• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.273-285
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• 2002

Three materials for sport underwear were manufactured by order for study, and among them, suitable material in order to perform an experiment on the effect of wearing was adopted. The results are as follows: The result of wearing an experimental clothes for sports manufactured as a foundation-type underwear for sports showed that if the same compositional materials were applied, laminating material had higher rate than that of others in the amount of sweat. Concerning relative humidity in clothes and the amount of sweat absorbed in clothes among the two kinds of materials which were produced by laminate, material 2(nylon+modal) was statistically exerts higher influence on the amount of sweat. The humidity in clothes keeps the optimal condition of 59.8%, and breast part showed the highest relative humidity. The material 2(nylon+modal) showed the highest comfortableness, the sense of warmth, humidity and voluminousness, and the sense of pressure. Follow-up survey revealed that in case of material 2, higher amount of sweat than that of the group objects in its early phase, and the amount of sweat varies from individuals. The temperature in clothes of folded parts of experimental clothes and maximum surface temperature was equivalent to that of average skin. With the lapse of time, the weight decreased of 11.03% in maximum, and 3.12% in minimum. The amount of change in the girth was greater in part of body frame than that of limbs, and especially, navel and waist part showed high decrease, and upper breast, breast and the largest part of abdomen showed relatively low decrease. The above experiment revealed that materials for suitable to the underwear for sports for loss of weight by an exercise should be made of doubled-nylon and modal, along with the laminate processing, which heightens the amount of sweat. Thus, wearing an experimental wear gave satisfaction in the view of the beauty of appearance as it did not discharge flowing secretion to the outside at the time of exercise.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.137-153
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• 2009

Recently, young men have become more muscular as they become more interested in physical figure. However, most of these muscular men have fit problems regarding ready-made clothes. In view of this, this study aimed to develop a prototype jacket pattern for muscular men. For this study, five muscular men were selected to put on existing jacket pattern for wearing tests. The regression formula, in which muscular men body measures were adopted, was applied to unsuitable parts, especially the areas determined not to be appropriate in the evaluation of existing jacket pattern wearing tests. After the first and the second jacket pattern wearing tests, the final jacket pattern suitable for muscular men was developed. The results of the study were as follows: In order to make up for the problem of the loosening of the lapel area, due to the development of the chest muscle, the chest circumference line on the chest area of the pattern was cut to be 1.0cm wide; thus, the front length was modified with an increase. The wearing tests found that a wearers felt discomfort from the tight armhole area, so the armhole depth was set to be a little lower than that of ready-made clothes. A muscular men needs much more extra quantity in this area because the upper part of the back side is projected due to the greater development of the trapezius muscle and the deltoid than in average men. Hence, concerning the standard line for the length of the back interscye, ease of 1.0cm was added to the regression equation formula {(0.371${\times}$chest circumference+3.145)/2} in order to resolve the discomfort with the back area. Also, for the biacromion length, the upper arm protruded more than the shoulder point of the jacket because of the development of the deltoid and the upper arm muscle, and it was set to be wider than the actual shoulder. In order to solve the problem of discomfort from the narrow neck area during the wearing of a jacket owing to the development of the trapezius muscle, extra ease of 0.5cm was added to chest circumference/12-0.5cm in the existing jacket prototype to the width of back of the neck, and it was corrected to be chest circumference/12.

• 복식
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• 제1권
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• pp.101-117
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• 1977

This thesis is a study of the Simui(深衣) system which was a dress regulation peculiar to old China with skirt and coat. The origin of Simui is a very long time, that is, before Ju dynasty in China. Its wearing range had a large circle irrespective of rank and good or bad luck. This was a ordinary dress to the Emperor or the lords, a below court attire or a below sacrificial rites attire to the illustrious officials, and good luck dress to the common people. But this was a funeral rites attire or coming-of-age ceremony attire in domestic behaviour. In the times of Song dynasty, lots of confucian scholars had put on this simui because of Juhi's recommendation for domestic behaviour. This Simui had been put on through all the times of China and was the original text of all the dress. Especially the court attire and silkworm working dress of Empress, and the court attire and underwear court attire of Emperor is also made out of this Simui, therefore this is a origin of the ceremonial dress which formed into long coat. In Korea it is said that this Simui was brought in prior to the middle of Goryeo dynasty. But we can't tell the correct transmitted age. According to the following records in Goryeo History, "King had put on the Simui as a sacrificial rite attire in the times of Yejong". It is sure that this Simui was brought in prior to the times of Yejong. In fact, lots of confucian scholars had put on the Simui since the introduction of confucianism in the end of Goryeo dynasty and after that time this was taken by many confucian scholars through Yi dynasty. Korean Simui system was complied with Chinese system through confucian domestic behaviour, This was respected for court dress of confucian scholars, as it were, Chumri, (an ordinary dress of scholars), Nansam (a uniform of upper student), and Hakchangui (a uniform of confucian student). There are many deta about Simui system in the book of Yeki, chapter Okcho and Simui, and other many canfucian books. But we didn't demonstrate the theory about it till now. Especially there are diversifies of opinions about the phrase of "Sok Im Ku Byun" in Yeki. Simui was cut in separate and then was stitched together in one piece. Generally its shape had round sleeve and angled lapel, its length reaches to the anklebone. And it has a line around the lapel, the sleeve band, and the edge of skirt. It is called Simui because the body can be wrapped deeply in broad width and large sleeve. The Simui was made of white fine linen and was cut by the natural size of body. Every part of Simui had a profound meaning; the round sleeve in compliance with regulation can keep a courtesy when a walker moves his hands and the angled lapel like a carpenter's square in compliance with square keeps them front loosing their Justice and a string of the back also keeps them loosing from their righteousness and the flat lower part of Simui makes their heart and mind calm. This Simui was usually attendant on a head cover and belt made cloth, and black shoes. This thesis was made a study of documents and portrait from Yi dynasty, for the actual object was not obtained.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.645-655
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• 2009

삼랑진 양수발전소 상 하부댐 시설물에 매설되어 있는 기준점을 이용하여 댐의 변위에 대한 모니터링이 이루어지고 있다. 1997년, 2002년, 2007년에 이루어진 수직 및 수평 변위 관측방법은 기준점에 대한 비교분석을 통해 댐의 거동을 파악하였다. 전통적 측량방법으로는 댐체의 전체적인 거동을 세밀하게 분석하기 어려운 문제가 있으므로 본 연구에서는 지상레이저스캐너를 이용하여 댐체 표면을 관측하여, 스캔성과와 설계단면과의 비교분석을 통해 준공이후 현재까지의 댐체 변형을 추정하였다. 상부댐의 설계대비 수직변위량은 댐마루의 중간부분인 최대단면부에서 최대 1.5 m가 발생하였고, 하류사면에서는 중앙과중하위 부분인 SP4-2 부근에서 0.75 m, SP4-4 부근에서 0.5 m가 발생하였다. 하부댐의 설계대비 수직변위량의 최대 침하는 댐마루와 상류사면 상단부에서 발생하였고 침하량은 $-0.4\;m{\sim}-1.0\;m$ 범위로 분석되었다. 본 연구의 성과는 향후 댐체의 전체적인 거동을 분석하기 위한 초기치 설정 관측으로 이용될 수 있다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.70-75
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 차단기능형 수평식 가스밸브와 기존 수직식 가스밸브의 변형거동 안전성을 FEM으로 해석하였다. FEM 해석결과에 의하면, 차단기능형 수평식 가스밸브의 나사부와 가스방출구에 가스내압이 작용할 때 밸브몸체의 우측 끝단부에서 최대 변형량 $4.4{\mu}m$가 발생하였다. 두 번째로 큰 변형량 $2.9{\mu}m$는 안전밸브가 설치된 포트의 끝단부에 형성된 것으로 나타났다. 이렇게 작은 변형량이 발생한 것은 나사부, 가스방출구, 스템 및 스핀들 축이 장착되는 포트, 안전밸브 포트로 구성되는 수평식 가스밸브의 평형이 잘 이루어지도록 설계되었기 때문이다. 반면에 나사부와 가스방출구에 가스내압이 작용할 때, 기존 차단기능형 수직식 가스밸브의 상단부에서 최대 변형량 0.076mm가 형성된 것으로 나타났다. 가스유출구의 좌측 끝단부에서 두 번째로 큰 최대 변형량 0.055mm가 발생하였다. 이러한 변형량은 차단기능형 안전장치의 그루브에 삽입된 오링의 밀봉간극에 영향을 미칠 가능성이 높다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 LPG 용기용 가스밸브의 가스누출을 완벽하게 차단할 수 있는 메커니즘을 갖춘 차단기능형 수평식 가스밸브가 수직식 가스밸브에 비해 우수하다할 수 있다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.355-368
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• 2002

대원사 다층석탑(보물 제1112호)의 훼손도 평가와 지질학적 안전진단을 실시하였다. 이 다층석탑의 부재는 주로 화강암질 편마암으로 이루어져 있으며, 부분적으로 세립질 화강편마암과 우백질 화강편마암이 혼재한다. 보륜석은 흑운모 화강암이며 원추형 보주는 도기로 되어 있다. 탑의 부재는 박리와 박락이 심하고 탑신과 옥개석의 일부는 파손되어 시멘트로 조악하게 접착되어 있는 상태이다. 이 탑은 전체적으로 비정질 철수산화 광물의 침전과 피복으로 인하여 황갈색 또는 적갈색을 띤다. 또한 망간산화물에 의한 암갈색 각질과 시멘트 몰탈에서 용해된 석고와 방해석 침전물이 표면의 백화현상을 야기하였다. 각각의 탑신, 옥개석 및 상륜부의 구성암석에는 방사상 또는 선상 미세균열과 이를 충전한 회백색 탄산염광물들이 산재한다. 이 탑에는 균류, 조류, 지의류나 선태류가 암석의 표면에 고착되어 기생하면서 황갈색, 청남색 및 진녹색을 나타내는 반점상으로 산출된다. 한편 대원사 경내 및 계곡에 분포하는 암석도 다층석탑과 마찬가지로 심한 적화현상을 볼 수 있다. 이는 대원사 부근에 분포하는 암석이 일반적인 편마암류의 철과 망간 함량에 비하여 아주 높고, 이들이 강수 또는 지표수와의 반응에 따라 산화물을 형성하여 표면을 피복한 자연적인 현상이다. 따라서 이 탑의 이차오염을 가중시키는 적화 및 백화현상을 차단하기 위한 보존처리와 석탑의 부재와 지반의 구조적 안정을 위한 열극계의 보강과 접착이 필요하다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.226-239
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• 2004

Objective: Purpose of this study was to examine the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) at Xingjian(LR2) as 'Fire(火)' point of The Leg Absolute Um Liver Meridan(足厥陰肝經 : Chok-Kworum-Kan-Kyong) on the facial thermal change. Methods: Subjects of this study were 15 patients with upperpart(includes head and facial part) fever of human body and two examinations were carried out in each other day. We divided cases of two examinations into two groups. One is experimental group(N=15) that was carried out electroacupuncture stimulation at Xingjian(LR2), the other is control group(N=15) which was carried out electroacupuncture stimulation at optional point(in space between 1st and 2nd fingers) except acupuncture points of 12 meridians. We took the temperature of fixed areas on face by digital infrared thermal image(D.I.T.I.) before and after electroacupuncture stimulation. Those fixed areas on face that was taken temperature are Jingming(BL1), Sibai(ST2), Dicang(ST4), Indang, Shuigou(GV26), Chengjiang(CV24) areas. In cases of temperature of Jingming(BL1), Sibai(ST2), Dicang(ST4) areas, we applied each mean of left and right temperature to statical analysis. Results: In the group of electroacupuncture stimulation at Xingjian(LR2), temperature of every fixed areas on face fell: Jingming(BL1) area's ${\Delta}T=-0.7007{\pm}0.78642$, Sibai(ST2) area's ${\Delta}T=-0.6280{\pm}0.56439$, Dicang(ST4) area's ${\Delta}T=-0.5940{\pm}0.60179$, Indang area's ${\Delta}T=-0.7200{\pm}0.64515$, Shuigou(GV26) area's ${\Delta}T=-0.6160{\pm}0.80487$, Chengjiang(CV24) area's ${\Delta}T=-0.5627{\pm}0.72615$. In Xingjian(LR2) electroacupuncture group, each temperature of Jingming(BL1), Sibai(ST2), Indang areas showed a drop significantly in comparison with control group (p<0.05). But each temperature of Dicang(ST4), Shuigou(GV26), Chengjiang(CV24) areas did not showed a drop significantly in comparison with control group(p>0.05). Conclusions: The results mentioned above showed that electroacupuncture stimulation at Xingjian(LR2) significantly decreased the temperature on face of patients with upperpart fever of human body. In Xingjian(LR2) electroacupuncture group, especially temperature of upper part of face includes eye, cheekbone, forehead regions showed a drop significantly in comparison with control group.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2014

하천의 체계적 관리와 계획을 위해서는 정확도 높은 측량자료가 요구되며, 이를 통해 재해예방과 환경보호, 주요 인프라인 댐이나 보 같은 하천의 관리가 가능해 진다. 본 연구는 재난관리, 건설산업의 지원 등에 다양하게 활용되는 하천측량을 현재의 토털스테이션을 이용한 측량 방법과 최근 들어 활발히 이용되고 있는 항공라이다측량 방법을 이용하여 동일지역의 데이터를 취득하고 그 성과를 비교 분석하는데 목적을 두었으며, 실험 대상지로는 강원도 북한강 상류지역을 선정 하였다. 선정된 실험 지역을 대상으로 총 2개의 횡단면도를 추출하였으며, 추출된 횡단면도를 상호 비교 분석하였다. 분석 결과 일반적인 육지부에서는 두 자료간 수준고의 평균제곱근 오차가 0.017m로 그 차이가 거의 없었으나 수직위치만 변하는 특이점이나 수심부에서는 항공라이다측량이 해당 지점의 수준고를 정확하게 측정하지 못하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 도출된 문제점을 극복하기 위해서는 향후 지속적인 연구와 실험으로 항공라이다측량을 이용한 세부 시설물의 정확한 측정 방안이나 수심부를 투과하여 하천 바닥면을 육지부와 동일한 오차범위 내로 측정할 수 있는 대안이 마련되어야 할 것으로 보이며, 실용화 단계가 될 시점에서는 대규모 지역이나 사람의 접근이 불능한 지역에 대하여 하천뿐만 아니라 각종 엔지니어링 사업분야에서도 계획 및 설계 등 의사결정 수단으로 다양한 활용이 기대된다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2015

In case of PAS test, the air is sometimes leaked although the mask is tightly attached to the face, which is not reliable on the measured values. Therefore, this study aimed to assist the clinical practice suggesting the test method of PAS without air leakage. In the healthy subjects with 12 males and 12 females over 19 years old, three types of tests were performed on the voicing efficiency among the protocol of PAS Model 6600. They are; first, to attach the mask tightly to the face holding the handle of PAS with the subject's two hands (Method 1); second, to attach the mask tightly to the face holding the handle of PAS with the subject's one hand and pushing the body of PAS strongly with the other hand (Method 2); and third, to attach the mask tightly to the face pushing the upper part of the mask by the tester when the subject attached the mask to his or her face holding the handle of PAS with two hands (Method 3). Upon the study analyses, the mean negative pressure, the mean phonogram, subglottic air pressure, and voicing efficiency were shown to be statistically significantly different during PAS test in males depending on the methods. (p<.05) In case of females, only the target airflow rate showed significant difference depending on the methods during PAS test. (p<.001) In conclusion, Method 2 enhanced the noise level and strength while Method 1 was likely to leak the air more compared to the other two methods in males. In case of females, Method 1 showed significant leakage of the air flow. Not to allow the air flow leakage without affecting the outcome of PAS test, it will be the most useful for the tester to push the mask to the subject's face tightly (Method 3).

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.98-104
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• 2020

Objective: The shoulders are a particularly an important body part for elite boxers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the upper trapezius (UT), infraspinatus (IS) muscle tone, pain, and isokinetic muscle function of shoulder movements such as external rotation, internal rotation, protraction, and retraction according to the scapular position of elite boxers of the Korean national team. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Using the double square method, the scapular position was measured and divided into the forward scapular position group (n=8) with a measurement distance of 135 mm or more, and the normal scapular position group (n=10) with a measurement distance of less than 135 mm. Through the numeric rating scale of the subject, the pain value displayed during movement was measured. The muscle tone of the subjects' UT and IS were measured. The isokinetic muscle function of ER, IR, protraction, and retraction were measured using isokinetic exercise equipment. Results: The results of this study showed statistically significant differences when comparing muscle tone of the UT and IS, shoulder pain, isokinetic function of ER and IR, protraction, and retraction according to scapular position (p<0.05). Conclusions: The findings of this study were that shoulder muscle tone, pain, and isokinetic muscle function were affected according to the scapular position of elite boxers. In the future, this information may be a useful indicator when studying the effects of medium and long-term intervention in elite boxers who possess these characteristics.