• ETRI Journal
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.904-913
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• 2011

Three-dimensional (3D) memories using through-silicon vias (TSVs) as vertical buses across memory layers will likely be the first commercial application of 3D integrated circuit technology. The memory dies to stack together in a 3D memory are selected by a die-selection method. The conventional die-selection methods do not result in a high-enough yields of 3D memories because 3D memories are typically composed of known-good-dies (KGDs), which are repaired using self-contained redundancies. In 3D memory, redundancy sharing between neighboring vertical memory dies using TSVs is an effective strategy for yield enhancement. With the redundancy sharing strategy, a known-bad-die (KBD) possibly becomes a KGD after bonding. In this paper, we propose a novel die-selection method using KBDs as well as KGDs for yield enhancement in 3D memory. The proposed die-selection method uses three search-space conditions, which can reduce the search space for selecting memory dies to manufacture 3D memories. Simulation results show that the proposed die-selection method can significantly improve the yield of 3D memories in various fault distributions.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.519-526
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• 1998

A high-resolution seismic survey was conducted at the northeastern boundary of Pungam basin, one of the Cretaceous sedimentary basins in Korea. A 100 kg weight was used as an energy source and was found to be better than a sledge hammer in mapping deeper geologic structures. Several processing techniques such as f-k filtering, predictive deconvolution, and time-variant filtering are useful to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio by suppressing unwanted seismic energy. Four seismic units are recognized where many vertical faults are developed. The boundary fault between sedimentary rocks and Precambrian gneiss is identified along with a fracture zone of approximately 30 m wide. Bedding planes of the sedimentary rocks dipping westward are interpreted to be limbs of a syncline or volcanic flow. There faults and tilted bedding planes indicate that the basin had undergone significant tectonic deformation.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.88-93
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• 2011

When the ground current is injected into the adjacent ground electrode, the potential interference is caused between ground electrodes, the ground potential interferences have been largely studied with power frequency fault currents. Many attempts to find the frequency-dependent grounding impedance report that the high frequency grounding impedance is very different with the ground resistance. This paper presents experimental data on the frequency-dependent potential interference effects in the vicinity of ground rod. The ground potential rises around the test ground rod of 4 or 6[m] were measured and discussed. As a result, the ground potential rises and potential interference factor are decreased with decreasing the grounding impedance. It was found that the lowering of grounding impedance is critical to reduce the ground potential interference effects.

• Interaction and multiscale mechanics
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.317-345
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• 2012

Cable-stayed bridges are often used in modern bridge engineering for connecting two geographical points of long distance. A special load case to cable-stayed bridges is earthquake, which can produce horizontal as well as vertical movements on the pylons of the bridge. These movements may be transient in nature, i.e., only resulting in the transient vibration of the bridge, but causing no damage consequences. In some extreme cases, they may cause permanent subsidence on one or more pylons of the bridge. In this paper, the effect of pylons' subsidence on the dynamic deformations of the bridge and on the cables' strength is thoroughly studied. Conclusions useful to the design of cable-stayed bridges will be drawn from the numerical study.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.213-221
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• 1987

The Donghae mine locates at Jangjoari, Koseongun, Kyongsang-nam-do. The geology of the mine consists of the upper part of Chin dong Formation conformably overlain by tuffaceous Koseong Formation. These formations are intruded by the granodiorite and the basic dikes. The ore mineralization occurs in the fault breccia pipe at the center of a granodiorite stock. The estimated dimension of the breccia pipe is $7m{\times}70m{\times}200m$. The host rock has distinctive hydrothermal alteration halos consisting hematite zone, chlorite zone, epidote zone and sericite zone from outer zone to the ore vein. The ore mineralization occurred in the three distinctive stages. The ore minerals formed in the first stage are pyrite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, stannite and tetrahedrite. Galena and arsenopyrite are formed in the second stage. Some sphalerite grains include exsolution dots of the chalcopyrite. It is suggested that the ore mineralization occurred by a boiling of a hydrothermal fluid during its initial stage and subsequent cooling and $CO_2$ fugacity drop of remaining hydrothermal fluid by a ground water mixing aided vertical zoning of the ore minerals.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.796-800
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• 2011

As the increasing integrity of VLSI, the BIST(Built-In Self Test) is used as an effective method to test chips. Generally the pseudo-random test pattern generation is used for BIST. But it requires too many test patterns when there exist random resistant faults. Therefore we propose a mixed test scheme which applies to the circuit under test, a deterministic test sequence followed by a pseudo-random one. This scheme allows the maximum fault coverage detection to be achieved, furthermore the silicon area overhead of the mixed hardware generator can be reduced.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.112-122
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• 1996

In order to monitior machine tool condition and diagnose alarm states due to electrical and mechanical faults, and expert system using diagnostic parameters of NC machine tools was developed. A model-based knowledge base was constructed via searching and comparing procedures of diagnostic parameters and state parameters of the machine tool. Diagnostic monitoring results generate through a successive type inference engine were graphically displayed on the screen of the console. The validity and reliability of the expert system was rcrified on a vertical machining center equipped with FANUC OMC through a series of experiments.

• 지구물리
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.201-208
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• 1999

백악기 육성 퇴적분지의 하나인 풍암 퇴적분지 중부에서 획득한 고해상도 탄성파 중합단면을 탄성파 층서학적인 측면에서 해석하고, 시추공 코아자료, 지표지질 및 구조연구 결과와 비교하여 분지 중심부의 지층 특성을 구명하였다. 중합단면상에는 분지의 경계단층, 침식 부정합면, 관입암체 등의 지질구조가 인지되며, 지층을 연대가 젊은 층부터 차례로 층군 I, II, III, IV, V의 5개로 구분하였다. 연구지역은 분지형성 초기부터 장력이 작용하여 많은 정단층들을 형성하였으며, 미고결층 및 풍화층, 퇴적암층이 기반암인 선캠브리아기 흑운모 편마암을 피복하고 있다. 또한 북서-남동 방향으로 분포하는 퇴적암과 화강암의 경계가 단층에 의하여 수직적으로 구분된다. 이후 화강암류가 관입하여 풍암분지 각처에 지구조 파쇄대와 대소 단층을 발달시켰다. 관입암체인 안산암은 기존에 퇴적되었던 퇴적암층 V를 관입하였는데, 이는 풍암분지 내에서 마그마 관입에 따른 화산암의 생성이 간헐적으로 존재했음을 시사한다. 층군 I과 II에서와 같이 조립질 선상지 퇴적물과 화산쇄설물을 많이 함유하고 있는 퇴적물이 분지 내에 충진되면서 계속되는 주향이동의 지구조 운동을 받아 변형되었다.

• 지구물리
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 1999

지표 부근의 수직변위 단층을 굴절파 자료로부터 신속하게 인지하기 위한 효과적 방법을 모색하기 위하여, 컴퓨터 모델링을 통하여 GRM 해석법의 특성을 분석하였다. 속도분석 함수가 수진점 사이 거리인 XY값에 따라 단층 부근에서 형태가 변하는 특성을 이용하여, XY값이 적정값보다 큰 경우와 작은 경우의 속도분석 함수값의 차이를 수평 1차 미분하여 구한 함수를 구하였으며 ''구배변화 지시자''로 명명하였다. 굴절면 경사가 작을수록, XY값의 차이가 클수록 구배변화 지시자의 최대치 진폭이 증가하고 진동거리가 짧아져 단층의 위치를 정확하게 지시하는 것으로 분석된다. 이러한 특성을 갖는 구배변화 지시자는 굴절법으로 얻어진 탄성파 자료를 이용하여 지표 근처의 고경사 단층 위치 및 분포 상태를 파악하는데 효과적으로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제8권5호통권39호
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• pp.79-89
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 원전기기의 내진안전성을 증가시키기 위해 면진장치를 적용한 기기의 진동대 실험을 수행하였다. 원전구조물과 유사한 진동수 특성을 가지는 실험모형을 제작하여 실험에 사용하였으며 구조물 내부의 기기를 모형화 하기 위하여 400kg의 강체를 사용하였다. 탁월주파수 특성이 상이한 3종류 지진파를 이용하여 진동대 실험을 수행하였다. 면진장치로는 마찰진자형 베어링(FPS)을 사용하였다. 입력지진의 최대가속도를 0.1g, 0.2g, 0.25g의 3단계로 변화시키면서 실험을 수행하였고 또한 1방향, 2방향 및 3방향 가진에 의한 거동을 분석하였다. 실험결과 지진파의 연직성분이 FPS의 면진성능에 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었으며 펄스타입의 속도성분이 큰 근거리 지진인 경우 면진효과가 감소하는 것을 알 수 있었다.