• 영어어문교육
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.41-59
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• 2009

The present study investigated Korean learners' knowledge on the range of possible interpretations of English locative PPs with manner of motion verbs, and considers whether learners can arrive at a superset L2 grammar on the basis of positive L2 input. Unlike Korean, some English locative PPs occurring with manner of motion verbs (such as in John jumped on the bed) are ambiguous as they can be interpreted as either directional or locational. Thirty Korean learners of English in three distinct groups (Advanced EFL-only group; Intermediate-EFL-only group; and ESL-experienced group) participated in an experimental study, along with a control group of nine native speakers of English. The results of the study showed that I) Korean learners, overall, tended to interpret English locative PPs as only locational, failing to recognize the ambiguity between the directional and locational readings in the target structure; 2) For the learners who experienced only the EFL context, even highly proficient learners, as well as intermediate level learners, failed to acknowledge the ambiguity; 3) The learners who experienced the ESL context for an extended period of time could identify the target reading to some extent, although they still could not reach the native-like competence. From these results, it is argued that robustness of positive evidence, not simply its availability, is critical in the acquisition of the superset L2 targets like the present one.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2017

In this paper I applies Borer (1993)'s way of classifying English intransitive action verbs such as 'run', walk, among many others, to the corresponding Korean intransitive action verbs such as 'tali-ta' and 'keət-ta', and show how they are different from - or similar with - each other in terms of syntactic structures and verb classification. Unlike the English verb 'run' which can be classified into an unaccusative verb as well as an unergative verb in Borer's theory, the corresponding Korean verbs 'tali-ta' or 't'wi-ta' can behave not only as an unergative and unauucsative verb, but also it can behave as a transitive verb. Though Borer's perspective on classification of verb types may be thought of as somewhat radical mostly due to its heavy dependency on aspectual representation of a whole sentence which a verb is just part of, it is clearly suggesting a new and great insight into the controversial topic of classification of verb types. So it is worth adopting this insightful perspective for the analysis of corresponding Korean verbs and seeing if it also works for the Korean ones.

• 한국언어정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국언어정보학회 2002년도 Language, Information, and Computation Proceedings of The 16th Pacific Asia Conference
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• pp.320-329
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• 2002

The issues in polysemy with respect to the verbs in WordNet will be discussed in this paper. The hypernymy/hyponymy structure of the multiple senses is observed when we try to build a bilingual network for Chinese and English. There are several types of polysemic patterns and a co-hypernym may have the same word form as its subordinates. Fellbaum (2000) dubbed autotroponymy that the verbs linked by mailer relation share the same verb form. However, her syntactic criteria seem not compatible to the hierarchies in WN. Either the criteria or the network should be reconducted. For most verbs in WN 1.7, polysemous relations are unlikely to extend over 3 levels of IS-A relation. Highly polysemous verbs are more complicated and may be involved in certain semantic structures. Semi-automatic sense grouping may be helpful for multimlinguital information retrieveal.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.790-797
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• 2005

It is well-known that there are many similarities between Japanese and Korean language. For example, the order of words and the nature of the grammatical conjugation of both languages are almost the same. Another similarity is the frequent omission of the subject from a sentence. Moreover, both languages have honorific expressions and the identical concept for expressing nouns in terms of Chinese characters. Using these similarities, we have developed a word-to-word translation system which does away with any deep level analysis of syntactic and semantic structures of the two languages. If we use these similarities, the direct translation method is superior to the internal language translation method or transfer-based translation method. Although the MT system based on the direct translation method is more easily developed than the ones based on other methods, it may have a lot of difficulties when it tries to select the appropriate target word from ambiguous source verbs. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm to extract the meaning of substantives and to make use of the order of the extracted meaning. We could select $86.5\%$ appropriate verbs in the sample sentences from IPAL-verb-dictionary. $13.5\%$ indicates the cases in which we could not distinguish the meaning of substantives. We are convinced, however, that the succeeding rate can be increased by getting rid of the meaning of verbs thatare not used so often.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2006

We can distinguish two different groups of 'fusion expressions' depending on whether the verb (-ko) ha- 'do' can be recovered from the contracted expression concerned or not: recoverable and unrecoverable fusion expressions. Many expressions belonging to the former group show alternations between the [da]-type and the [dae]-type: e.g., o-nta-nta and o-ntae-nta '...says... is coming.' On the other hand, some expressions like ka-ntae can only be realized as the [dae]-type. The main purpose of this paper is to account for these [dae]-type expressions. First, we assume that they have an inaudible/invisible quotation $verb\;{\phi}-$, which takes as its complement a verb phrase with a neutral speech-level ending. This quotation verb is derived from the quotation verb ha-. Second, we assume that the quotation $verbs\;{\phi}-$ and ha- have the [j] sound as their stem-final element, which means that these verbs are actually represented as ${\phi}-j-$ and ha-j-, respectively. In this system, the [tae]-type expressions come out naturally from the behavior of the [j] sound. We do not employ any ad hoc phonological rules to derive the [dae]-type expressions from the corresponding [da]-type expressions.

• 한국언어정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국언어정보학회 2007년도 정기학술대회
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• pp.202-209
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• 2007

Compound verbs in Korean show properties of both syntactic phrases and lexical items. Earlier studies of compound verbs have either assumed two homonymous types, i.e. one as a syntactic phrase and the other as a lexical item, or posited some sort of transformation from a syntactic phrase into a lexical item. In this paper, I show empirical and conceptual problems for earlier studies, and present an alternative account in terms of Talmy's (2000) theory of lexicalization. Unlike Talmy who proposed [Path] conflation into [MOVE] for Korean, I suggest several types of [Co-Event] conflation; e.g. [$_{Co-Event}$ Manner] conflation as in kwul-e-kata 'to go by rolling', [$_{Co-Event}$ Concomitance] conflation as in ttal-a-kata 'to follow', [$_{Co-Event}$ Concurrent Result] conflation as in cap-a-kata 'to catch somebody and go', etc. The present proposal not only places Korean compound verbs in a broader picture of cross-linguistic generalizations, but, when viewed from Jackendoff's (1997) productive vs. semi-productive morphology, provides a natural account for classifying the compounds that allow -se intervention from those that do not.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.36-42
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• 2004

본 논문은 대규모 지식베이스와 언어 자원의 부족 문제를 해결하기 위한 동사의 구문 관계 정보를 이용한 한국어 질의-응답 시스템에 대해 기술한다. 구문 관계 정보는 동사의 원형, 사용 패턴, 각 문장 성분들의 의미 속성, 유의 동사 등의 정보를 담고 있다. 문장 및 구에 대한 구문분석은 구문관계 정보에 나타난 동사에 의존적인 문장 성분들의 의미속성과 동사의 일반적인 사용 패턴을 활용한다. 또한 정답후보 문장들의 구문분석을 위해 구문 관계 정보를 사용하고, 질의문의 격 슬롯(case slot)으로부터 정답을 찾기 위해 구문관계 정보를 사용한다. 실험에서 동사의 구문 관계 정보의 이용이 대규모 지식베이스와 언어 자원의 부족 문제를 해결하기 위해 한국어 질의-응답 시스템에 효율적으로 활용될 수 있음을 보였다.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제43권
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• pp.459-483
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• 2016

The main objective of this paper is to test the major prediction of the Aspect Hypothesis on interlanguage narratives collected from 171 Ibibio ESL learners in a classroom setting using sets of picture stories. Aspect Hypothesis predicts that lexical aspectual classes of verbs would determine the pattern of acquisition and distribution of tense-aspect morphology at the very early stages of L2 acquisition of tense-aspect verbal morphology. That is, telic verbs would be marked with the past tense-aspect verbal morphology before atelic verbs in the interlanguage of ESL learners irrespective of their L1 background. The results of our data analyses show a significant effect from the lexical aspect on the acquisition and distribution of tense-aspect morphology with chi-square statistics of ($x^2=196.92$,df = 6, n = 1664, p = <.0001). However, the effect of the lexical aspect is shown to be more prominent among Ibibio ESL learners at higher levels of proficiency. This is contrary to the prediction regarding Aspect Hypothesis. The paper concludes that the influence of the lexical aspect on the pattern of acquisition and distribution of tense-aspect morphology may be universal but the actual point along the developmental pathway when such influence is obtainable is yet to be determined. This calls for more research into the pattern of the L2 acquisition of tense-aspect verbal morphology.

• 인지과학
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.91-112
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• 2007

문장 이해의 한 하위 처리 과정인 의미역 처리과정의 심리적 실재성과 점진적 처리 특성을 알아보기 위해 두 실험을 실시하였다. 후행절의 주어가 생략된 대등 구조 문장을 사용하였으며, 특히 문장의 동사를 조작하여(일반 타동사와 사역 동사 사용) 재분석이 필요한 조건(일치)과 그렇지 않은 조건(불일치)을 만들어 읽기 시간을 비교하였다. 실험 1에서는 두 조건 간에 문장의 마지막 동사에서는 유의한 읽기시간의 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 질문에 응답하는 시간에서는 불일치 조건이 일치 조건보다 길었다. 문장내의 한 명사구를 사물 명사로 대체한 실험 2에서는, 재분석이 필요한 조건의 동사 읽기시간이 그렇지 않은 조건에 비해 길게 나왔다. 이 결과에 근거해 의미역 처리의 중요성과, 동사가 문장 마지막에 나오는 한국어에서도 점진적인 의미역 처리가 일어난다는 언어처리의 보편성을 논의하였다.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.37-55
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 특정 주제분야의 텍스트를 대표할 수 있는 단어술어를 추출하고 기본문형을 형성 한 후 각 단서술어의 기본문형을 실례화하여 연결함으로써 요약문을 작성하는 자동요약시스템의 모형을 설계하고 구현하였다. 시스템은 학습과정과 요약과정을 구분되며, 학습과정에서는 술어와 격조사를 출현빈도를 이용하여 주제분야 텍스트집단을 대표하는 단어술어와 필수격 조사를 추출한 뒤 단어술어가 이루는 문장의 기본문형을 형성한다. 요약과정에서 실례화 규직을 요약 대상 문장의 구문 분석 결과에 적용하여 기본문형의 격조사와 결합될 논항을 찾아 단문을 생성하고 연결하여 요약문을 완성한다. ‘화재’및‘강도’와 관련된 신문기사를 대상으로 실험을 수행하였으며, 작성된 요약문은 단어술어가 포함된 주요 문장에서 추출한 필수 정보항목과 술어를 중심으로 생성된 문장들로서 문장간의 연결이 자연스러울 뿐 아니라 텍스트의 전체적인 의미를 표현할 수 있었다. 또한, 통계적 기법을 이용한 학습을 통해 주제영역의 확장이 가능하였다.