• 제목/요약/키워드: very high molecular weight

검색결과 121건 처리시간 0.025초

Production and characterization of ultra-high-molecular weight poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) by recombinant Escherichia coli

  • 박종필;박시재;이상엽
    • 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국생물공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회
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    • pp.731-734
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    • 2001
  • An efficient fermentation strategy for the high level production of ultra-high-molecular weight poly(3-hdyroxybutyrate) (PHB) was developed. Although the cell and PHA concentrations obtained by flask cultures at different initial pH (6.0 or 6.9) were almost same level, the molecular mass of PHB produced were quite different along with the initial pH. When a recombinant Escherichia coli XL1-Blue harboring pJC2 containing the Alcaligenes latus PHB biosynthesis genes was cultivated in flask culture (pH 6.0), the PHB having a very high molecular weight of 22 MDa could be produced while only below 1 MDa at initial pH 6.9. The ultra-high-molecular weight PHB could be synthesized to high concentration of 89.8 g/L resulting in the PHB productivity of 2.07 g/L-h by simple fed-batch culture. In this study, we report that PHB having various molecular mass can be produced by employing metabolically engineered E. coli strains harboring the plasmids of different copy numbers containing the A. latus phbCAB genes.

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한국산 소맥과 수입 소맥의 단백질 특성 비교 (A Comparison of Protein Characteristics of Korean and Imported Wheat Varieties)

  • 고봉경
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제31권3호
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    • pp.586-592
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    • 1999
  • 그루, 은파 및 탑동 등의 한국산 소맥분의 단백질 함량은 수입 소맥과 비교하여 상당히 많은 양 함유되어 있으나 탑동을 제외한 한국밀의 반죽 물성은 매우 약하여 단백질의 함량이 많음에도 불구하고 연질맥과 같은 반죽물성을 나타내었고, 특히 그루는 가장 많은 양의 단백질을 함유하지만 전형적인 sticky dough의 문제점을 나타내었다. 수입산과 국내산의 분류에 관계없이 단백질 함량이 많은 그루, 은파, 및 탑동 등의 한국 밀들은 DNS와 같이 acid insoluble protein의 함량이 상대적으로 많으며 water soluble과 salt soluble 단백질의 함량은 상대적으로 적었다. 특히 수입 DNS 밀은 전체 단백질의 함량에 대한 40% 이상이 acid insoluble protein이며 SDS insoluble protein 함량 또한 가장 많은 양 함유되어 있었다. 반면 한국산 소맥은 대부분 연질맥인 WW와 같이 SDS insoluble protein의 함량이 상대적으로 적었다. 또한 품종이나 제품성에 관계없이 밀가루의 단백질 함량이 높을 수록 단백질의 S-S와 SH 함량이 증가하였으며, 이러한 결과는 외국문헌에서 알려진 밀가루의 특성과 특별한 차이가 없었다. 그러나 탑동밀을 제외한 4종의 한국 밀에서 gluten의 특징적인 116 kD 이상의 high molecular weight protein subunit이 관찰되었으며, 이러한 subunit은 high molecular weight glutenin subunit에 해당되는 것으로 외국문헌의 경우 subunit 2.2로 분류하기도 한다. 또한 116 kD영역에 나타나는 triplet band는 탑동을 제외한 4 종의 우리밀은 doublet로 나타나므로 단백질의 high molecular weight subunit region에서 경질맥인 탑동밀의 구조가 가장 수입밀과 일치하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다.

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재조합 대장균에서의 Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)의 분자량 조절 (Molecular weight Control of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) in Recombinant Escherichia coli)

  • 심상준;안토니신스키
    • KSBB Journal
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.96-100
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    • 1998
  • 두 개의 프로모터 (trc와 Pp)를 Alcaligenes eutrophus에서 유래된 PHA 오페론에 삽입하여 재조합 대장균에서 분자량이 큰 polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)를 얻고자 하였다. 두 개의 프로모터는 hydroxybutyric CoA와 PHA 중합반응의 유전자 발현을 각각 독립적으로 제어하기 위해 설계된 것이다 새로운 합성오페론을 포함한 플라즈미드는 E. coli DH5 $\alpha$ 에 transformation 되어 PHB 생산에 이용되었다. 본 실험의 가설로서 PHA 합성오페론의 IPTG에 의한 유도가 없을 경우 낮은 pHA synthase의 활성이 고분자 중합반응의 개시제 농도를 줄여주어 결과적으로 높은 연결수의 고분자를 생성할 것이라는 모델을 세웠다. 실제로 IPTG의 공급이 없는 발효실험을 통해 평균분자량이 $2.5{\times}10^7$ 인 거대 고분자를 얻을 수 있었다. PHA 생합성에 관여는 효소의 활성 분석으로 3-hydroxybutyric CoA의 중합을 촉매하는 효소인 PHA synthase의 활성을 가지고 In vivo에서 분자량이 제어됨을 확인하였다.

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Preparation of Novel Quaternary Plastomers with Extremely Low Glass Transition Temperature

  • Kim, Jin Hoon;Kim, Jung Soo;Kim, Min Seong;Kim, Ki Bum;Yang, Hong Joo;Ha, Sung Chul;Chang, Young-Wook;Kim, Dong Hyun
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • 제51권3호
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    • pp.188-194
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    • 2016
  • In this study, novel quaternary plastomers consisting of ethylene, 1-hexene, high ${\alpha}$-olefin, and divinylbenzene were prepared using Zr metallocene catalyst, borate type cocatalyst, and tri-isobutylaluminium. The molar ratio changes of 1-hexene and high ${\alpha}$-olefin (1-octene, 1-decene, and 1-dodecene) had an effect on the properties of the quaternary plastomers. The structure of the quaternary plastomers was characterized using $^1H$ NMR. Molecular weight properties, crystallinity, and thermal properties of the plastomers were determined by GPC, WAXS, and DMA, respectively. Compared with the terpolymers prepared in our previous study, molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of the quaternary polymers were very similar, whereas glass transition temperature ($T_g$) was very low. Also, hardness and tensile properties of the quaternary plastomers were measured.

고밀도 폴리에틸렌/초고분자량 폴리에틸렌 블렌드로 제조한 미세다공성 중공사막 (Microporous Bellow Fiber Membrane Prepared from High Density Polyethylene/Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Blend)

  • 남주영;최승은;이광희;장문석;김진호;임순호
    • 폴리머
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    • 제27권4호
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    • pp.307-312
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    • 2003
  • 고밀도 폴리에틸렌 (HDPE)과 초고분자량 폴리에틸렌 (UHMWPE)을 혼합하여 중공사막을 제조하고, 이의 형태구조와 물성 변화를 조사하였다. 분자량 측정과 FT-IR을 이용한 분석 결과, 상품화된 중공사막(Sterapore)은 고분자량의 HDPE로 제조되었으며, 표면은 친수성 고분자인 비닐 알코올/비닐 아세테이트 공중합체로 코팅되어 높은 수투과도를 갖는 이유를 규명하였다. HDPE/UHMWPE 블렌드에서 UHMWPE의 혼합 한계 조성비는 10 wt% 이하이며, UHMWPE의 분산성을 높이기 위하여 혼합과정에서 광유를 도입하여야 할 것으로 판단되었다. 제조된 HDPE/UHMWPE 블렌드 중공사의 기계적 물성과 막 구조는 Sterapore와 유사하였다.

매우 높은 분자량을 갖는 Nylon 4 및 Nylon 4/6 공중합체의 합성 및 그 특성 분석 (Synthesis and Characterization of Very High Molecular Weight Nylon 4 and Nylon 4/6 Copolymers)

  • 김남철;김지흥;남성우;전붕수;유영태;김영준
    • 폴리머
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    • 제37권2호
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    • pp.211-217
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    • 2013
  • Potassium tert-butoxide(t-BuOK)와 $CO_2$ 및 혹은 benzoyl chloride(BzC)를 각각 nylon 4 및 nylon 4/6 공중합체의 중합 개시제 시스템으로, 18-crown-6 ether(crown ether) 또는 tetramethyl ammonium chloride(TMAC)를 촉매로 사용하여 2-pyrrolidone(C4) 및 ${\varepsilon}$-caprolactam(C6)의 음이온 개환반응을 통하여 분자량이 매우 높은 polypyrrolidone(이하 nylon 4) 및 nylon 4 공중합체를 합성하였다. 개시제 시스템, crown ether 또는 TMAC가 중합반응에 미치는 영향을 분자량 및 수율 면에서 평가하였다. Crown ether나 TMAC를 사용하면 중합수율이 향상되었고 nylon 4의 경우 고유점도가 6.35 dL/g인 중합체를 합성할 수 있었다. 이 때 TMAC보다는 crown ether가 중합체의 분자량 상승에 더 효과적임을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 제조된 중합체에 대해 TGA 및 DSC 열분석을 실시하였으며 분자량이 nylon 4 또는 nylon 4 공중합체의 열적 특성에 큰 영향을 미치지 않음을 확인하였다.

PVA 중합도가 고상-액상 혼합 방식에 의한 YAG:Ce3+ 형광체 분말 합성에 미치는 영향 (Effect of PVA Polymerization on Synthesis of YAG:Ce3+ Phosphor Powders Prepared by a Solid-liquid Hybrid Route)

  • 김아름;이상진
    • 한국세라믹학회지
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    • 제51권5호
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    • pp.424-429
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    • 2014
  • YAG:$Ce^{3+}$ phosphor powders were synthesized using $Al(OH)_3$ seeds by means of a PVA-polymer-solution route. Various types of PVA with different molecular weights (different polymerization) were used. All dried precursor gels were calcined at $500^{\circ}C$ and then heated at $1500^{\circ}C$ in a mix of nitrogen and hydrogen gases. The final powders were characterized via XRD, SEM, PSA, PL, and PKG analyses. The phosphor properties and morphologies of the synthesized powders were dependent on the PVA type. As the molecular weight of the PVA was increased, the particle size gradually decreased with agglomeration, and the luminous intensity of the phosphor increased. However, the phosphor powder prepared from the PVA exhibiting very high molecular weight, showed a 531 nm (blue) shift from the 541 nm (yellow) wavelength of the YAG:$Ce^{3+}$ phosphor. Finally, the synthesized YAG:$Ce^{3+}$ phosphor powder prepared from the PVA with 89,000 - 98,000 molecular weight showed phosphor properties similar to those of a commercial phosphor powder, but without a post-treatment process.

H2O2로 분자량이 조절된 저분자화 키토산의 탈아세틸화도와 백도변화에 관한 연구 (A Study on Decrease in Degree of Deacetylation of Low Molecular Weight Chitosan Prepared by H2O2 and Change of Whiteness upon Time)

  • 김희정;전동원
    • 한국의류산업학회지
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    • 제5권5호
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    • pp.529-538
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    • 2003
  • Chitosan should be satisfied a certain Mw range for the final application, Low molecular weight chitosan(LMWC) can be acquired by depolymerizing high molecular weight starting chitosan. Using $H_2O_2$ in depolymerizing chitosan is very effective and reproducible in controlling Mw of resulting LMWC. However, $H_2O_2$ can break glycoside linkage of chitosan and oxidize some $-NH_2$ groups in chitosan. It has been reported that decrease in DA(degree of deacetylation) of LMWC prepared by $H_2O_2$. However, any quantitative data of decrease in DA has not been reported yet. In this study, DA of initial chitosan and DA of $H_2O_2$ treated chitosan were measured and the change in DA of chitosan upon $H_2O_2$ treatment were investigated. Change in DA was very different upon $H_2O_2$ treatment condition. LMWC also showed DA change upon time passage. Pre-swelling treatment of initial chitosan and low ratio of $H_2O_2$/chitosan prevented a decrease in DA significantly. Yellowing of LMWC was detected upon time passage, however, decrease in DA was minimal (around 1%).

Molecular Characteristics and Functional Properties of Barley Starches with Varying Amylose Content

  • You, Sang-Guan;Kim, Sang-Moo
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • 제10권3호
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    • pp.207-213
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    • 2005
  • Molecular structures and functional properties of starches isolated from normal, waxy, and zero amylose barleys were examined. Amylopectins from zero amylose starch had the largest molecular weight $(M_w)$, whereas those from high amylose starch, the smallest. A good correlation between the $(M_w)$ and the radius of gyration $(R_g)$ was observed among amylopectins from various starches, indicating similar polymeric conformation in solution even with the differences in the $(M_w)$. The debranched amylopectin molecules from different types of barley starches exhibited similar profiles, implying that the packing geometry of double helices in the different types of barley starches may be similar. Zero amylose starch showed the highest peak viscosity (326 RVU) in RV A viscograms at lower pasting temperature $(67.6^{\circ}C)$, compared to normal and high amylose starches. Relationship between RVA peak viscosity and amylose content suggested that the presence of amylose inhibited the development of granular swelling of barley starches during cooking. A rapid retrogradation, traced by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and strain-controlled rheometry, occurred in the high amylose starch sample during storage, while zero amylose starch showed a very good resistance to retrogradation, indicating excellent storage stability.

Linear and Hyperbranched Polymers via Electrophilic Substitution Reaction in Polyphosphoric $Acid/P_{2}O_{5}$

  • Choi, Ja-Young;Jeon, In-Yeop;Tan, Loon-Seng;Baek, Jong-Beom
    • 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
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    • pp.195-195
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    • 2006
  • A superior electrophilic substitution reaction medium that is non-toxic, relatively less corrosive, and non-volatile electrophilic substitution reaction to afford high molecular weight linear and hyperbranched polyetherketones (PEK' s) was developed. The system has very strong driving force to give extra ordinary high molecular weight linear and hyperbranched PEK' s. The reaction medium was further extended to prepare various types of copolymers and covalently grafted polymers onto carbon nanotube (CNT) or carbon nanofiber (CNF). By using characteristic hydrophilic nature of the reaction medium, hyperbranched PEK' s could be synthesized from commercially available $A_3\;+\;B_2$ monomers without network formation via selective solubility of the monomers.

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