• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.174-182
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• 1998

Recent advances in technologies such as internet have led to the emergence of virtual universities. However, existing technologies have many problems to be applied on virtual university implementation. Especially, existing transaction models are not appropriate to support virtual universities. In this paper, we present a transaction model to support virtual universities. First, we discuss general virtual university environments. After that, we introduce transaction model requirements for virtual universities. Those requirements include on-line processing, flexibility on transaction length, unpredictability, interactivity and parallelism. Then, we present a transaction model reflecting those requirements, and transaction processing techniques. Finally, we discuss future research issues based on our transaction model and processing techniques.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.135-146
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• 2002

Generally a speaker verification system improves its system recognition ratio by regularizing log likelihood ratio, using a speaker model and its background speaker model that are required to be verified. The speaker-based cohort method is one of the methods that are widely used for selecting background speaker model. Recently, Gaussian-based cohort model has been suggested as a virtually synthesized cohort model, and unlike a speaker-based model, this is the method that chooses only the probability distributions close to basic speaker's probability distribution among the several neighboring speakers' probability distributions and thereby synthesizes a new virtual speaker model. It shows more excellent results than the existing speaker-based method. This study compared the existing speaker-based background speaker models and virtual speaker models and then constructed new virtual background speaker model groups which combined them in a certain ratio. For this, this study constructed a speaker verification system that uses GMM (Gaussin Mixture Model), and found that the suggested method of selecting virtual background speaker model shows more improved performance.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.230-239
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• 1999

A virtual prototyping seeks to virtual environment where the development of vehicle models can be flecible as well as rapid and the experiments can be executed effectively concerning kinematics, controls, and behavior aspects of the models. This paper explains a virtual environment used for virtual prototyping of a vehicle. Ut has been developed using the dVISE environment thar provides actions, events, sounds, and light features. A vehicle model including detailed informations about a real-size vehicle. A human model is introduced for odjective visual evaluations of the developed, and then results are illustrated in order to demonstrate the applicability of developed models.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.25 no.2_2
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• pp.193-198
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• 2022

In this paper, we introduce the improved control method are communicated between a master and a slave robot in the teleoperation systems. When the master and slave robots are located in different places, time delay is unavoidable under the network environment and it is well known that the system can become unstable when even a small time delay exists in the communication channel. The time delay may cause instability in teleoperation systems especially if those systems include haptic feedback. This paper presents a control scheme based on the estimator with virtual master model in teleoperation systems over the network. As the behavior of virtual model is tracking the one of master model, the operator can control real master robot by manipulating the virtual robot. And LQG/LTR scheme was adopted for the compensation of un-modeled dynamics. The approach is based on virtual master model, which has been implemented on a robot over the network. Its performance is verified by the computer simulation and the experiment.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.266-274
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• 2014

Parametric bodies reproduce the actual shape of human body parts and should be convenient for general users to change size to judge the visual fit of clothes on-line. In this study, three parametric bodies(i.e. I, C, D ) were compared to verify the accuracy of the provided body dimensions and reproducibility to a target model. To compare reproducibility, the 20s female standard virtual model developed for an apparel industry by Korean agency for technology and standards is used. The investigation of existing parameters showed that the numbers and kinds of parameters provided by each program were different with some errors in notation; in addition, some of virtual body dimensions went beyond the maximum allowable error. The result of changing each parametric body to the 20s female standard body showed that D, C, I in order produced better reproducibility for body dimensions. There were different levels of protrusion and concavity in the virtual cross sections and virtual longitudinal sections despite the small differences in body dimensions and cross sectional areas; in addition, some parametric body was not bilateral symmetry. The results of this study can be used as basic information in the standardization of a virtual model used in a virtual garment program.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.399-409
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the role of virtual community participation and engagement in the brand decision by building community and brand trust. In this study, two theories (Social Capital Theory and Theory of Collective Action) were tested. Both theories were linked based on existing literature, and empirical evidence was obtained through testing hypotheses. Students from five prestigious Pakistani business schools provided a total of 849 replies. The measurement model and structural model were both analyzed using the partial least square (PLS) method. The findings show that virtual community engagement and participation have a positive and significant impact on virtual community trust. Although virtual community engagement has a positive effect on brand trust, we found no evidence of a link between virtual community participation and brand trust. Later, these trusts positively influence brand choice. This study has several managerial implications. The suggested model of this study helps managers to get customers' insight, choose the right target market, and set integrated marketing communication strategies besides social media marketing strategies. The study represents a new perspective of consumer behavior that helps to understand how a customer behaves in virtual communities to trust and take the final decision to purchase.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.680-691
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• 2022

Virtual farm is a kind of virtual reality for education and training, which realizes a change in attitude toward farming and aims for economic performance through revisiting the virtual farm. With the recent introduction of P2E-type virtual reality, a way to connect virtual farming experiences with practical benefits is being considered. However, few studies have been conducted on the factors that influence the success of virtual farms. Hence, the purpose of this study is to examine whether the quality of virtual farm contents and system quality affect user satisfaction with virtual farm experience based on the DeLone & McLean's IS Success Model. In addition, we will examine whether satisfaction with the virtual farm significantly contributes to the change in attitude toward farming. In addition, we demonstrate whether digital incentives contribute to the activation of P2E-type virtual farms.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.394-394
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• 2023

The world's sustainable growth is being severely hampered by the inefficient use of water resources. Despite the widely acknowledged importance of trade in global and regional water and food security, societal reliance on local production as well as international trade remains inadequately assessed. Therefore, using South Korea as a case study, this study fills in this research gap by applying the virtual water concept, the logarithmic mean divisia index (LMDI) method, and the Tapio decoupling model. The virtual water concept was used to estimate South Korea's net virtual water trade for major grain crops from 1992 to 2017. Then, the LMDI method was utilized to assess the driving factors causing changes in net virtual water trade. Lastly, the Tapio decoupling model was used to investigate the decoupling relationships between economic growth and the driving factors of net virtual water trade. Results showed that South Korea remains a net importer of virtual water flows with respect to grain crops, with an average import of 16,559.24 million m³ over the study period. In addition, the change in net virtual water trade could be attributed to water intensity effect, product structure effect, economic effect, and population effect. However, water intensity and economic effects were the major decisive factors for decrease and increase in net virtual water trade respectively, while the population and product structure effects had minor positive influences on the net virtual water trade. Furthermore, water intensity and economic growth showed a strong decoupling in most periods, while the decoupling state between product structure and economic growth was observed as expansive negative decoupling. Likewise, population size and economic growth showed a weak decoupling in most periods. The results reveal South Korea's status as it concerns the virtual water trade of grain crops, thus providing valuable insights into the sustainability of trade activities for the management of local water resources.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.390-397
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• 2011

This study investigates the influences of shopping enjoyment and risk reduction on customers' attitude and the behavioral intention in the Internet shopping mall using a moving virtual model. For this study, we produced a moving virtual model to present a fashion product. The virtual model walks for about one minute on the stage. After respondents viewed it, they completed a questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of online shopping enjoyment, risk reduction, customers' attitude and behavioral intention. Respondents are limited to females aged in their 20s and 30s, who have experienced Internet shopping and are highly interested in fashion products. 411 samples were used for the final analysis. Cronbach's alpha, factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis were conducted. The results are as follows. Online shopping enjoyment and risk reduction influenced the behavioral intention directly as well as through the attitude. However, the size of the influence indicated that online shopping enjoyment is larger than risk reduction. Therefore, Internet malls should utilize the moving virtual model to provide customers with enjoyment and risk reduction, which will increase customers' favorable attitudes and the behavioral intention such as purchase intention and word of mouth.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.292-298
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• 2022

The study aimed to measure the effectiveness of using Cognitive virtual tours based on Marzano model to develop the achievement and some of historical research Skills for secondary school students. To achieve the objectives of the study, the experimental method was used and two study groups consisted of (60) students were divided into two groups, one is Control (30) students and the other is in experimental (30) students at Alsalam secondary in Ismailia Governorate. The study used several tools: The experimental processing tool of Cognitive Virtual tours based on Marzano model, Cognitive achievement test for the first unit of Secondary first grade history Course. Historical research skills. The finding of the study showed the effectiveness of using cognitive virtual tours based on Marzano model in developing the achievement and some of historical research skills for first grade secondary students which there are Statistically differences at level (0.01) between the average scores of the students in (experimental and Control) groups in post application for Cognitive achievement test. Practical application of the study can contribute to clarify how to use Cognitive virtual tours based on Marzano model in teaching history, and Draw the attention of history developers to the development of historical research skills.