• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 1997

To genetically breed powerful multifunctional antagonistic bacteria, the urease gene of alkalophilic Bacillus pasteurii was transferred into Bacillus subtilis YB-70 which had been selected as a powerful biocontrol agent against root-rotting fungus Fusarium solani. Urease gene was inserted into the HindIII site of pGB215-110 and designated pGU266. The plasmid pGU266 containing urease gene was introduced into the B. subtilis YB-70 by alkali cation transformation system and the urease gene was very stably expressed in the transformant of B. subtilis YB-70(pGU266). The optimal conditions for the transfomation were also evaluated. From the in vitro antibiosis tests against F. solani, the antifungal activity of B. subtilis YB-70 containing urease gene was much efficient than that of the non-transformed strain. Genetic improvement of B. subtilis YB-70 by transfer of urease gene for the efficient control seemed to be responsible for enhanced plant growth and biocontrol efficacy by combining its astibiotic action and ammonia producing ability.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.297-302
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• 1985

미생물중 urease생성능이 아주 강한 B. pasteurii의 Hind III partial digest 된 chromosomal DNA를 E. coli-B. subtilis bifunctional plasmid vector pGR 71으로 E. coli RR1 균주에 cloning 하므로써 그 urease gene을 expression시킬 수 있었다. 그러나 B. subtilis에서는 insertion DNA fragment의 deletion으로 expression되지 않았다. Cloning된 E.coli RR1 균주로부터 분리 정제한 urease gene함유 Plasmid(pGU66)의 restriction map을 작성하여 본 결과 7.1 Mdal의 insertion fragment가 삽입된 12.6Mdal의 plasmid에 Hind III, Bgl II, Xba I, Sal I등 몇 개의 cleavage site 위치를 찾을 수 있었다. Cloning된 E. coli의 urease는 periplasmic space에 많은 비율로 축적되며, 그 효소학적 성질은 donor인 B.pasteurii의 그것과 매우 유사하였다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.390-396
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• 1995

Bacillus sphaericus 1593 is a larvicidal toxin-producing mosquitocidal bacterium. The toxin contains a parasporal crystalline inclusion which is composed of a protein that is activated under alkaline condition. To enhance alkaline environment around toxin protein, cryptic plasmid cured, B. sphaericus 1593 was transformed by the Bacillus pasteurii urease gene which generate ammonia from urea. Transformant produced urease at about 80% more than wild type strain. B. sphaericus 1593, and the urease gene was stably maintained. It also produced crystalline toxin protein at the same level as the wild type strain B. sphaericus 1593.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.639-643
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• 2015

In this study, we cloned and sequenced the 15,204-bp DNA region containing the gene cluster for urease production from the chromosome of the environmental Photobacterium sp. strain HA-2. We identified 15 open reading frames (ORFs) and the G+C content was 40.3%. The urease gene cluster of Photobacterium sp. strain HA-2 consisted of seven genes, namely, ureDABCEF and ureG. There were five ORFs of urease genes in the opposite direction, which were homologous to the nickel transport operons (nik) of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Escherichia coli. The genetic organization and sequences of the urease genes of Photobacterium sp. strain HA-2 resembled those found in Vibrio fischeri and V. parahaemolyticus.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.108-112
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• 1994

The genetic organization of the urease gene cluster from an alkalophilic Bacillus pasteurii was determined by subcloning and Tn5 transposon mutagenesis of a 10.7 kilobasepair cloned fragment. A region of DNA between 5.0 and 6.0 kb in length is necessary for urease activity. In vitro transcription-translation analysis of transposon insertion mutants of the cloned urease genes demonstrated that the major ($M_r$ 67,000) and minor ($M_r$ 20,000) structural peptides of urease are encoded at one end of the urease gene cluster and at least 3 additional polypeptides are encoded by adjacent DNA sequences.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.356-361
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• 1991

식물근부병의 방제균으로 선발된 Bacillus subtilis YBL-7의 식물부균 Fusarium solani에 대한 길항력을 유전공학적 조작에 의해 다목적으로 증강시킬 수 있는지를 타진하기 위해 외부유전자인 Bacillus pasteurii의 urease 유전자를 생물방제균 B.subtilis YBL-7내 도입자하고자 시도하였다. 외부 urease 유전자는 B.pasteurii의 urease gene을 shuttle vector인 pGR71의 HindII site에 삽입하여 E.coli내에서 발현시킨 pGU66을 사용하여 형질전환시켰으며 이때의 최적 형질전환조건과 도입된 urease 유전자의 발현을 조사해 보았다.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.332.1-332.1
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• 2002

Streptococcus vestibularis is a urease-producing oral bacterium. frequently isolated from vestibular mucosa of human oral cavity. Ureolysis by S. vestibularis and other ureolytic oral bacteria is believed to be crucially involved in oral microbial ecology and oral health. Genomic library of the S. vestibularis ATCC49124 was constructed in an E. coli plasmid vector and the urease-positive transformants harboring the urease gene cluster were isolated on Christensen-urea agar plates. The minimal DNA region required for the urease activity was located on a 5.6 kb DNA fragment. (omitted)

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.286-290
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• 2006

A genomic library of Streptococcus vestibularis ATCC49124 was constructed in an E. coli plasmid vector, and the urease-positive transformants harboring the urease gene cluster were isolated on Christensen-urea agar plates. The minimal DNA region required for urease activity was located in a 5.6 kb DNA fragment, and a DNA sequence analysis revealed the presence of a partial ureI gene and seven complete open reading frames, corresponding to ureA, B, C, E, F, G, and D, respectively. The nucleotide sequence over the entire ure gene cluster and 3'-end flanking region of S. vestibularis was up to 95% identical to that of S. salivarius, another closely related oral bacterium, and S. thermophilus, isolated from dairy products. The predicted amino acid sequences for the structural peptides were 98-100% identical to the corresponding peptides in S. salivarius and S. thermophilus, respectively, whereas those for the accessory proteins were 96-100% identical. The recombinant E. coli strain containing the S. vestibularis ure gene cluster expressed a high level of the functional urease holoenzyme when grown in a medium supplemented with 1 mM nickel chloride. The enzyme was purified over 49-fold by using DEAE-Sepharose FF, Superdex HR 200, and Mono-Q HR 5/5 column chromatography. The specific activity of the purified enzyme was 2,019 U/mg, and the Michaelis constant ($K_{m}$) of the enzyme was estimated to be 1.4 mM urea. A Superose 6HR gel filtration chromatography study demonstrated that the native molecular weight was about 196 kDa.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.531-536
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• 2009

A urease-positive bacterium isolated from sea water was identified as Photobacterium sp. by morphological, biochemical, and 16s rRNA gene analyses and named Photobacterium sp. strain HA-2. 2.0-fold increase enzyme activity was observed in LB medium containing 3% NaCl and 0.1% urea or not and the enzyme activity was 16.0-fold lower compared to urease-positive Vibrio parahaemolyticus AQ4673 strain when grown in the LB medium containing 3% NaCl with 0.1% urea. The cloning and sequencing of Photobacterium sp. strain HA-2 urease gene cluster is currently being analyzed in our laboratory.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.519-526
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• 1992

Bacillus pasteurii의 urease gene이 Escherichia coli HB101에서 발현된 Bacillus성 recombinant urease를 단일단백질으로 정제하고 그 효소학적 특성을, 별도로 정제한 B.pasteurii urease의 그것과 비교검토하였다. B.pasteurii urease gene이 cloning 된 E.coli HB101(pBU11)의 균체파쇄액으로 부터 TEAE-cellulose, DEAE-Sephadex A-50, Sephadex G-150, sephadex G-200 등의 이온교환 크로마토그래피와 gel filtration을 이용하여 E.coli내에서 발현된 B. pasteurii성제하였으며, 또한 B.pasteurii로부타 비활성도 185.2배의 urease를 정제하여 disc gel electrophoresis로 단일 단백으로 정제되었음을 확인하였다. 정제된 두 urease 들의 native 상태의 분자량은 공히 280,000$pm$10,000 정도로 확인되었고, SDS-electrophoresis에의 해 subunit 유무와 분자량을 확인한 결과도 67,000정도의 subunit 4개와 20,000의 subunit 1개로 된 $\alpha$$\beta$ 구조의 동일한 효소단백으로 추정할 수 있었다. Gene donor인 B. pasteurii와 cloning 된 균주 E. coli(pBU11)이 생산한 두 urease의 효소학적 특성을 비교 조사해본 결과 두 urease의 최적반응 pH는 공히 7.5로 나타났으며, pH에 대한 안정성도 두 ureaserk 공히 pH 5.5에서 10.5 사이에서 50% 이하로 활성이 떨어지지 않는 강한 pH 안정성을 보였다. 두 urese의 최적반응의 온도는 $60^{\circ}C$였으며, 비교적 온도에 대한 저항이 강한 효소임을 알았다. 두 urease의 활성에 미치는 금속이온의 영향은 $Ag^{2+}$, $Hg^{2+}$ 등에서 양효소가 모두 강한 저해현상을 받는 반면, $Mn^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$ 에서는 다소 촉진되는 현상을 보였다. 효소반응 저해제들의 영향을 조사해 본 결과 p-CMB, acetohydroxamic acid에 두 urease가 모두 강한 저해를 받았다. 두 urease의 $K_m$ 값과 $V_{max}$ 값은 E. coli(pBU11)의 urease는 $4.21{\times}10^{-2}mol/\ell$, $86.96\ell$mol/min 이었고, B. pasteurii urease는 $4.04{\times}10^{-2}mol/\ell$, $160\ell$mol/min이었다. 따라서 B. pasteurii의 urease나 그 urease gene으로 cloning되어 E. coliso에서 발현된 recombinant urease는 분자량이나 효소학적 특서에서 거의 동일한 효소단백임을 알 수 있었다.