• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.54-61
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• 2014

This paper proposes a driver supportive device with haptic cue function which can transmit optimal gear shifting timing to a driver without requiring the driver's visual attention. Its performance is evaluated under vehicle model considering automotive engine, transmission and vehicle body. In order to achieve this goal, a torque feedback device is devised and manufactured by adopting the MR (magnetorheological) fluid and clutch mechanism. The manufactured MR clutch is then integrated with the accelerator pedal to construct the proposed haptic cue device. A virtual vehicle emulating a four-cylinder four-stroke engine, manual transmission system of a passenger vehicle and vehicle body is constructed and communicated with the manufactured haptic cue device. Control performances including torque tracking and fuel efficiency are experimentally evaluated via a simple feed-forward control algorithm.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2005

This paper presents the development of the design of the robot element. Robot element design is an important part of robot design since it decides the performance and life time of the robot. It is necessary that the robot kinematics and the robot dynamics are accomplished to design the robot elements. The robot kinematics and dynamics determine the design parameters of the element. We developed a robot element design program with which a designer can design the robot element with convenience and reliability. The program is composed of motor, harmonic driver and ball-screw design. The program is founded on the virtual robot design program. The virtual robot design program is the powerful software which may be used to solve various problems of the robot kinematics and dynamics. The robot element design program may be used to calculate the design parameters of the element that are necessary to design robot element. Therefore, the designer can decide upon the available robot elements available to perform the objective of the robot. The robot element design program is expected to increase the competitiveness and efficiency of the robot industry.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.88-94
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• 2004

Recently, vehicle simulators are widely used to evaluate driver's responses and driver assistance systems. It needs much effort to construct the virtual driving environment for a vehicle simulator. In this study, it is described how to make effectively the roads and the driving environment for a vehicle simulator. The GIS (Geographic Information System) is used to construct the roads and the environment effectively. Because the GIS is the integrated system of geographical data, it contains useful data to make virtual driving environment. First, the outline and centerline of roads is abstracted from the GIS. From the road outline, the road width is calculated. Using the centerline, the grid model of roads is constructed. The final graphic model of roads is constructed by mapping road image to the grid model according to the number of lanes and the kind of surface. Data of buildings from the GIS are abstracted. Each shape and height of buildings is determined according to kind of buildings, the final graphic model of buildings is constructed. Then, the graphic model of roadside tree is also constructed. Finally, the driving environment for driving simulator is constructed by converting the three graphic models with the graphic format of Direct-X and by joining the three graphic models.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.3-7
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• 2005

Recently, vehicle simulators are widely used to evaluate driver s responses and driver assistance systems. It needs much effort to construct the virtual driving environment for a vehicle simulator. In this study, it is described how to make effectively the roads and the driving environment for a vehicle simulator. GIS (Geographic Information System) is used to construct the roads and the environment effectively. Because the GIS is the integrated system of geographical data, it contains useful data to make virtual driving environment. First, boundaries and centerlines of roads are extracted from the GIS. From boundaries, the road width is calculated. Using centerlines, mesh models of roads are constructed. The final graphic model of roads is constructed by mapping road images to those mesh models considering the number of lanes and the kind of surface. Data of buildings from the GIS are extracted. Each shape and height of building is determined considering the kind of building to construct the final graphic model of buildings. Then, the graphic model of roadside trees is constructed to decide their locations. Finally, the driving environment for driving simulator is constructed by converting the three graphic models with the graphic format of Direct-X and by joining the three graphic models.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2022

In this study, the driving performances of elderly who's age is over 65 were evaluated. The driving simulation was conducted using a compact driving simulation (CDS) and the simulation scenarios were developed from actual roads by replicating geometry of skewed intersection and traffic control devices located in Jungnang-gu, Seoul, Korea. 27 elderly drivers and 10 non-elderly drivers were recruited and participated on the virtual turning right and going straight driving experiment of CDS. Virtual driving data of driving time, speed, distance, acceleration and deceleration speeds, brake power, and steering wheel rotation angle were recorded and analyzed. Generally, elderly driver took more times to pass through the skewed intersection road and showed lower approaching speed as much as 40% and 25% in case of turning right and going straight scenarios respectively. The speed deviation at skewed intersection road between elderly and non-elderly driver is expected to cause frequent lane changes and overtaking.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.121-130
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• 2001

This paper addresses a method for evaluating perceived velocities of the graphic module in a driving simulator. The major two graphic factors associated with perceived velocities are analyzed: they are the lateral distance between a virtual driver and an array of environmental objects and the textural density of these objects. A graphical representation of a vehicle and its surrounding environment are constructed by employing a three-dimensional tool, Pro/ENGINEER and a virtual environment, dVISE. Using the developed virtual driving environment, experiments have been carried out to formulate the relationship between velocity perception and each factor. Based on the experimental results, nonlinear regression equations are derived to show how the perceived velocities are dependent upon distance/density.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.145-154
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• 2006

In the companion paper, the composition and structure of the MATDYMO (Multi-Agent for Traffic Simulation with Vehicle Dynamic Model) were proposed. MATDYMO consists of the road management system, the vehicle motion control system, the driver management system, and the integration control system. Among these systems, the road management system and the integration control system were discussed In the companion paper. In this paper, the vehicle motion control system and the driver management system are discussed. The driver management system constructs the driver agent capable of having different driving styles ranging from slow and careful driving to fast and aggressive driving through the yielding index and passing index. According to these indices, the agents pass or yield their lane for other vehicles; the driver management system constructs the vehicle agents capable of representing the physical vehicle itself. A vehicle agent shows its behavior according to its dynamic characteristics. The vehicle agent contains the nonlinear subcomponents of engine, torque converter, automatic transmission, and wheels. The simulation is conducted for an interrupted flow model and its results are verified by comparison with the results from a commercial software, TRANSYT-7F. The interrupted flow model simulation is implemented for three cases. The first case analyzes the agents' behaviors in the interrupted flow model and it confirms that the agent's behavior could characterize the diversity of human behavior and vehicle well through every rule and communication frameworks. The second case analyzes the traffic signals changed at different intervals and as the acceleration rate changed. The third case analyzes the effects of the traffic signals and traffic volume. The results of these analyses showed that the change of the traffic state was closely related with the vehicle acceleration rate, traffic volume, and the traffic signal interval between intersections. These simulations confirmed that MATDYMO can represent the real traffic condition of the interrupted flow model. At the current stage of development, MATDYMO shows great promise and has significant implications on future traffic state forecasting research.

• 인지과학
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2000

운전자에게 자동차에 관련된 중요한 시각적 정보는 주로 계기반을 통해 제공되어 진다. 이런 계기반이 시인/시계성을 고려하여 설계되어 졌을 때, 운전자는 주행중에 시야 확보 및 자동차 관련 시각정보들을 신속하고 정확하게 인지할 수 있게 된다. 즉 계기반은 운전자의 과제 수행도와 직접적인 관계를 갖는다고 볼 수 있으며, 운전자-자동차간의 상호작용에 관여하는 중요한 장치라고 할 수 있다. 이러한 이유로 외국의 경우는 계기반의 형태와 특성 및 색상까지를 고려한 다방면의 연구가 진행되고 있다. 현재 대부분의 차종이 Analog display의 형태를 따르고 있지만, 위치에 대한 명확한 표준이 없이 각기 다른 형태 및 배치를 갖는다. 따라서 본 연구는 계기반 주요 Object(속도계, 타코미터, 연료계, 온도계)의 배치특성에 대한 운전자의 선호도여부와 계기반 Object의 위치가 운전자에게 영향을 주는 요인여부에 관하여, 본 실험실에서 제작한 평가도구(VISVEC System)를 사용하여 실험하였다. 실험결과로 피험자가 선호하는 배열특성이 인지정확도 여부에 미치는 영향과의 연관성은 볼 수 없었으나, 계기반의 주요 Object는 각각의 영역을 갖는 것이 Visual 정보 인지에 용이하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.97-114
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• 2022

지하도로의 유입연결로 합류부는 지상도로와 달리 터널로 인하여 시계확보에 제약을 받는다. 본 연구에서는 시계확보에 관련 설계요소가 합류부 주행에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위하여 주행 시뮬레이터를 활용한 가상주행실험을 수행하였다. 가상주행환경 구축시 시계확보 설계요소를 시나리오에 반영하기 위하여 갈매기차로 길이와 본선차량 접근속도를 시나리오로 구분하여 운전자 주행행태를 분석하였다. 시나리오간 속도 측면의 분석지표와 차로변경지점, 운전자 주시 비율 분석결과는 일관성 있는 방향으로 도출되었고, 통계적 유의성을 검토하였다. 그 결과, 본선 접근속도가 더 높은 시나리오에서 갈매기차로 길이에 의한 특정 시나리오 사이에 운전자 주행행태의 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 지하도로 유입연결로 합류부의 주행안전성 향상을 위한 설계방향과 시사점을 제시하였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제35권4B호
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• pp.677-686
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 유무선 통합 환경의 차세대 방통융합 서비스를 위한 기반 기술로서 다양한 액세스 망에 대한 다중 접속 인터페이스를 갖는 멀티모드 단말의 인터페이스 가상화 기법을 소개한다. 제안된 가상 인터페이스 기술은 멀티모드 단말의 각 물리 인터페이스에 대해 상이한 IP 주소를 할당하고 패킷 전달 시 이들 주소간의 변환을 수행하는 기존의 방식과 달리, 고정된 하나의 단일 IP 주소 만을 이용하여 다수의 물리 인터페이스들을 가상화하는 기능을 제공한다. 따라서 패킷 전달 시 IP 주소 변환 등 단말 기능 변경을 요구하지 않으므로 Proxy MIP와 같은 네트워크 기반 IP 이동성 제어 기술과 연계하여 적용하기에 용이한 장점을 제공한다. 또한 기존의 OS가 단일 단말 내의 상이한 물리 인터페이스에 대해 동일 IP 주소를 할당할 수 없도록 하는 제약사항을 극복함으로써 MBB(Make-Before-Break) 방식의 핸드오버 제어뿐만 아니라 BBM(Break-Before-Make), 다중 접속(Multi-connection) 등과 같은 다양한 방식을 모두 지원할 수 있는 장점을 갖는다. 제안된 가상 인터페이스는 네트워크장치 인터페이스 표준 규격으로 개발된 NDIS 라이브러리를 이용하여 구현되었으며, 테스트베드 구축과 시험 프로그램 개발을 통해 주요 기능의 시험 및 동작 결과를 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 가상 인터페이스를 통해 멀티모드 단말이 이종 액세스 망간 핸드오버를 수행하는 도중에도 동일한 IP 주소를 이용하여 실시간 멀티미디어 서비스 세션을 끊김없이 유지하도록 지원하는 것이 가능하다.