• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.823-833
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• 2012

Now a days, number of non alcoholic fatty liver patients are increasing more rapidly compare to past rate, and the average age of patients is getting younger, but there are no appropriate therapeutics in non alcoholic fatty liver disease. This study was aimed to analyze relationship between non alcoholic fatty liver disease and Injinho-tang. The papers were collected and analysed from domestic and international journals. The effects of Injinho-tang and constituent-herb were researched. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was induced complex causes of the metabolic syndrome. Medications that can be used in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, it should be have many effects such as anti-hepatic fibrosis, hepatocyte protection, liver cancer inhibitory effect, inflammatory cytokine regulation, improving hyperlipidemia, weight control, decrease the toxicity of the drug, antioxidant. Injinho-tang (Artemisia capillaris Thunb, Gardenia fructus, Rhei rhizome) has been widely used in disease that causes jaundice and liver biliary disease. Drugs for standardization of Injinho-tang index components(6,7-Dimethylesculetin, geniposide, rhein) have been presented. And Injinho-tang has been proven reliability in the administration of single dose toxicity. Also clinical stability in the administration of four years was reported. Injinho-tang has been reported some effects which anti-hepatic fibrosis, hepatocyte protection, liver cancer inhibitor, inflammatory cytokine regulation, improving hyperlipidemia, weight control, decrease the toxicity of the drug, and antioxidant. Therefore, Injinho-tang can be used in Non alcoholic fatty liver disease without Syndrome Differentiation.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.12-23
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a Korean version of evidence-based enteral tube feeding (ETF) guidelines through adaptation of existing ETF guidelines. Methods: The guideline adaptation process was conducted into 24 steps according to a manual for guideline adaptation version 2.0 developed by NECA. Results: The adapted ETF nursing practice guideline was consisted of 9 domains and 20 recommendations, including confirmation of tube placement, risk of aspiration, assessment gastric residual volume, body positioning, treating feeding tube occlusion, administration rate, medication, tube flushes, and interruption of feeding. The results of the grading of recommendations assessment by expert penal showed that 8 recommendations in Grade A, 4 in grade B, and 8 in Grade C were emerged from the process. The range of content validity index scores by expert penal was 0.8-1.0. Conclusion: It is expected that the adapted ETF nursing practice guideline could be helpful for nurses to practice evidence-based ETF for their patients.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.304-313
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• 2015

Purpose: Aspiration pneumonia (AP) is the major complication of dysphagia in patients with acute stroke. Nursing management for dysphagia influences on patients' health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate the effects of Dysphagia Nursing Protocol (DNP) for patients with acute stroke. We aimed to examine the incidence of AP and the dependency rate at the discharge. Methods: We used a non-equivalent control group posttest only design in this study. DNP was developed with content validity index > 0.75 in all items. This protocol was composed of the evaluation, education, complication prevention, and checking phases. After training the staff nurses, we applied DNP protocol to the experimental group. The control group was enrolled from June to August 2013 (n=80), and the experimental group was June to August 2014 (n=64). Results: The incidence of AP was 16.3% in control group while 4.7% in experimental group (p=.028), and the Odds Ratio (OR) was 0.26 (p=.045). The dependency ratio was 66.3% in control group while 43.8% in experimental group (p=.011), and the OR was 0.33 (p=.011). Conclusion: DNP was beneficial for the reducing the risk of AP and the improved the functional status.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 1999

A compensation method of the motor parameters using zero sequence third harmonic voltage is presented for the speed sensorless vector control of the induction motor considering saturation of the flux. Generally, the air-gap flux of the saturated induction motor contains the space harmonic components rotating with the synchronous frequency of the motor. Because the EMF of the saturated induction motor contains the zero sequence harmonic voltages at the neutral point of the motor, those harmonic voltages can be used as a saturation index. In this work, the rotor flux observer is firstly designed for the speed sensorless vector control of induction motor. And a novel measurement method of the space harmonic voltage and a compensation method of th LPF(Low Pass Filter) are proposed. For compensating the non-linear variations of the magnetizing inductance depending on the saturation level of the motor, the dominant third harmonic voltage of the motor is used as a saturation function of the air-gap flux. And the variation of the stator resistance owing to the motor temperature can also be measured with the phase angle between the impressed voltage vector and the zero sequence voltage. The validity of the proposed parameter compensation scheme in the speed sensorless vector control using rotor flux observer is verified by the result of the simulations and the experiments.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2010

This paper presents the optimal design method of an overlapped ultrasonic sensor ring for reduced positional uncertainty, and its application to the obstacle detection with improved resolution. Basically, it is assumed that a set of ultrasonic sensors are installed to form a circle at regular intervals with their beams overlapped. First, exploiting the overlapped beam pattern, the positional uncertainty inherent to an ultrasonic sensor is shown to be significantly reduced. Second, for an ideal ultrasonic sensor ring of zero radius, the effective beam width is defined to represent the positional uncertainty, and the optimal number of ultrasonic sensors required for minimal effective beam width is obtained. Third, for an actual ultrasonic sensor ring of nonzero radius, the design index is defined to represent the degree of positional uncertainty, and an optimal design of an overlapped ultrasonic sensor ring consisting of commercial ultrasonic sensors with low directivity is given. Fourth, given measured distances from ultrasonic sensors, the geometric method is described to compute the obstacle position with reference to the center of a mobile robot. Finally, through experiments using our overlapped ultrasonic sensor ring prototype, the validity and performance of the proposed method is demonstrated.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.419-420
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• 2014

본 연구는 대장암 환자들의 암으로 진단받은 당시의 생활습관 실태를 암 병력이 없는 일반 성인들과 비교해봄으로써 대장암의 발생에 영향을 미치는 위험요인을 규명하고자 실시되었다. 연구 설계: 대장암 환자의 생활습관 실태를 파악하고, 대장암 발생에 영향을 미치는 인자를 확인하기 위하여 대장암 환자와 암 진단을 받지 않은 건강인을 대상으로 시도된 후향적 비교 조사연구(retrospective comparison survey study). 연구 대상자는 2011년 10월부터 2012년 8월까지 대장암으로 진단된지 1년 이내로 J대학교병원 내의 암전문연구센터에 내원한 대장암 환자 107명과 동 시기에 동 병원을 방문한 암환자 아닌 환자의 보호자 중 암진단을 받지 않은 일반 성인을 대상으로 빈도 짝찟기를 통해 연령, 성별 및 배우자 상태 등이 동질한 124명이었다. 연구 도구는 김화영(2011)의 생활습관 측정도구(Content Validity Index [CVI], Mean expert proportion=0.98) 를 저자의 승인 하에 사용하였으며, 관련문헌을 참조하여 수정 보완한 후 식습관, 음주 및 흡연 습관, 휴식 및 활동 습관, 스트레스 관리 및 정기검진습관 등의 5개 하위영역으로 측정하였다. 연구결과 인스턴트식품 섭취여부, 스트레스 해소정도, 육류 익힌정도(살짝 익힘/탈정도로 익힘) 및 평소 주로 먹는 음식(채식/육식 여부)이 대장암 발생에 유의한 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났다. 대장암환자군과 건강인군의 생활습관을 비교한 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 하여, 평소 식습관에서 인스턴트식품 등의 가공식품의 섭취를 줄이고, 스트레스가 발생(인지)될 때 이를 효과적으로 조절할 수 있도록 하며, 육류섭취 시 살짝 익혀서 먹는 습관이 실천되어야 할 것이다. 또한 평소에 육류 섭취를 줄이고 섬유질이 많은 채식 위주로 식사하도록 권장해야 할 것이다.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.29-43
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• 2012

Financial data such as stock index returns and exchange rates have the properties of heavy tail and asymmetry compared to normal distribution. When we estimate VaR using the GARCH model (with the conditional return distribution of normal) it shows the tendency of the lower estimation and clustering in the losses over the estimated VaR. In this paper, we argue that this problem can be resolved through the adaptation of the unbounded Johnson distribution as that of the condition return. We also compare this model with the GARCH with the conditional return distribution of normal and student-t. Using the losses exceed the ex-ante VaR, estimates, we check the validity of the GARCH models through the failure proportion test and the clustering test. We nd that the GARCH model with conditional return distribution of unbounded Johnson provides an appropriate estimation of the VaR and does not occur the clustering of violations.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.130-134
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• 2009

Objectives : A method of estimation using 8 populationbased cancer registries databases in Korea(KRCR DB) has been introduced as another strategy for validly estimating the national cancer incidence(NCI) in Korea. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of this method with using the 7 KRCR DBs, excluding Seoul covering 21% of the total population of Korea. Methods : We designed the study method(NCSE_7) as same as the estimating method with using 8 KRCR DBs (NCSE_8) in order to ensure maximal comparability. We defined the expected number of cancer cases in each registry as the number of observed cases and then we added the weighted observed cases according to gender, age and the proportion of the population covered by each registry for the population of the seven regions and the population of all areas, with excluding these seven regions. From the expected number of total cancer incidents, the estimated NCI was calculated by dividing the expected number of cancer cases by the number of the total population. The standard error(SE) of the estimated incidence was also taken from the expected number of total cancer incidents. Results : Compared with the results of the NCSE_8, the overall age-standardized rates(ASR) in men and women became over-estimated and under-estimated, respectively. Primary sites that showed statistically significant differences were the colo-rectum, prostate, breast and thyroid. The index of death certificate only(DCO)and microscopically verified(MV)% indicating levels of data quality were decreased, especially for the brain in DCO% and kidney in the MV%. Conclusions : The database of Seoul regional cancer registry has a key role for the method to estimate the valid nationwide cancer statistics in Korea with using the population-based cancer registries databases.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.106-111
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• 2017

Background and Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the criterion-related concurrent validity of two standardized auditory-perceptual assessments and the Acoustic Voice Quality Index (AVQI) for measuring dysphonia severity in patients with vocal cord paralysis (VCP). Materials and Methods : Total 210 patients with VCP and 236 normal voice subjects were asked to sustain the vowel [a:] and to read aloud the Korean text "Walk". A 2 second mid-vowel portion of the sustained vowel and two sentences (with 26 syllables) were recorded. And then voice samples were edited, concatenated, and analyzed according to Praat script. Two standardized auditory-perceptual assessment (GRBAS and CAPE-V) were performed by three raters. Results : The VCP group showed higher AVQI, Grade (G) and Overall Severity (OS) values than normal voice group. And the correlation among AVQI, G, and OS ranged from 0.904 to 0.926. In ROC curve analysis, cutoff values of AVQI, G, and OS were <3.79, <0.00, and <30.00, respectively, and the AUC of each analysis was over .89. Conclusion : AVQI and auditory evaluation can improve the early screening ability of VCP voice and help to establish effective diagnosis and treatment plan for VCP-related dysphonia.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.87-111
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• 1999

This article investigates the functions, needs, and developments of the MARC format for classification data. and recommends the development for the KORMARC format for classification data. It ae analyzes the record structure, content designation and the content of it mainly based on USMARC format. Structure and content designation are almost same with those of the bibliographic and authority formats. The data fields divided into functional blocks based on their functions. Record contents of the data in the fixed-length fields include more elements on the classification numbers, including type of number, classification validity, standard or optional number, synthesized number. Variable fields can be grouped into several blocks, inducing those for numbers and codes: for classification numbers and terms; for references and tracings; for notes fields: for index terms fields, and for number building fields. Data in each fields of this format have the same contents with those in other related fields as soon as possible. This article analyzes the content in each data fields in detail.