• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.96-105
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• 2024

The domestic artificially sweetened beverage market has grown rapidly in recent years, and sodas have led this growth. This study investigated consumer food purchasing behavior of artificially sweetened sodas in terms of the food health stereotypes of "vice" and "virtue"; used to denote unhealthy and healthy food purchases, respectively. The study was conducted using consumer panel data collected by the Rural Development Administration from 2017 to 2020. Given the semi-continuous nature of artificially sweetened soda purchases, Cragg's two-part model was used for the analysis. The probability of purchasing artificially sweetened sodas increased as expenditure on snacks (a vice food category) increased. However, of those panelists who purchased artificially sweetened sodas, expenditure on artificially sweetened sodas decreased with expenditure on snacks and increased with expenditure on fruits (a virtue food category). These results suggest that vicious-lifestyle consumers choose artificially sweetened sodas when they regulate eating habits, whereas virtuous-lifestyle consumers increase artificially sweetened soda expenditure for hedonic consumption to reduce guilt based on a sensible trade-off effect.

• 한국연극학
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• 제49호
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• pp.49-71
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• 2013

Melodrama emerged as a form of the moral in the early modern age. As an approach 'the moral' not only means that rewarding virtue and punishing vice, but also refer to a principle of spiritual life and a way of life. -Melodrama theatricalizes a new vision of human life and society through a new type of the virtuous protagonist and sentiment/-ality. -This allows melodrama to be a dominant cultural form in this modern age, beyond the borders of the theater, mass-media, and literature. Virtue and sentiment/-ality are the core elements of melodrama, which differentiate it from tragedy and comedy especially in the structure and effect of the drama. Actually virtue and sentiment/-ality have been a main target of criticism. Virtue has been regarded as a trite quality of the stereotypical protagonist, and sentiment/-ality as a banal emotion which paralyzes an audience's recognition of reality. -However, this thesis regards both virtue and sentiment/-ality as vehicles for showing and sharing the morals of the modern age. First, the virtues of the protagonist included the general and universal ones of the bourgeois -at that times, the bourgeois represented themselves as a human being- such as the responsibility and obedience of a father, a mother, a wife, a husband, a daughter and a son. They also included the professional ethics such as courage, honesty, and justice and so on. The fall or salvation of the protagonist is largely determined by his/her private individual virtue. Second, sentiment/ality is a theatrical device that makes the audience internalize the protagonist's virtue. The protagonist expresses his/her universal virtue sentimentally, and the audience also expresses their virtue by sympathizing with the protagonist's virtue sentimentally. However, the melodramatic protagonist as an individual, is not connected with society, but remains isolated. As a result, s/he has no influence on the society, where s/he can only ends her/his play alone with a happy-ending. S/he is happy alone, or at best happy with his/her own family. On the contrary to this, tragic protagonist usually fixes social disorder through his/her fall. In that sense, we can say that melodrama presents only the half of the human life.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.289-303
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• 1992

Investigation of the environmental impact of widespread pesticide use has revealed a virtue/vice relationship. Although many pesticides perform their function and disappear without harm to the environment, others persist beyond their useful purpose and cause direct of indirect hazard to man, domestic animals and wildlife. Concurrently, many pests have rapidly adjusted to chemical control practices through changes in behavior that avoid exposure to pesticides of throuth genetic selection for populations resistant to the toxicants. The prospect of losing control over insect herbivores and desease vectors and returning to the days of global hunger and disease is unthinkable. Fortunately, from basic studies of insect and plant biology many opportunities for the development of safe, selective and environmentally pacific strategies for insect pest management are being realized.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2019

During the Obama administration, America made a shift in its foreign policies to re-focus on Asia. The strategy, known as 'Pivot to Asia', was used to contain a rising China. In this editorial note, I appropriate the geopolitical term to call for a scholarly refocus on Asia (and the broader Asia Pacific region). JCEA started as an area journal. While it has become more technology-focused and less geographically-bounded in its coverage of topics, the journal recognizes the centrality of the region's political economy and technological forces in setting (and upsetting) global norms and rules. The Asia Pacific contains the world's freest economies as well as the most oppressive regimes. It breeds both technology giants and laggards. As new geopolitical tensions loom, it is where the digital iron curtain is drawn, and where the vice and virtue of innovations debated. Social scientists in the English world, who lend extensively on European and American cases, can benefit from studying the Asia Pacific by testing whether and how local experience conforms to or confronts with universal theories. Very likely, western-centric norms and models become morphed and entangled in the grounded local particularity, reflecting many shades of this diverse place. In my arguments below, I highlight the Asia Pacific as a site of contradiction, as well as a site of contention and negotiation. My emphasis is that regional particularity holds the key to answer concurrent debates in the West concerning governance and accountability in the digital age.

• 동남아시아연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.287-314
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• 2011

There are many versions of the thai folktale "Pla Boo Thong" in Thailand, which is a typical type of stepmother story and in many ways resembles Cinderella story. This study, the author took 6 versions, some from books, some from internet. The main story of those 6 version is consist of the death of mother, stepmother and step sister, the maltreat of the stepmother to the heroine, tiding over the critical moments with the help of the dead mother and others, getting married with the king and happy of the heroine, death of the heroine by the slander of stepmother, posing as a queen of the stepsister, reincarnation of the dead heroine, meeting with the king again, and punishment and the stepmother and stepsister. The main theme of this narrative is a conflict in the polygamic family and is followed by the pattern of the Cinderella tale such as the distinct contrast of Good and Evil. This tale also teaches teachings of Buddha such as the punitive justice, the promotion of virtue and reproval of vice, and forgiveness. And otherwise it gives the people the courage and hope to overcome fortitude in their life.

• 철학연구
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• 제121호
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• pp.1-24
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• 2018

본 논문의 목적은 영혼의 질병과 치유와 관련된 고대 논변들을 통해 플라톤이 말하는 정신의 질병과 건강은 무엇인지 알아보는 것이다. 고대 그리스에서 의학은 몸의 건강을 돌보는 것이었다면, 철학은 영혼의 건강을 돌보며 삶을 변화시키는 것이었다. 따라서 정신적 질병의 개념을 규정하는 것은 의학의 영역이기보다 철학의 영역이며, 철학의 실천적 기능은 우리의 영혼을 돌보는 삶이다. 그리고 영혼을 돌보기 위해서는 영혼의 질병은 무엇이며 어디서부터 오는지에 관한 진단이 우선시 된다. 플라톤은 정신적 질병을 (1) 국부적인 뇌의 문제가 아니라 인격의 총체적 문제이며, (2) 이는 불균형과 부조화에 기이하는 것으로, (3) 무지 또한 정신적 질병이라 할 수 있다고 말한다. (4) 더 나아가 그는 부정의와 악덕 역시 정신적 질병이라고 진단하며, 정신적 질병의 문제를 개인을 넘어서 국가의 문제로 확대시킨다. 결과적으로 플라톤은 철학의 목적을 영혼의 건강을 유지하기 위해 덕을 가지고 공동체 속에서 정치적 정의를 이루어 나가는 것이라고 주장한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.468-478
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• 2022

전교조 핵심 이념이었던 '참교육'은 뉴미디어 시대의 자장 안에서 재전유된다. 젊은층을 중심으로 활발히 사용되는 이 단어는 '사회적 비난의 대상이 되는 사람 대한 응징'을 뜻한다. 최근 인터넷에서 흔히 볼 수 있는 '참교육 콘텐츠'의 특징으로는 첫째, '단편화' 경향을 보인다는 점이다. 참교육 콘텐츠들은 분량이 짧고, 내용이 매우 지엽적이다. 이는 총체성이 사라지고 작은 이야기들을 소비하는 포스트모던 사회의 특징을 반영한다. 둘째, 선악을 가르는 기준이 지극히 '자의적'이라는 것이다. 기존 권선징악 서사들은 사랑·배려·평화 등 어느 정도 보편적인 가치를 지니고 있었던 데 비해, 참교육 콘텐츠는 지극히 편협한 시선으로 선악을 구분한다. 자의적 기준에 대한 정당성을 얻기 위해 택하는 방법은 공공의 분노를 부추기는 것이다. 셋째, '유머'가 가미되어 있다는 점이다. 여기서 유머는 혐오의 정서와 결합하며, 사람들의 비판의식을 약화시킨다는 문제를 야기한다.

• 복식
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• 제30권
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• pp.261-274
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• 1996

In the present age dominate by both cer-taingty of 1% and uncertainty of 99% 'Fuzzy thinking' of Bart Kosko that is the way to solve the problems by the scientific way through a worldview of Buddhism or Taoism greatly prevails around the world over 'Lateral greatly prevails around the world over 'Lateral thinking' and the authenticity or the right and-wrong of the uncertainty which is the thinking way to find the answer of the problems of illogical way of Edward de Beno against the western vertical thinking were Concurrently fashion designers over the world also adopt the oriental elements. But there exist differences of thoughts between the orient and the occident. And they have dif-ferent thinking way of aestheticism and references of the value on the beauty. Not only beauty but the view through the mind as intuitional thought in which not only the rec-ognition of sense but also the rationalism and the naturalness play key role. The aesthetic sense in the orient contains both the truth and virtue. 2) The beauty of the mean It's from the thought of neutralization of Confucius. The mean or moderation state which in harmony with ethical virtue and aes-thetic beauty is the ideal and is the ultimate. Therefore the thought of Confucian is the creativity in which the balance and the har-mony is most important. Fashion design is also one of the representation of the mean because the spirit of the designer is harmonized for-mlessly with the object of the model of the fashion design. 2) The beauty of skillfulness It indicates the Taoism of Lao-tzu and Chuangtzu. It takes a super-artistic declar-ation that human can feel and recognize the color of colorlessness the sound of sound-lessness and the taste of tastelessness. The thought of arts affected by Taoism is 'ad-vanced age' called the beauty of skillfulness. The view of arts of lao-tzu takes the beauty of cosmos and the nature as a standard. Es-pecially the beauty of inactivity is recognized by the linkage between the beauty and the ugliness. And these things appear in fashion design as a design element such as humor or exaggeration. 3) The beauty of non-dualism It is thought of Buddhism that all evil passions of worry occur form the opposition in dualism. Finally this thought leads to that everything is consistent and truth is only one from the point of view that virtue and vice has on linkage that is 'no virtues no vices' and 'one with two, two, with one, one is not two' A big tendency like this became the root forma-tion of the thought of the oriental arts. 3. Characteristics of the oriental aesthetic sense on the present fashion design 1) The formation of the fashion design on the oriental elements In the picture-incantation which was a representation of an era when the thought of 'cosmic dual forces' dominated the basic polygons of 'a circle square triangle' means both 'one two three' and 'the negative positive mean' of cosmic elements. From this point of view the was of planner cutting in the Orient is dif-ferent from that of the Occidental which is in three-dimensional. The planner polygon type of the cut-pieces comes to have the meaning of the three-dimension when they consist of a suit that has the combination of each cut-piece. This shows the consistency with the principle of cosmos creation of Taoism that one is two two is three and three is every-thing. 2) The coloring and the symbolic represen-tation of the fashion design on the orien-tal elements The sense on the colors in the Orient from the thought of 'the cosmic dual forces and the five elements' is not the experi-enced from the knowledge but contains the consideration of philosophy Five-primary-color representing compass directions Blue(East) Red(South) Yellow(Center) White (West) and Black (North) is called ' the posi-tive' for this five-primary-color secondary-color which comes from the compound of the primary colors is called 'the negative' The thought of 'the cosmic dual forces and the five elements' is also an theory containing the natural order of the cos-mos and this shows the perceptional differ-ence that they are not conceptual but to be recognized and fell directly. A thought of Buddhism which is 'Colors are colorlessness and Clolorlessness are color's proves that. 3) The pattern and symbolic representation of the fashion design on the oriental elements The pattern as a visual style is a figure of symbolic representation which adopt the mental and physical world of human and are the compo-sition of artistic revelation of the human nature and the religous thought of incantation. Es-pecially the symbolic representation of the oriental thought of Confusion. Buddhism and Taoism There are patterns such as plants aminals the oriental four gods and geometry. From the above it's the time toward the 21'th century when the world is constructing one global area and one historical zone. And the exotic mood of the Orient represented in the fashion which doesn't make the common feeling in general does not cease to develop only to express the visual modeling but also adopts the thought religion and the art which are the root of the Orientail and contains inherent willing of modeling.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2004

1. Objectives Theory of Iinsim Tosim(the Human - Mind and the Moral - Mind) that originated from "Sang-Seo(尙書)" "Dae-Woo-Mo(大禹謨)" is a relative importance point of dispute at the existing confucianism and chosun's neo confucianism. Our consideration point is that a close examination of relation between Iinsim-Tosim theory of existing confucianism's and Lee Je-ma's thought of Iinsim Tosim and his creative exposition that is related to view of human being contained theory of sasang(四象), knowledge & conduction(Jihang, 知行). 2. Methods of Research We analyze "Gyukchigo(格致藁)" that is contained confucianism's contents and Lee Je-ma's view point of human being, and consult " Dongyi Suse Bowon chobongeun(東醫壽世保元草本卷)", "Dongyi Suse Bowon(東醫壽世保元)", reference about confucianism and some other thesis. 3. Results (1) Lee Je-ma's thought of Iinsim Tosim is closely connected each other. There is close correlation between Iinsim and Tosim such as both ends. And Iinsim Tosim is not virtue and vice relation but all good concept, though each have fragility, Iinsim have weakness of laziness and Tosim have that of desire. (2) Lee Je-ma insist on having lisim(理心)-kyungsim(敬心) for overcoming each fragility that weakness of laziness and desire. And he present learning(學) and speculation(思) for acquirement of lisim(理心) kyungsim(敬心). (3) Lee Je-ma's thought of Iinsim Tosim's containing meaning is not one side but both side for nature(性) & emotion(情). therefore Iinsim Tosim is closely connected Lee Je-ma's view of human being and theory of knowledge & conduction(Ji-Hang, 知行論). That is very different from existing confucianism & MyungSunlock(Book of Illuminating Goodnes)'s thought. (4) Iinsim is connected with knowledge(知), Tosim is connected with conduction(行) (5) Lee Je-ma's thought of Affairs - Mind - Body - Objects(事心身物) is closely connected with Iinsim-Tosim. 4. Conclusions There are no parts that directly criticized by LEE JE-MA, comparing with he's thought and the existing confucianism's theory of Iinsim Tosim, a specific person's theory. but LEE JE-MA approached the theory of Iinsim Tosim with thought that is not an extension of existing confucianism's thought, but original with himself, therefore LEE JE-MA's thought of Iinsim Tosim is closely connected with the most important conceptions (theory of nature & emotion, theory of knowledge & conduction) at the Sasang Constitutional Medicine. and Iinsim Tosim is an important clue for understanding the thought of LEE JE-MA.

• 한국철학논집
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• 제31호
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• pp.33-52
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• 2011

이 논문에서는 퇴계(退溪) 이황(李滉)(1501-1570)과 함께 16세기 조선의 성리학을 이해하는데 있어 중요한 인물인 고봉(高峯) 기대승(奇大升)(1527-1572)의 사상에 관하여, 수양(修養)의 문제를 중심으로 이해해보았는데, 이런 논의를 위하여 고봉의 "주자문록(朱子文錄)"의 구성과 특징 및 사단칠정(四端七情)의 문제에 관한 견해도 함께 살펴보았다. 유학은 인학(仁學)(성학(聖學))이며, 이런 유학(儒學)의 문제는 근원 주체 관계로 요약해 볼 수 있고, 수양(修養)란 하늘과 사람의 관계 및 나와 너의 관계 속에서, 삶의 주체(主體)로서의 나를 변화시키는 것이라고 할 수 있다. "주자문록(朱子文錄)"은 고봉이 퇴계와 사단칠정(四端七情)의 문제에 관하여 논변(論辯)하기 이전(1557년, 31세)에 주자학(朱子學)을 어떻게 이해하였는가를 알 수 있는 중요한 자료이며, 주자의 사상 가운데에서 수양(修養)를 지향하는 심성설(心性說)의 소개에 가장 큰 비중을 두었으며, 퇴계의 "주자서절요(朱子書節要)"와 비교해볼 때 고봉의 "주자문록(朱子文錄)"은 문집 전체에서 시(詩)를 제외하고 다양한 자료들을 보다 종합적으로 소개하고 있다고 할 수 있다. 퇴계(退溪)와 고봉(高峯)는 약 8년 동안(1559-1566)에 걸쳐 편지를 통하여 인간의 본성의 문제(정(情)과 선악(善惡)의 문제)에 관하여 논쟁하였는데, 퇴계(退溪)는 사단(四端)과 칠정(七情)을 질적 차이가 있는 감정(이기호발(理氣互發) 칠정대사단(七情對四端))으로 이해하였고 고봉(高峯)는 사단(四端)과 칠정(七情)을 부분과 전체의 관계(이기공발(理氣共發) 칠정포사단(七情包四端))로 이해하였는데, 사단(四端)과 칠정(七情)이 이발(理發)인가 기발(氣發)인가에 관한 논의는 개념에 관한 논리적 분석이나 이론적 타당성의 문제로만 끝나는 것이 아니 결국은 체인(體認) 확충(擴充)과 성찰(省察) 극치(克治)를 내용으로 하는 수양(修養)의 문제로 귀결될 수밖에 없다고 생각한다. 이제까지 사단칠정론(四端七情論)을 중심으로 하는 성리학(性理學)과 "논사록(論思錄)"을 중심으로 하는 경세론(經世論)에 관한 연구는 많이 이루어졌지만, 그의 수양론(修養論)에 관한 연구는 많지 않다. 퇴계(退溪)와 율곡(栗谷)은 고봉이 수렴(收斂)의 공부가 부족하고 조존천리(操存踐履)의 공(功)이 없다고 하였다. 고봉은 "이심법설(移心法說)"과 "삼해(三解)"에서 마음(심(心)) 그리고 경(敬)과 성(誠)에 관하여 다음과 같이 말하였다. 마음(심(心))은 몸(신(身))을 주재하며, 활물(活物)로서 광명동철(光明洞徹)하여 온갖 이치를 모두 갖추고 있으며, 성(性)(체(體))과 정(情)(용(用))을 포함한다. 마음(심(心))은 배(주(舟))와 같고 경(敬)은 키(타(?))와 같으니, 배가 파도에 있을 때에는 키로써 움직이며 마음이 물욕(物欲)에 있을 때에는 경(敬)으로써 변화시킬 수 있다. 그런데 성인(聖人)과 중인(衆人)이 동정(動靜)할 때에 성(性)을 온전히 하기도 하고 해치기도 하는 것은 경(敬)과 사(肆) 혹은 성(誠)과 위(僞)의 차이에 불과할 뿐이며, 성인의 도(道)로서의 경(敬)(주일무적(主一無適))을 통하여 하늘의 도(道)로서의 성(誠)(진실무망(眞實無妄))을 이룰 수 있는데, '심사명변(審思明辨)'하여 스스로 힘써 그치지 않는 것이 '사성지실(思誠之實)'이라면 정제엄숙(整齊嚴肅)하고 삼가하고 스스로 잘 지키는 것은 '주경지실(主敬之實)'이라고 할 수 있다. 그리고 고봉은 책을 읽을 때는 언어와 문자에 집착하지 말고 옛사람의 마음을 보아야 하며, 마음으로 견득(見得)해서 삶 속에서 체인(體認)을 해야 한다고 하면서, "학(大學)"의 삼강령(三綱領) 팔조목(八條目)과 "중용(中庸)"의 중화(中和)에 관하여도 시(詩)를 썼다. 이렇게 볼 때 고봉(高峯)은 유학의 수기(修己)(명명덕(明明德))와 안인(安人)(신민(新民))을 전제로, 신(新)유학(儒學)(주자학(朱子學))의 인간관(심(心) 성(性) 정(情)/미발(未發) 이발(已發)/체(體) 용(用))과 수양론(거경궁리(居敬窮理)/정제엄숙(整齊嚴肅) 주일무적(主一無適)/경(敬) 성(誠))을 충실하게 따르며 나름대로 실천하려고 노력하였다고 할 수 있을 것이다.