• 한국가시화정보학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.49-60
• /
• 2024

The purpose of this study establishes the deep neural network (DNN) and Decoder models to predict the flow and thermal fields of three-dimensional wavy wings as a passive flow control. The wide ranges of the wavy geometric parameters of wave amplitude and wave number are considered for the various the angles of attack and the aspect ratios of a wing. The huge dataset for training and test of the deep learning models are generated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The DNN and Decoder models exhibit quantitatively accurate predictions for aerodynamic coefficients and Nusselt numbers, also qualitative pressure, limiting streamlines, and Nusselt number distributions on the surface. Particularly, Decoder model regenerates the important flow features of tiny vortices in the valleys, which makes a delay of the stall. Also, the spiral vortical formation is realized by the Decoder model, which enhances the lift.

• Tribology and Lubricants
• /
• 제33권5호
• /
• pp.207-213
• /
• 2017

In sliding bearings, viscous friction due to high shear acting on the bearing surface raises the oil temperature. One of the mechanisms responsible for generating the load-carrying capacity in parallel surfaces is known as the viscosity wedge effect. In this paper, we investigate the effect of film-temperature boundary conditions on the thermohydrodynamic (THD) lubrication of parallel slider bearings. For this purpose, the continuity equation, Navier-Stokes equation, and the energy equation with temperature-viscosity-density relations are numerically analyzed using the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code FLUENT. Two different film-temperature boundary conditions are adopted to investigate the pressure generation mechanism. The temperature and viscosity distributions in the film thickness and flow directions were obtained, and the factors related to the pressure generation in the equation of motion were examined in detail. It was confirmed that the temperature gradients in the film and flow directions contribute heavily to the thermal wedge effect, due to which parallel slider bearing can not only support a considerable load but also reduce the frictional force, and its effect is significantly changed with the film-temperature boundary conditions. The present results can be used as basic data for THD analysis of surface-textured sliding bearings; however, further studies on various film-temperature boundary conditions are required.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제50권1호
• /
• pp.54-67
• /
• 2018

There have been recent efforts to establish methods for high-fidelity and multi-physics simulation with coupled thermal-hydraulic (T/H) and neutronics codes for the entire core of a light water reactor under accident conditions. Considering the computing power necessary for a pin-by-pin analysis of the entire core, subchannel-scale T/H analysis is considered appropriate to achieve acceptable accuracy in an optimal computational time. In the present study, the applicability of in-house code CUPID of the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute was extended to the subchannel-scale T/H analysis. CUPID is a component-scale T/H analysis code, which uses three-dimensional two-fluid models with various closure models and incorporates a highly parallelized numerical solver. In this study, key models required for a subchannel-scale T/H analysis were implemented in CUPID. Afterward, the code was validated against four subchannel experiments under unheated and heated single-phase incompressible flow conditions. Thereafter, a subchannel-scale T/H analysis of the entire core for an Advanced Power Reactor 1400 reactor core was carried out. For the high-fidelity simulation, detailed geometrical features and individual rod power distributions were considered in this demonstration. In this study, CUPID shows its capability of reproducing key phenomena in a subchannel and dealing with the subchannel-scale whole core T/H analysis.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.1375-1380
• /
• 2015

최근 플라즈마를 이용한 과불화 화합물의 폐가스를 처리하는 기술이 발달되어져 왔다. 국내외로 여러 연구기관 및 업체에서 효율적 분해기술이 연구되어져서 그 제품들이 여러 방법들로 개선되어 왔다. 본 연구는 폐가스 분해 장치 모델 내부의 열과 유동 해석 방법을 통하여 압력 및 온도 분포를 예측하고자 한다. 해석 결과, 공기의 압력 분포 결과는 전체적으로 최대 압력이 0.975Pa과 최소 압력은 -1.037Pa로 나왔다. 공기가 입구에서 Plane 1까지 유동함에 따라 압력 값이 점점 줄고 Plane 1에서 출구까지 유동함에 따라 공기의 압력 값이 점차 증가하는 것을 볼 수 있다. 그리고 전체적으로 공기의 최대 온도와 최소 온도는 각각 $1718^{\circ}C$와 $26.07^{\circ}C$이다. 공기는 입구에서 Plane 4까지 유동함에 따라 온도가 점점 증가하였고 출구까지 유동함에 따라 공기의 온도는 줄어드는 것을 볼 수 있다. 본 연구에서의 열 유동 해석 결과를 이용하여 실제 시스템의 개발에 필요한 자료를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
• /
• 제33권6호
• /
• pp.288-295
• /
• 2017

In order to improve the efficiency and reliability of the machine, the friction should be minimized. The most widely used method to minimize friction is to maintain the fluid lubrication state. However, we can reduce friction only up to a certain limit because of viscosity. As a result of several recent studies, surface texturing has significantly reduced the friction in highly sliding machine elements, such as mechanical seals and thrust bearings. Thus far, theoretical studies have mainly focused on isothermal/iso-viscous conditions and have not taken into account the heat generation, caused by high viscous shear, and the temperature conditions on the bearing surface. In this study, we investigate the effect of dimple depth and film-temperature boundary conditions on the thermohydrodynamic (THD) lubrication of textured parallel slider bearings. We analyzed the continuity equation, the Navier-Stokes equation, the energy equation, and the temperature-viscosity and temperature-density relations using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code, FLUENT. We compare the temperature and pressure distributions at various dimple depths. The increase in oil temperature caused by viscous shear was higher in the dimple than in the bearing outlet because of the action of the strong vortex generated in the dimple. The lubrication characteristics significantly change with variations in the dimple depths and film-temperature boundary conditions. We can use the current results as basic data for optimum surface texturing; however, further studies are required for various temperature boundary conditions.

• Computers and Concrete
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.75-94
• /
• 2020

The aim of this research is to investigate free vibration of a novel five layer Timoshenko microbeam which consists of a transversely flexible porous core made of Al-foam, two graphen platelets (GPL) nanocomposite reinforced layers to enhance the mechanical behavior of the structure as well as two piezo-magneto-electric face sheets layers. This microbeam is subjected to a thermal load and resting on Pasternak's foundation. To accomplish the analysis, constitutive equations of each layer are derived by means of nonlocal strain gradient theory (NSGT) to capture size dependent effects. Then, the Hamilton's principle is employed to obtain the equations of motion for five layer Timoshenko microbeam. They are subsequently solved analytically by applying Navier's method so that discretized governing equations are determined in form of dynamic matrix giving the possibility to gain the natural frequencies of the Timoshenko microbeam. Eventually, after a validation study, the numerical results are presented to study and discuss the influences of various parameters such as nonlocal parameter, strain gradient parameter, aspect ratio, porosity, various volume fraction and distributions of graphene platelets, temperature change and elastic foundation coefficients on natural frequencies of the sandwich microbeam.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.355-363
• /
• 2007

The Korean traditional 'Ondol' system has been a target for innovation to meet the requirements of sustainable domestic building and low carbon emission energy utilization. Simulation techniques provide designers and researchers with powerful tools to predict heating load and thermal behaviour of Ondol systems installed in various contexts. However, there are few studies on Ondol models, especially associated with multi-stories buildings of which type covers about 50% of Korean housing stock. In this study, we analyzed the double floor Ondol system on the multi-stories buildings using the ESP-r program. On the basis of the double floor Ondol system, we suggested the new modelling method that is composed of the Vent zone and Ondol zone. Using the this model, sensitivity analysis was carried out to refine the applicability of the model taking account of control conditions, constructions, air change and air flow network method and CFD analysis using the FLUENT. The air layer has enough temperature to use in heating zone. It is suggested that the simplicity of the model will allow building designers and mechanical engineers easily to implement scenario-based assessments of design options as well as control strategies. Later, we will simulate the real buildings and analyze the air distributions using the Fluent according to the various conditions.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제46권2호
• /
• pp.57.4-58
• /
• 2021

Asteroids have undergone various processes such as impacts, space weathering, and thermal evolution. Because they expose their surfaces to space without atmosphere, these evolutional processes have been recorded directly on their surfaces. The remote-sensing observations have been conducted to reveal these evolutional histories of the target asteroids. For example, crater and boulder distributions are unambiguous evidence for past nondestructive impacts with other celestial bodies. Multiband and spectroscopic observations have revealed space-weathering history (as well as compositions). Whereas most physical quantities have been examined intensively using spacecraft and telescopes, only a little has been studied on "the grain size". It is one of the fundamental physical quantities for diagnosing the collisional and thermal history of asteroids. Our group has conducted polarimetric research of asteroids (as well as Moon [1]) to determine the particle size and further investigate the evolutional histories of target asteroids [2],[3]. For example, the existence of regolith on an S-type asteroid, Toutatis, was suggested almost twenty years before space exploration [4]. Moreover, we reported that near-Sun asteroids indicate a signature of submillimeter grains, which could be created by a thermal sintering process by solar radiation [5]. However, it is important to note that in-situ polarimetry has not been reported on the asteroid surface, although the Korean Lunar Exploration Program aims to do polarimetry on the lunar surface [6]. Therefore, it is expected that the polarizer mounted on the Korean Apophis spacecraft can make the first estimate of the grain size and its regional variation over the Apophis surface. In this presentation, we outline research of S-type asteroid surfaces through remote-sensing observations and consider the role of polarimetry. Based on this review, we consider the purpose, potentiality, and strategy of the polarimetry using the onboard device for the Apophis spacecraft. We will report a possible polarization phase curve of Apophis estimated from ordinary chondrites and past observational data of S-type asteroids, taking account of the space weathering effect. Based on this estimation, we will consider the strategy of how to determine the particle size (and space weathering degree) of the Apophis surface. We will also mention the detectability of dust hovering on the surface.

• Advances in nano research
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.115-128
• /
• 2021

In this article, free vibration behavior of electro-magneto-thermo sandwich Timoshenko beam made of porous core and Graphene Platelet Reinforced Composite (GPLRC) in a thermal environment is investigated. The governing equations of motion are derived by using the modified strain gradient theory for micro structures and Hamilton's principle. The magneto electro are under linear function along the thickness that contains magnetic and electric constant potentials and a cosine function. The effects of material length scale parameters, temperature change, various distributions of porous, different distributions of graphene platelets and thickness ratio on the natural frequency of Timoshenko beam are analyzed. The results show that an increase in aspect ratio, the temperature change, and the thickness of GPL leads to reduce the natural frequency; while vice versa for porous coefficient, volume fractions and length of GPL. Moreover, the effect of different size-dependent theories such as CT, MCST and MSGT on the natural frequency is investigated. It reveals that MSGT and CT have most and lowest values of natural frequency, respectively, because MSGT leads to increase the stiffness of micro Timoshenko sandwich beam by considering three material length scale parameters. It is seen that by increasing porosity coefficient, the natural frequency increases because both stiffness and mass matrices decreases, but the effect of reduction of mass matrix is more than stiffness matrix. Considering the piezo magneto-electric layers lead to enhance the stiffness of a micro beam, thus the natural frequency increases. It can be seen that with increasing of the value of WGPL, the stiffness of microbeam increases. As a result, the value of natural frequency enhances. It is shown that in hc/h = 0.7, the natural frequency for WGPL = 0.05 is 8% and 14% less than its for WGPL = 0.06 and WGPL = 0.07, respectively. The results show that with an increment in the length and width of GPLs, the natural frequency increases because the stiffness of micro structures enhances and vice versa for thickness of GPLs. It can be seen that the natural frequency for aGPL = 25 ㎛ and hc/h = 0.6 is 0.3% and 1% more than the one for aGPL = 5 ㎛ and aGPL = 1 ㎛, respectively.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제40권5호
• /
• pp.305-311
• /
• 2016

유도가열은 유도전류를 이용하여 도체에 열을 가하는 방식이다. 유도가열은 열을 가하고자 하는 물체 내부에서 열이 발생하고, 비접촉이며 안전하기 때문에 산업이나 의료분야에서 광범위하게 사용되고 있다. 최근에 형상기억합금을 사용하여 열에 의해 인공치아가 임플란트에서 쉽게 빠질 수 있게 하는 임플란트 시스템이 개발되었다. 본 논문에서는 새로운 임플란트 시스템에서 인공치아를 쉽게 제거할 수 있는 유도가열 장치를 개발하였다. 먼저 전자장-열 구조 유한요소 연성 해석을 통해 다양한 입력 전류와 코일 형상에 대해 온도를 시뮬레이션 상으로 확인해보았다. 해석 결과를 토대로 유도가열장치 시작품을 제작하여 실험을 통해 86초에 인공 치아가 분리됨을 확인하였다.