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.1157-1160
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• 2005

The denoising and reconstruction of color images are increasingly studied in the field of computer vision and image processing. Especially, the denoising and reconstruction of color face images are more difficult than those of natural images because of the structural characteristics of human faces as well as the subtleties of color interactions. In this paper, we propose a denoising method based on PCA reconstruction for removing complex color noises on human faces, which is not easy to remove by using vectorial color filters. The proposed method is composed of the following five steps; training of canonical eigenface space using PCA, automatic extracting of face features using active appearance model, relighing of reconstructed color image using bilateral filter, extraction of noise regions using the variance of training data, and reconstruction using partial information of input images (except the noise regions) and blending of the reconstructed image with the original image. Experimental results show that the proposed denosing method efficiently removes complex color noises on input face images.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.10b
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• pp.68-70
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• 2008

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the emergence of innovative technologies made further advances in minimal access surgery possible. Robotic surgery and telepresence surgery effectively addressed the limitations of laparoscopic procedures, thus revolutionizing minimal access surgery. Surgical robots provide surgeons with to technologically advanced vision and hand skills. As a result, such systems are expected to revolutionize the field of surgery. In that time, much progress has been made in integrating robotic technologies with surgical instrumentation. However, robotic surgery will not only require special training, but it will also change the existing surgical training pattern and reshape the learning curve by offering new solutions, such as robotic surgical simulators and robotic telementoring. This article provides an introduction to medical robotic technologies, develops a possible classification, reviews the evolution of a surgical robot, and discusses future prospects for innovation. In the future, surgical robots should be smaller, less expensive, easier to operate, and should seamlessly integrate emerging technologies from a number of different fields. We believe that, in the near future as robotic technology continues to develop, almost all kinds of endoscopic surgery will be performed by this technology.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.225-234
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• 2019

Deep learning has become increasingly popular in both academic and industrial areas nowadays. Various domains including pattern recognition, Computer vision have witnessed the great power of deep neural networks. However, current studies on deep learning mainly focus on quality data sets with balanced class labels, while training on bad and imbalanced data set have been providing great challenges for classification tasks. We propose in this paper a method of data analysis-based data reduction techniques for selecting good and diversity data samples from a large dataset for a deep learning model. Furthermore, data sampling techniques could be applied to decrease the large size of raw data by retrieving its useful knowledge as representatives. Therefore, instead of dealing with large size of raw data, we can use some data reduction techniques to sample data without losing important information. We group PCB characters in classes and train deep learning on the ResNet56 v2 and SENet model in order to improve the classification performance of optical character recognition (OCR) character classifier.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 2016

Recently, Korea has been established and operated International Schools manifesting to improve the nation's capacity of the foreign languages skill and to cultivate internationally trained professional manpower. In order to achieve the vision of a world-class educational organization, it has to be designed for the facility standards to meet the international accreditation standards. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to research about basic resources through comparison of facility conditions between public schools in Korea and international accredited schools. By comparing those two different plan drawings are found the following things. First, Schools which established with International Accreditation Standard are prepared detailed criteria for the facility, Furthermore information about the furnishings included, in addition to specific equipments for classes are stated to be prepared. Secondly, it is more effective when special classrooms such as music and science are equipped with various spatial elements, enough educational equipment storage, teacher's study rooms, practical training rooms and student's activity rooms to support various teaching programs and learning efficiently. Lastly, there was a clear tendency that not only hardware but also software standards for the audiovisual room and library have been more enhanced to enable multidisciplinary educational approaches with the recent education training trend.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.65-70
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• 2010

This paper addresses the importance of knowledge management (KM) and the relationship of that theory when applied to improving interior design organizational performance in four areas: people, processes, design products, and organizational performance. Included is the way knowledge theory manifests in three different professional settings: coaching and training, designing, and service settings. Knowledge management, although well established in interior design services, requires effort in coaching and training as motivation is a critical variable. Whereas, strategies for knowledge management vary from industry to industry given diversity in situational variables, knowledge in each professional setting can be significantly aided by capturing and storing empirical, tacit, and explicit information, providing real-time electronic storage and retrieval of information [5] and consistent with transformational theory, through opening communication channels across the full range of the organization, inspiring and motivating individuals, and aligning all members of the organization toward a common vision [8]. Professional settings discussed in this paper are:(a)an learning organization enumerated in KM; (b)designing factors for managing knowledge theory themes; and (c)service, effective, efficient, and innovative KM application that is relevant to the process of developing effective KM for interior design service organizations. Folded within each will be a discussion on KM's impacts on visions, strategies, costs, and organizational performance. It has reiterated the impact of KM on one level might lead to synergistic impacts on another. Thus, KM has the potential to produce several interconnected impacts on people, design products, processes, and organizations.