• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.9 no.6
• /
• pp.107-116
• /
• 2006

Recently, it has been important not only to evaluate environmental effects but also to assess cumulative and comprehensive effects by the development projects. This paper concentrates on temporal and spatial cumulative impacts on Suji district in Yongin, Gyunggi-do. This paper adopted two methods to assess the cumulative impacts. First, it assesses the temporal change of forest patch size and land cover according to the patch size. Second, it compares housing development zones with the neighborhood. The result of the research appears that the damage is very serious, especially in small forest. The Forest area is changed to farm land, most of them become to built-up area later. In addition, it is assessed that the secondary housing development projects did more harm than the initial one. By assessing the cumulative impacts on Suji district, this research suggests to minimize two kinds of solutions : comprehensive environmental assessments in regional unit and regulation on total forest quantity.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.19-34
• /
• 1989

In general, Shopping centers are located in the center of transportation, which induce more traffic concentration than other facilities. As a result, it becomes to one of the aggravating factors of urban ＆ transportation problem such as traffic conjestion, parking problems. Thus, in planning shopping-center, it is desirable that consumer\`s trip pattern is should lie more carefully analyzed in order to alleviate the above problems. This study is aimed at finding the characteristics of shopping tripes and analyzing the choice behavior of shopping center and mode-to-shop. This study has developed a nested logit model in which consumers choose shopping center and mode-to-shop with a sequential structure. The model was estimated using household data from the 1989 May, Seoul metropolitan area and the 18 alternatives of shopping center and 5 mode alternatives. The estimated model have been evaluated and it may be concluded that this model for shopping trips is effective and fesible. The conclusion of this study are as fellows. 1. Out-of-vehicle travel time is more important factor affecting behavior of mode choice than in-vehicle travel time. 2. All of direct-elasticities for mode with respect to the travel time is more elastic than travel cost. 3. Accessibility to shop is more important factor affecting the choice of shopping center than parking space. 4. The value of out-of-vehicle travel time exceeds the value of in-vesicle travel time by 1.64 times.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.161-169
• /
• 2001

This study has been performed to analyze association between general housing status and demographic characteristics such as family extension period, total fertility within a family, male birth rates, and birth order among the elderly in Korea. In this study, 183 subjects aged late 60s to 70s were interviewed for their childbearing history under legal marriage and current housing status such as tenure, residence(urban vs rural), and household composition. In this study , average term from the first to the last birth is 11.88 years, and total number of live births is 4.51. The average rate of male firths among live births within a family is 0.532, which is close to data of Korean statistical office in 1995. There were some association of housing status and the fertility; those living in rented units have longer family extension period and rural elderly have higher rate of male children. in addition, there is a significant impact of birth order on tenure. Majority of the first-born subjects were home owners by virtue of bequeath eligibility, and the rate of home owners was 50% higher than the second-born group. Overall in this study, it is recommended that when planning elderly living facilities, service policies be differentiated by both housing & fertility characteristics.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.517-527
• /
• 2014

As sewer flooding frequents due to localized and concentrated stormwater and increased non-permeable surface area after urbanization, building cities with sound water recycle and accordingly efficient management of rainwater is demanded. To do this, the existing sewage (including rainwater) fee imposition system should be philosophically evaluated. This study presents problematic issues of the existing domestic sewage fee imposition system considering the principle of sharing costs on the service of sewage and rainwater collection and treatment. Four methods to improve the existing sewage fee imposition system are suggested: 1) imposing stormwater fee according to Polluter Pays Principle, 2) clarification of the share of public sector, 3) reducing or exempting the sewerage fee for inhabitants reducing urban runoff by constructing their own rainwater management facilities, 4) imposing charge for discharging rainwater to sewers due to new development action. Short, mid, or long term planning for rainwater management is recommended considering the situation of each municipality.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.45-54
• /
• 2017

A pedestrian environment provides improved walking conditions and facilities for most pedestrians. However, the walking conditions for women with strollers are poor. The purpose of this study was to provide information on the walking environment planning for women with strollers in an urban housing area through analyse of walking characteristics, patterns of going out, and the psychology of them. This study surveyed 208 women who pushed a baby n a stroller in Gyeongsan. The analysis consisted of calculation of the frequencies, the mean, t-test, and ${\chi}^2$ test. The survey results revealed that, first, the women had their own favorite places in the housing area, and usually went out during the afternoon as various aims. When they went out, they felt stress both psychologically and physically, and they thought that they were weak at walking. Second, the safety and the convenience factors of walking environment were important conditions that make the women to go out often. Third, the environment that have not the accessibility, the amenity, and the diversity also restricted the women from going out with the stroller. As a result, they did mot use the stroller and tended to use their cars to go out. However, when the diversity of the environment is added to walking environment, women invreased their social interactions.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.132-137
• /
• 2000

In June, the City of Seoul held a design competition for $\ulcorner$Seoul Park$\lrcorner$in Paris to promote friendly relations with its sister city. The purpose of this paper is to articulate the design concept of a scheme submitted by the author. The author interpreted the object of this design competition as follows: if we regards a park not as one of urban planning facilities but as a space for expressing a culture, $\ulcorner$Seoul Park$\lrcorner$in Paris is a space expressing Korean culture, or a culture of the City of Seoul in Paris, France. Three points were emphasized in this scheme: 1. Physical and non-physical aspects of Korean culture, or a culture of the City of Seoul were expressed separately. In physical part, a traditional Korean garden was reappeared to express its authenticity compared to its counterpart, French classical garden - its formal and grand style. In nonphysical part, Seoul's features and its citizen's facial expression were engraved on 'free standing walls' named 'Seoul Expression'. In addition, Korean traditional and modern performing arts will be performed in a square named as 'Seoul madang' surrounded by the free standing walls. 2. A space clearly divided by the fence was necessary to distinguish a traditional Korean garden from the place which looks like an amusement park. Traditional wall, mounding and pine tree groves were included. 3. Bamboo grove with the way taking a walk was introduced. The author expected that Parisian feels oriental mystery, the sound of wind, and the time lag of past and present in this sounding bamboo grove.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
• /
• v.34 no.6
• /
• pp.135-142
• /
• 2018

A public pedestrian passage induces traffic into the apartment complex, and therefore, it requires the application of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design(CPTED). This paper aims to analyze the conditions and to suggest the improvements of public pedestrian passages in apartment complexes, applying a 3-D approach from CPTED aspect. The first aspect is "Designation": 1)The linkage between the public pedestrian passages is weak, and their designated purpose becomes unclear. 2)When the designated purpose is not considered for each complex, the closure rate is high. 3)The closure rate of the "Through type" is high. It suggests that the pedestrian network should be built and vitalized at the local urban level. The second aspect is "Definition." The public pedestrian passage lacks a social, cultural, and legal definition and only has a passive physical definition. It suggests that a legal definition and specialized guildline be prepared. The third aspect is "Design": 1)Insufficient territoriality exists between the public pedestrian passage and the inside of the complex. Territoriality should be reinforced between the public pedestrian passage and the rest of the internal territory. 2)The landscaping adjacent to the public pedestrian passage lacks deliberation. Since this is where safety and privacy collide, detailed design and maintenance of the landscaping is required. 3)It lacks systematical crime prevention facilities and should compensate accordingly.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.37-44
• /
• 2019

According to the statistical surveys and studies, insufficient maintenance in the use of existing buildings caused fire and collapse accidents. In this respect, I analyzed the data managed by the current building maintenance and inspection system to find out the actual state of safety management and proposed two significant results. First, regarding the state of the buildings, the safety management status of the small-sized ones, where 20 years or more passed after construction, is the worst and a priority improvement plan is required. Second, there are eight deeply concerning factors for the fire incidents and collapse accidents of buildings. In the order of high risk, these factors are structural strength (seismic design), exterior wall finishing material, basement floor, interior finishing materials, other evacuation facilities, corridors stairs entrances, rooftop, fire partition. We need to have more special designs and management plans regarding high-risk factors as a system to prevent accidents in the building.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.331-343
• /
• 2017

The important changes in water environment management in Korea can be summarized as the enactment of Act on the Integrated Control of Pollutant-Discharging Facilities. Therefore water quality impact assessment should be reexamined and be revised. This study examines the present water quality impact assessment items (permissible discharge limits, standards for effluent water quality including Total Pollutant Load Management System) and considers the land use regulation for water quality conservation and NVZs(Nitrate Vulnerable Zones of EU and England). It also considers lately adopted standards(maximum discharge standards, permissible discharge standards, and marginal discharge standards etc) based on Act on the Integrated Control of Pollutant-Discharging Facilities and then compares Korean BAT and its counterpart control technology of U.S.A. And it also compares the items of water quality impact assessment with those of Integrated Control of Pollutant-Discharging Facilities, based on EIS reporting items. This study suggests five improvement measures for water quality impact assessment. First reflection of discharge impact analysis on impact prediction and assessment, second reflection of permissible discharge standards on agreed standards in the EIA procedure, third, reflection of diversified BAT on mitigation measures in the EIA procedure, forth introduction of land use regulation such as NVZs, finally strengthening linkage between water quality items and land use items etc.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.41 no.5
• /
• pp.551-557
• /
• 2021

Attached parking lots installation criteria is determined by use, total floor area, etc. according to the Parking Lot Act and local government ordinances. However, with traffic demand increase inconvenience about use of culture and assembly facilities have been raised. When planning number of parking lots for cultural and assembly facilities, legal parking lots and unit parking lots are used, but this causes inconvenience and traffic problems on the surrounding roads, because reality and convenience are not considered. Therefore, this study intend to present an realistic number of parking lots calculating equation for movie theater in Gwangju Metropolitan City. After investigating number of parking lots, number of screens, number of seats, total floor area, bus route and illegal parking for a cultural facility in Gwangju Metropolitan City, prediction model for calculating number of parking lots was presented using SPSS regression analysis. As a result of comparing prediction model and unit method, the prediction model was be closer actual cumulative parking space, so prediction model verification was completed. Based on the model verified in this study, Realistic number of parking lots will be installed. However, due to limitations of research on specific areas, research on various facilities should continue in consideration of regional, population, and urban characteristics